Friedrich Wilhelm Hoeninghaus (natural scientist)
Friedrich Wilhelm Hoeninghaus (also Friedrich Wilhelm Höninghaus , born August 17, 1770 in Krefeld , † July 13, 1854 ibid) was a German entrepreneur , naturalist and fossil collector .
Life
Friedrich Wilhelm Hoeninghaus was the son of the Krefeld teacher Johann Heinrich Hoeninghaus. He did not attend secondary school, but had a special talent for languages and taught himself English, French, Dutch, Italian and Spanish through self-study. Later he also learned Latin. Hoeninghaus began his commercial career with the Von der Leyen company in Krefeld and founded the silk publishing company Hoeninghaus & Co. in 1796. On August 16, 1797, he began a trip to America to establish trade relations. He traveled via Bremen and Hamburg and embarked on August 26 September 1797 in Altona on the Danish steamship Providentia after a sea voyage of more than 100 days and a short land trip on January 8, 1798 to Baltimore . Here he met the Alderman Everhard Delius, with whom he later remained in lively correspondence until his death. On Mount Vernon it was introduced to General George Washington .
About 15 months later he returned to Krefeld with formative experiences and many new contacts. Hoeninghaus married Anna Maria Hornemann (* born unknown; † January 6, 1819), with whom he had 10 children together over time, including the architecture and landscape painter Adolf Hoeninghaus and the politician Friedrich Wilhelm Hoeninghaus .
From around 1802 he ran the company Hoeninghaus & de Greiff together with his partner Jakob de Greiff (1774-1806) and after his death with his brother Anton de Greiff (1765-1835), which in 1816 made it the third largest publisher in Krefeld.
Hoeninghaus was deputy justice of the peace, city councilor, commercial judge and later also president of the Lower Rhine Chamber of Commerce.
His father had created a not insignificant collection of natural objects, which Friedrich Wilhelm Hoeninghaus steadily enlarged. From around 1816 he began to build up an extensive palaeontological collection, which became more and more important over time. Georg August Goldfuß , with whom he was on a friendly and academic exchange, regularly used the collection for his research and publications. In 1830 he handed over his collection to the Natural History Museum of the Rhenish University of Bonn.
Hoeninghaus carried out natural history trips annually, often several in one year, and liked to correspond extensively. As a speaking emblem for a hard-working collector, he had a beehive in the seal.
On October 1, 1828 he was at Goethe 's table and talked extensively with him about scientific topics. To commemorate this visit, Goethe wrote him a memorial sheet.
"Every path to the right purpose is also right in every route."
Friedrich Wilhelm Hoeninghaus is the first to describe the brachiopod Crania nodulosa Hoeninghaus 1828, which is now assigned to Ancistrocrania nodulosa ( Hoeninghaus ) 1828.
On October 15, 1841 he was given the academic surname Knorrius III. elected member (matriculation no. 1493) of the Leopoldina .
Memberships
- 1823: Genootschap ter Befordering ter natuurlyke Historie te Groningen
- 1823: Wetterau Society for all natural history in Hanau
- 1823: Société des Amis des Sciences, Lettres et Arts de Maestricht
- 1826: Society for useful research in Trier
- 1826: Société linnéenne de Bordeaux
- 1826: Senckenberg Natural Research Society
- 1828: Society of German Natural Scientists and Doctors
- 1828: Société d'histoire naturelle de Paris
- 1830: Society of Friends of Natural Scientists in Berlin
- 1830: Société géologique de France
- 1830: Société des sciences naturelles de Liège
- 1830: Westphalian Society for the Promotion of Patriotic Culture
- 1832: Society for Natural and Medical Science in Heidelberg
- 1834: Imperial Society of Naturalists in Moscow
- 1835: Natural Research Society of the Osterland
- 1841: Leopoldina (academic nickname Knorrius III. , Matriculation no. 1493)
- 1841: Natural science association in Hamburg
- 1841: Niederrheinische Gesellschaft für Natur- und Heilkunde zu Bonn
- 1843: Natural history association of the Prussian Rhineland and Westphalia
- 1843: Rheinische Naturforschende Gesellschaft
- 1846: Association for Natural History in the Duchy of Nassau
- 1849: German Geological Society (No. 58 of the first 170 members 1849)
Honors
Hoeninghaus was awarded the Order of the Red Eagle .
Several fossils were named in his honor:
- Pecten hoeninghausi Defrance 1825
- Praeradiolites hoeninghausi Desmoulins 1826
- Sphenopteris hoeninghausii Brongniart 1828
- Ammonites hoeninghausi book 1832
- Phacops hoeninghausi Barrande 1846
- Hoeninghausia Gürich 1896
Fonts
literature
- Johann Daniel Ferdinand Neigebaur : History of the imperial Leopoldino-Carolinische German academy of natural scientists during the second century of its existence. Friedrich Frommann , Jena 1860, p. 269 (archive.org)
- Jacob Nöggerath : Nekrolog. Friedrich Wilhelm Höninghaus. In: Negotiations of the Natural History Association of the Prussian Rhineland and Westphalia, 12, Bonn 1855, pp. 8–16 ( digitized version )
Web links
- Entry of Friedrich Wilhelm von Hoeninghaus at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on February 7, 2018.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Peter Kriedte: Baptism-minded and large capital. The Lower Rhine-Bergisch Mennonites and the rise of the Krefeld silk trade . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-525-35801-6 , p. 390 ( Google Books )
- ^ Michael Holzmann and Hanns Bohatta : Deutsches Pseudonym-Lexikon. Akademischer Verlag, Vienna and Leipzig 1906, p. 150 (archive.org)
- ^ Journal of the German Geological Society, Volume 1, Issue 1, 1849, p. 40 List of the members of the DGG 1849
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Hoeninghaus, Friedrich Wilhelm |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Höninghaus, Friedrich Wilhelm; Knorrius III. |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German entrepreneur, naturalist and fossil collector |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 17th August 1770 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Krefeld |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 13, 1854 |
| Place of death | Krefeld |