National football team of the British Mandate Palestine
The national football team of the British mandated territory of Palestine was the national team of the League of Nations Mandate for Palestine , which the area in A-international matches in football represented. The team played a total of five encounters between 1934 and 1940.
history
1917–1923: historical background
The area of the League of Nations Mandate for Palestine was part of the Ottoman Empire for centuries until the First World War . 1917 conquered United Kingdom on the Palestinian front , the Palestine region and occupied them. At the Sanremo Conference in April 1920, Palestine was awarded on both sides of the Jordan River . Initially, the mandate came from the Allied Supreme War Council ; on July 24, 1922, the League of Nations ratified the mandate for the " creation of a national home for the Jewish people in Palestine that is secure under public law ". The area of the League of Nations mandate originally included today's Israel , the Gaza Strip , the West Bank and today's Jordan , which was separated from the rest of the area on March 25, 1923 as Transjordan .
1924–1933: National association founded
At the end of 1924, the Maccabi Football Association was founded, but no British and Palestinian teams or Hapoel clubs belonged to it. The increasing popularity of football in 1925 led the Maccabi Football Association to apply for membership to the world football association FIFA on the initiative of Yosef Yekutieli . However, this was rejected on the grounds that a recognized football association in the field of Eretz Israel must include all ethnicities, both British and Arabs and Jews . In March and May 1928, two committees with members from different population groups were formed. On August 14, 1928, the founding meeting of the Eretz Israel Football Association (EIFA) took place in Jerusalem ; the meeting was attended by eleven men for Maccabi, three men for Hapoel and one man representing the Arabs. The British did not take part in the founding of the association, but later joined it. After it was founded, the Eretz Israel Football Association again applied for membership to FIFA. This accepted the association, which now represented all population groups in the area, as a provisional member in December 1928. On May 17, 1929, the association was accepted as a permanent member of the world football association. Despite this, there were still major discrepancies between Maccabi and Hapoel within the Eretz Israel Football Association .
1934–1937: First World Cup qualification attempt
In 1934 the national team of the British Mandate Palestine took part in qualifying for the World Cup in the same year. In Group 12, in which the national teams from the Middle East were brought together, they met Egypt in March and April . Originally, Turkey should also belong to the group, but they withdrew their team before the start of qualification.
Although about 75 percent of the Palestinian population were Arabs at the time, the national association was led by the Zionist Jews , who did not give the Arabs a say. This was also shown in the fact that the national team was coached by the Polish-born Jew Shimon "Lumek" Ratner , who emigrated to Palestine after his playing career at SC Hakoah Vienna . All of the players used in 1934 were born outside of the British Mandate Palestine and played at club level for Maccabi Hashmonayim Jerusalem , Hapoel Haifa or Hakoah Tel Aviv . Before the international matches , the Zionist hymn HaTikwa , which still serves as the Israeli national anthem, was played alongside God Save the King , the national anthem of the British colonial power . With no chance of being appointed to the national team, Armenians , Arabs and Arab Christians boycotted the association and founded a competing association, the Palestine General Sports Association (PSA). This lasted until the beginning of the Arab uprising in 1936.
On March 16, 1934, the first Palestinian international match took place on a British Army square in Cairo . The World Cup qualifier against the Egyptian national team in front of 13,000 spectators was led by Englishman Stanley Wells and ended with a clear 1: 7 defeat; Egypt had already led 4-0 at half-time. The first Palestinian goalscorer was Avraham Nudelmann , who made it 6-1. Three weeks later, on April 6, both teams met for the second leg on the Hapoel Tel Aviv square . The referee of the game played in front of 800 spectators was the Englishman John Goodski . After the British Mandate Palestine was again 0: 4 behind at halftime, they were able to cut back to 1: 4 in the second half. With two defeats and a goal difference of 2:11, the Palestinian team did not qualify for the World Cup in Italy.
1938–1940: Second World Cup qualification attempt and friendly match
The national team met Greece in the first round of World Cup qualification . After a 1: 3 in Tel Aviv-Jaffa and a 0: 1 in Athens , the team could not qualify for the 1938 World Cup. On January 22, 1940, the national team of the British Mandate Palestine played their only friendly match and at the same time the last international match in their history. It managed a 5-1 victory against Lebanon , the only point win by the national team.
recognition
- Today's Palestine as an Arab state has no connection with this Jewish delegation from Palestine, which is considered to be the forerunner of Israel as the first Jewish national team.
statistics
| Record player | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Games | player | ||
| 4th | Gdalyahu fox | ||
| 3 | Zalman Friedmann | ||
| 3 | Gaul Machlis | ||
| 3 | Avraham Nudelmann | ||
| 3 | Haim Reich | ||
| 3 | Yohanan Sukenik | ||
| 2 | a total of 8 players | ||
| 1 | a total of 22 players | ||
| Record goal scorers | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Gates | player | ||
| 2 | Herbert Meitner | ||
| 1 | Werner Kaspi | ||
| 1 | Gaul Machlis | ||
| 1 | Peri Neufeld | ||
| 1 | Avraham Nudelmann | ||
| 1 | Avraham Schneiderovitz | ||
| 1 | Yohanan Sukenik | ||
| 0 | a total of 29 players | ||
Individual evidence
- ^ Haim Kaufman, Yair Galily: The early development of Hebrew football in Eretz Israel, 1910–1928. ( Memento of the original from May 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Soccer & Society , Routledge , Issue 9, No. 1, January 2008, ISSN 1743-9590 , pp. 81-95 (90-91).
- ^ A b Hassanin Mubarak: Palestine - International Results - Details , in: rsssf.com , accessed on February 15, 2014 (English).
- ↑ Jean-Michel Cazal, Yaniv Bleicher: British Mandate of Palestine Official Games 1934-1948 , in: rsssf.com , accessed on February 15, 2014 (English).
- ↑ FIFA
