Frederick the Great (ship, 1896)
Frederick the Great 
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 USS Huron (ID-1408) in Newport News , Virginia, July 11, 1919 |
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| Launch: | August 1, 1896 | |
| Commissioning: | November 11, 1896 | |
| Builder: | AG Vulcan Stettin , Building No. 231 | |
| Passengers: | 155 Class I 198 Class II 1964 between deck (not as RPD) |
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| Crew: | 222 men | |
| Building-costs: | 4.731 million gold marks | |
| Technical specifications | ||
| Measurement: | 10,531 GRT | |
| Load capacity: | 11,080 dw | |
| Length over all: | 166.3 m | |
| Width: | 18.32 m | |
| Draft : | 10.6 m | |
| Machinery: | 2 triple expansion steam engines | |
| Number of screws: | 2 | |
| Power: | 7,100 PSw | |
| Top speed: | 14.6 kn | |
| Whereabouts | ||
| Sunk October 12, 1922 | ||
The Friedrich der Große was built in Stettin as a Reichspostdampfer for the Australian service of North German Lloyd . She was completed as the first ship of the Barbarossa class . She had two chimneys and two masts and was the largest German ship when it was completed. The fact that the class (although Frederick the Great first came into service) was not named after her was probably due to the shipyard, which completed the ship very quickly; or Blohm & Voss fell behind with the construction of the sister ship Barbarossa .
Use at the NDL
On November 11, 1896, the Friedrich der Große started as a Reichspostdampfer from Bremerhaven on her maiden voyage via Suez to Sydney . She made 14 round trips on this main route; the last one began on January 21, 1914. This made Frederick the Great the first and the last ship of this class of the NDL on the Australian route.
On April 4, 1897, the Friedrich der Große sailed to New York for the first time after the sister ship Queen Luise made her maiden voyage to the USA on March 26 as the first ship of the class. All sister ships were regularly used on this route, especially in the summer months, as few passengers drove to Australia during this time. Frederick the Great began her last journey Bremerhaven - New York on November 22, 1913.
In front of Frederick the Great , Kaiser Wilhelm II is said to have given his famous " Huns Speech " on July 27, 1900 when the German troops left for China.
Between March 1907 and July 1912 she was also used on the Mediterranean line from Genoa to New York.
In March 1914 she was deployed to Baltimore for the first time , where her last peace trip , which she had embarked on July 18, 1914, also led to.
Assignments in American services
When the USA entered the war in 1917, the Frederick the Great was confiscated, initially the USS Frederick the Great , the ship was used as the USS Huron (ID-1408) . It transported 21,871 soldiers to Europe and over 20,582 soldiers and 1,546 wounded back to the United States after the conclusion of the armistice by August 23, 1919. On one of the trips to France on April 23, 1918, she collided with the USS Aeolus ex Great Elector while avoiding a convoy . There were no deaths, but both ships had to return to the USA because of the damage.
From 1920 to 1922 she drove from the USA to South America for the United States Mail Steamship Company .
In May 1922 it became the property of the Los Angeles Steamship Company , which had already taken over the half-sister Grand Elector and brought it to Honolulu on September 11, 1922 as the City of Los Angeles .
As the City of Honolulu , the former Frederick the Great caught fire on her first trip to Hawaii on October 12th, 1080 km from Los Angeles. The passengers were only taken over by the freighter West Faralon , which was the first auxiliary ship to reach the City of Honolulu . Since it turned out to be impossible to tow the ship with the help of the tug Tamaroa , the burning City of Honolulu was sunk by the US Coast Guard cutter Shawnee on October 17, 1922 after another 300 km. The oldest ship of the class was also the first loss.
