Fritz Lederer

Fritz Lederer

and when the world (around 1916)

Fritz Lederer (born April 22, 1878 in Königsberg an der Eger , Austria-Hungary ; died May 19, 1949 in Cheb , Czechoslovakia ) was a Bohemian landscape painter , etcher, and wood cutter .

Life

Fritz Lederer worked in his father's business in his youth, but received permission to switch to painting. He attended the art academy in Weimar, where he was a student of Theodor Hafen and Ludwig von Hofmann . Correspondence with and certificates from the Grand Ducal Saxon Art School Weimar are still available. This was followed by studies in Paris.

Since 1908 Lederer lived in Berlin and had a studio in Halensee . This year he took part in the art show in Vienna with a painting entitled “Street in Königsberg”. On March 13, 1909, he wrote to Max Liebermann about his admission to the Artists' Union and asked for a discount for a four-week study trip which then took him to Florence . There he met Vittoria Zannoni.

The result is an "Italian folder" in aquatint technique. On May 1, 1909, he took part in the graphic exhibition of the German Association of Artists in the Arnold Gallery , Dresden. On December 15, 1910, he married Valerie Zais, a granddaughter of the Wiesbaden doctor Wilhelm Zais . They later lived apart but were never divorced. This fact and the fact that Valerie Zais lived in Switzerland may have ensured Fritz Lederer's survival. Around 1912 Fritz Lederer lived at Joachim-Friedrich-Straße 38/39, today 39/40. As a portraitist, he created portraits of actors such as Paul Wegener as Jago, Alexander Moissi as Oswald, Friedrich Kayssler , Lucie Höflich , Emanuel Reicher , Alexander Girardi , Ludwig Ganghofer and, last but not least, his wife. During his time in Berlin, he frequented the Café des Westens among artists and intellectuals. Else Lasker-Schüler wrote a poem about him and mentioned him and his wife in the "Letters to Norway". After the First World War he lived in Berlin again and in 1919 he etched The Crown of Malik for Else Lasker's student Malik.

He is involved in many well-known exhibitions, for example 1910 Berlin Secession XXI exhibition, 1913 Galerie Commeter in Hamburg, 1929 Oct. - Nov., Prussian Academy of Arts, etc. 1914 he participated in the first exhibition of the Free Secession Berlin with many well-known German and international artists.

After the exhibition management of the Berlin Secession had rejected the works of most of the younger artists in 1910, Heinrich Richter-Berlin , Moritz Nelzer, Fritz Lederer, Max Pechstein , César Klein and 20 others organized the New Secession with Georg Tappert as the driving force . The founding declaration of the “New Secession” of April 21, 1910 is shown in the book by Gerhard Wietek . There was also an exhibition by the Association of German Visual Artists in Bohemia, which took place in the premises of the Saxon Art Association in Dresden. In the Kleine Kunstnachrichten it was reported: "The graphics are first class, including Fritz Lederer, Max Pollack, Alfred Kubin ..." The German Association of Artists , to which Lederer has been a member since 1903 , also exhibited at Commeter in Hamburg in 1910 . This exhibition is also attracting international attention and Fritz Lederer is represented with two pictures.

In autumn 1914 Lederer was drafted into the Austrian Army and came to the Polish-Russian front. In 1915 he was in the hospital in Krakow. The landscape folder with the Egerländer in Russian Poland was created. In the war years, linocuts followed and if the world were full of devils and drypoint etchings spring in the Giant Mountains. In November 1916 Lovis Corinth wrote to Hermann Struck "I also had your protection child propose the other (Fritz) Lederer as a member (of the Berlin Secession). Shortly before the end of the war, he was badly wounded in the head on the Italian front." he etched Bruegel's winter landscape in front of the original and achieved a graphic achievement in months of work. The 55x73 cm etching, executed in Vernis Mou with roulette hatching, vividly reproduces the dual sound of snow and blue-green ice. "In the 1920s, Lederer was back in Berlin, this time in Charlottenburg, Bismarckstrasse 12. He was in many films from 1920 to 1924 worked as a set designer .

Fritz Lederer participated in several exhibitions until he emigrated to Prague in 1938, where he painted his last watercolors . On August 18, 1944, he was taken to the Theresienstadt ghetto on transport F23 . He survived this thanks to his wife in exile in Switzerland .

In 1946 the first publication of the Kynsperg Press appeared in an edition of fifty copies, a series of 24 sheets under the title "The Eruw of Theresienstadt" ( Der Eruv von Theresienstadt ). In the last years of his life, Lederer was prevented from creating because of the green star . He died after an operation on May 19, 1949 in Cheb. He was buried on May 23, 1949 in the Jewish cemetery in Kynšperk nad Ohří ; it was the last funeral in this cemetery.

Works by Fritz Lederer can be found among others. a. in the Gerhard Schneiders collection .

