Garm (ship, 1913)
|
|
|---|---|
.jpg) The Garm |
|
| Overview | |
| Type | destroyer |
| Shipyard |
Marine shipyard , Horten , hull |
| Launch | May 27, 1913 |
| Commissioning | July 6, 1914 |
| Whereabouts | sunk by German aircraft on April 26, 1940 |
| Technical specifications | |
| displacement |
597 ts, |
| length |
69.2 m over everything |
| width |
7.3 m |
| Draft |
2.9 m |
| crew |
76 men |
| drive |
4 water tube boilers , |
| speed |
27.4 kn |
| Armament |
6 × 76 mm Armstrong rapid fire guns, |
| Coal supply |
105 t |
| Sister boats | |
The Garm was a small destroyer , known as a torpedo destroyer , of the Norwegian Navy , which served in the Norwegian Navy from 1914 to April 1940. The Garm was the first steam turbine ship in the Norwegian Navy.
Construction and technical data
The Garm was the third destroyer built for the Norwegian Navy and the last ship of the Draug- class. The three boats of the class - Draug , Troll and Garm - were ordered to replace the Valkyrjen , built near Schichau in 1896 , which, due to its inadequate speed of only 23 knots , its relatively weak armament and poor maneuverability, its main task of keeping foreign torpedo boats away from the Norwegian coast, had not grown.
The Garm expired on May 27, 1913 at the Navy Yard in Karljohansvern with the hull number 107 from the stack and was put into service on 6 July 1914th She was 69.2 m long and 7.3 m wide, had a 2.9 m draft and displaced 580 tons (standard). It was two Germania - steam turbines with a total of 8000 hp powered, which enabled a top speed of 27 knots, but had a substantial coal demand. The armament consisted of six 7.6 cm rapid-fire cannons in single installation (one on the forecastle, two on the right and left behind the bridge , two on the right and left immediately behind the fourth and last chimney, and one aft behind the boat crane), a 12 , 7 mm Colt Fla machine gun and three swiveling 45 cm torpedo tubes in individual installation (one each on the right and left of the second and third chimneys, one on the stern). The crew consisted of 76 men.
history
1914-1940
During the First World War , the Garm , like the other ships of the Norwegian Navy, served to ensure Norwegian neutrality and in the escort service for merchant ships in Norwegian coastal waters. After the end of the war, until 1927, the boat was mainly used to catch smugglers trying to bring alcohol into the country during the Norwegian prohibition .
In the 1930s the Garm , like its two sister ships , was mothballed for cost reasons , the Garm and the Troll in Horten , the Draug in Bergen . Although the three boats were already very out of date when the Second World War broke out, they were reactivated to ensure Norwegian neutrality , the Garm and the Troll on August 28th and the Draug on September 5th, 1939. However, it took a considerable amount of time to before the three boats were so outdated that they were ready for use again. However, they were only suitable for security, escort and guard duty.
1940
Altmark incident
The Garm was on 15 February 1940, the third Norwegian warship that the German tanker and supply ship Altmark stopped and inspected after the Altmark on their way home from the South Atlantic Norwegian territorial waters reached. On February 14, the ship was stopped twice by two different Norwegian torpedo boats , the Trygg and the Snøgg , and superficially checked without any objections. The chief of the 2nd Norwegian Sea Defense Section, Rear Admiral Carsten Tank-Nielsen , was not satisfied with this, as he knew about the British internees that the Altmark had on board, members of the crew of the ships attacked by the armored ship Admiral Graf Spee . He went with the Garm himself to Altmark in the Hjeltefjord and asked for a new examination. The German captain refused; his attempt to reach the German embassy in Oslo by radio was prevented by the Norwegians. At least Tank-Nielsen allowed the Altmark to continue south, accompanied by the small Norwegian torpedo boats Skarv and Kjell . The Altmark , which had been located by the Royal Navy due to the heavy radio traffic , was boarded in the Jøssingfjord on February 16 by the British destroyer Cossack , who freed the captured British seamen and killed seven Altmark crew members ( Altmark incident ).
Weser exercise company
At the beginning of the German invasion of Norway on April 9, 1940, the Garm was stationed under Captain S. Skjolden in Bergen , with her sister ships Draug and Troll administratively belonging to the 1st destroyer division (1st Jagerdivisjon) in the 2nd sea defense section (Central Norway). When the German Warship Group 3 entered Bergen, the Garm tried to get close enough to the light cruiser Königsberg for a torpedo attack , but got caught in the defense fire of the cruiser and had to turn away.
Coordinates: 61 ° 4 ′ 40.8 " N , 5 ° 49 ′ 55.2" E
Sinking
She escaped north and then operated with her sister ship Troll in the Sognefjord . There, on April 26, the two boats, anchored in a branch of the Sognefjord near Bjordal, were attacked by five German Air Force planes with around thirty bombs . Since they had no effective anti-aircraft armament, both ships were abandoned by their crews when the air raid alarm sounded. The Troll survived the attack unscathed, but Garm , anchored nearby , was hit directly behind the forward funnel, and two of her torpedoes exploded. The old ship almost broke in two, then burned for hours and finally sank.
literature
- Frank Abelsen: Norwegian naval ships 1939–1945. Sem & Stenersen, Oslo, 1986, ISBN 82-7046-050-8 (norwegian & engl.).
- Nils Bjørnsson: Å være eller ikke være - Under orlogsflagget i den annen verdenskrig. Sjømilitære Samfund ved Forlaget Norsk Tidsskrift for Sjøvesen, Haakonsvern, 1994, ISBN 82-990969-3-6 (norweg.)
Web links
- Draug destroyers on navypedia
- Garm KNM on sjohistorie.no
Footnotes
- ^ Organization of Norwegian Marine Forces ( Memento of the original dated February 8, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Leo Niehorster : "Scandinavian Campaign: Administrative Order of Battle Royal Norwegian Navy 2nd Naval District" ( Memento of the original from May 12, 2012 on WebCite ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