The Barbarossa steamers of the NDL / Hapag before 1914
| in service | Surname | tonnage | shipyard | Status / fate |
| 11/11/1896 | Frederick the Great | 10,531 GRT | AG Vulcan Szczecin | see above |
| 01/03/1897 | Barbarossa | 10,769 GRT | Blohm & Voss AG, Hamburg | 1. Journey to Australia January 8, 1897, May 24, 1897 1. Journey to New York, March 16, 1906 Genoa – New York, from September 1912 Germany-Baltimore and other US ports, launched in New York in 1914 / through 1917 US Shipping Board confiscated, scrapped in 1924 |
| March 16, 1897 | Queen Luise | 10,566 GRT | AG Vulcan, Szczecin | March 21, 1897 Maiden voyage to New York, 1st voyage as a mail steamer November 17, 1897 to Australia, February 25, 1904 Genoa – New York, April 18, 1914 Germany – Baltimore, 1919 delivered to Shipping Controller , London , 1921 Omar , 1924 Edison , broken up in 1935 |
| 05/26/1897 | Bremen | 10,522 GRT 11,540 GRT |
F. Schichau , Danzig | June 5, 1897 Maiden voyage to New York, 1st voyage as a mail steamer October 20, 1897 to Australia (16 to 1911 in total), burned out / rebuilt and extended in Hoboken on June 30, 1900, delivered to Shipping Controller, London in 1919 , ran as Constantinople for the Byron Line, 1924 King Alexander , scrapped in 1929 |
| 08/27/1899 | King Albert | 10,531 GRT | AG Vulcan, Szczecin | October 4, 1899 maiden voyage as a mail steamer Hamburg – Yokohama, April 16, 1906 Genoa – New York, launched in Genoa in August 1914 / confiscated by Italy in 1915 , Ferdinando Palasciano , 1923 Italia , 1926 broken up |
| 03/12/1900 | Hamburg | 10,532 GRT | AG Vulcan, Szczecin | Hapag's 1st trip to East Asia, withdrawn from the Reichspostdampferdienst in 1914, interned in New York in 1914, scrappedto the US Shipping Board, Powhatan , 1928 |
| 04/26/1900 | Great Elector | 13,183 GRT | F. Schichau, Danzig | May 5, 1900 maiden voyage to New York, 1st voyage as a mail steamer November 7, 1900 to Australia, from April 1903 many cruises (including orienteering 1904 and 1909), polar voyages 1908 and 1910, West India cruise 1913 and 1914, launched in New York / 1917 Confiscated by US Shipping Controllers, Aeolus , scrapped in 1937 |
| 09/06/1900 | Princess Irene | 10,881 GRT | AG Vulcan, Szczecin | September 9, 1900 Maiden voyage to New York, 1st voyage as a mail steamer October 30, 1900 to East Asia, April 30, 1903 Genoa – New York, launched in New York in 1914 / confiscated by US Shipping Controller in 1917, Pocahontas , again in 1923 to 1932 Service of the NDL, 1923: Bremen (III) / 1928: Karlsruhe (II) / 1932 demolition |
| December 14, 1900 |
Kiautschou from 04: Princess Alice |
10,911 GRT | AG Vulcan, Szczecin | as Kiautschou , Hapag , 1st trip to East Asia, 1904 to NDL, renamed, 22 March 1904 to New York, 1914 interned in Cebu / Philippines, 1917 to US Shipping Board, Princess Matoika , 1922 President Arthur , 1927 City of Honolulu , Burned out in 1930, scrapped in 1933 |
| 02/22/1902 | Moltke | 12,335 GRT | Blohm & Voss, Hamburg | Hapag March 9, 1902 maiden voyage to New York, April 3, 1906 first voyage from Genoa to New York, also used for cruises, launched in Genoa in August 1914, confiscated in May 1915, renamed in Pesaro , in service with Lloyd Sabaudo in 1919, Genoa, demolished in 1925 |
| 05/31/1902 | Blucher | 12,334 GRT | Blohm & Voss, Hamburg | Hapag June 6, 1902 Maiden voyage to New York, after a small renovation (new luxury cabins), first mission to La Plata on June 26, 1912, launched in Pernambuco on August 3, 1914, confiscated on June 1, 1917, renamed Leopoldina , February 1918 chartered to CGT, France, renamed Suffren , Genoa in 1923 , demolished in 1929 |
literature
- Arnold Kludas : The History of German Passenger Shipping. Volume 2: Expansion on all seas 1890 to 1900. Ernst Kabel Verlag, Hamburg 1987, ISBN 3-8225-0038-0 ( writings of the German Maritime Museum 19).
- Arnold Kludas: The ships of the North German Lloyd. Volume 1: 1857 to 1919. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1991, ISBN 3-7822-0524-3 .
- Christine Reinke-Kunze: History of the Reichs-Post-Steamers. Connection between the continents 1886–1914. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1994, ISBN 3-7822-0618-5 .
- Claus Rothe: German ocean passenger ships. 1896 to 1918. Steiger Verlag, Moers 1986, ISBN 3-921564-80-8 .
Web links
- Jonathan J. Kalmakoff: Friedrich The Great . English. In: Doukhobor Immigrant Ship Descriptions - F - . Online at doukhobor.org.
Individual evidence
- ^ United States Mail Steamship Company . English. List of ships in the US Mail. Online on theshipslist.com from February 2, 2005.
- ↑ United States Mail Steamship Company in Wikipedia History