Exhibitions

posthumously

• 2004: Egerer Bibliothek, Cheb
• 2008: Kynšperk nad Ohří
• 2010: “With the pen against oblivion.” The Holocaust artists Fritz Lederer (1878–1949) and Leo Haas (1901–1983). Museum near the Kaiserpfalz Ingelheim .
• Culture against death, permanent exhibition of the Theresienstadt memorial in the former Magdeburg barracks, Verlag Oswald, 2002

literature

• Max Schach: The eraser Fritz Lederer. Ost und West, 1912, issue 1 (January) pp. 31–36. ( Online )
• O. u. W. January: Fritz Lederer. Volume IV. Leavith-Pereire, 1979, pp. 5-6.
• Detlef Lorenz: Traces of Artists in Berlin from the Baroque to Today. Dietrich-Reimer-Verlag.
• Ruth Negendanck : The Ernst Arnold Gallery 1893–1951. Art trade and contemporary history, VDG.
• Wolfgang Gurlitt Gallery: Fritz Lederer. Catalog of the exhibition from 8. – 30. May 1959, Munich 22, Galeriestr. 2B, courtyard garden
• Georg Giesing, Peter Kleinert: Ostracized Art. Interview with the collector Dr. Gerhard Schneider. Neue Rheinische Zeitung, online flyer, September 23, 2008.
• Fortunat von Schubert-Soldem: Die Graphischen Künste , XXXIII. Volume, p. 53.Society for Reproductive Art, Vienna 1910.
• Fritz Lederer: Short autobiography in The graphic year Fritz Gurlitt. Fritz Gurlitt Verlag, Berlin.
• Ed. Lorenz Schreiner with contributions by H.Gassl, WD Hamperl, E. Hubala, F.Jahnel, L. Schreiner, E. Schremmer, M.Tietz, H. u. K. Weiß: "Art in Eger, town and country, page 485"

Web links

• Works by and about Fritz Lederer in the catalog of the German National Library
• Fritz Lederer at the Center for Holocaust & Genocide studies on the University of Minnesota website
• Lederer, Bedřich on the website www.ghetto-theresienstadt.info
• Fritz Lederer on the website of the Cheb Museum (Czech)
• Works of Fritz Lederer in the directory of digitized prints of the University Library Center of North Rhine-Westphalia (hbz)
• Works by Fritz Lederer in the holdings of the Jewish Museum Berlin

Individual evidence

1. ^ Archive portal of the Thuringian Main State Archives in Weimar, June 21, 2012
2. ^ Arnold Schönberg Catalog raisonné, p. 84; ISBN 3-902012-07-2
3. ^ Letter to Max Liebermann dated March 13, 1909. Archive of the Academy of Arts
4. ↑ Description at lot-tissimo.com , accessed on September 1, 2013.
5. ^ Vittoria Zannoni: Una secessionista mitteleuropea a Castelfranco Veneto. Opera 1909–1913, Studio Mondi, April 12 to May 18, 2003.
6. ^ Family tree of the Zais family. Wiesbaden City Archives
7. ↑ Collections & Exhibitions .
8. ↑ This picture is now in the Landesmuseum Joanneum : online  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on August 31, 2013.  
9. ↑ Else Lasker-Schüler: Works and Letters. Critical edition. Jewish publishing house
10. ^ Karl Jürgen Skrodzki: Lederer, Fritz in. Friendship with Else Lasker-Schüler. Dedications, portraits, letters - a source-historical directory of the poet's works and letters. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
11. ^ Karl-Heinz Meißner Alfred Kubin, exhibitions from 1901 to 1959, Edition Spangenberg, Munich 1990
12. ↑ Catalog of the first exhibition of the Free Secession Berlin 1914, 1st edition, published by the “Exhibition House on Kurfürstendamm” GmbH, Berlin W. Victoriastrasse 35
13. ^ Gerhard Wietek: Georg Tappert 1880–1957, A trailblazer for German modernism, Verlag Karl Thiemig, Munich
14. ↑ German Art and Decoration, Volume 34, 1914
15. ↑ Der Kunstwanderer: magazine for old and new art, for art market and collecting, ed. Adolph Donath , Volume XI, page 403, 1928
16. ↑ International Studio, Volume 41, Issue 161-164, pages 280,282; New York Offices of the International Studio, 1910
17. ^ Thomas Corinth: Lovis Corinth A Documentation, Verlag Ernst Wasmuth Tübingen, 1979
18. ↑ Cicerone 1919, Volume 11, p. 782, Dr. Karl Schwarz old and new graphics
19. ^ Ines Walk: film-zeit.de: Portal about films & film people in front of and behind the camera . December 1st, 2008.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
20. ^ Center for Holocaust & Genocide Studies .
21. ↑ History - The Jewish Cemetery. From the city website of Kynšperk nad Ohří, accessed on August 31, 2013.
22. ↑ ostracized, persecuted - forgotten? Art and Artists in National Socialism. Works from the Gerhard Schneider Collection. ( Memento of the original from January 24, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 151 kB) Press kit from the Stadtmuseum Berlin Foundation, accessed on September 1, 2013. 
23. ^ Museum Baden: Journey into "Lost". Solinger Tageblatt, accessed on September 1, 2013.
24. ↑ Amnon, Lev (Karl Löbl) In: Fates and faces of Cheb. From the encyclopedia of the city of Cheb, accessed September 1, 2013.
25. ↑ Jiří Vykoukal, Dagmar Thomaschke (transl.): Fritz Lederer: the forgotten painter. Exhibition catalog. Kynšperk nad Ohří, September 3 to September 30, 2008. ( Listed online: Archive link ( Memento of the original from November 11, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link accordingly Instructions and then remove this notice. ) 
26. ^ Description on the museum website, accessed September 1, 2013.