Gaya engine
The PT. Gaya Motor is an automobile and commercial vehicle manufacturer with headquarters in Jakarta , Indonesia, which has existed since February 3, 1927 . In 1998 the plant was acquired by PT. Astra Daihatsu Motor bought up. It has been a wholly owned subsidiary of PT ever since . Astra International Tbk. And currently the largest plant in the group.
Company history
Part of General Motors
In its early stages, the company was a wholly owned subsidiary of General Motors Company . The then KN Gaya Motor was at that time the first production site of the American group in the Asian region and was subject to the valid legal regulations of the Dutch East India . As a trade organization itself, General Motors had been represented on the local market since 1915. The only serious competitor was the Ford Malaya from the Federated Malay States . First the Chevrolet model Capitol was built here , which was later replaced by the new models Coach , Confederate , Master , Master Deluxe , Master Imperial , International as well as the Standard and Universal . From 1930 the company was renamed NV General Motors Java Handel Mij .
During the Second World War
After the United States and the Netherlands announced their participation in World War II on December 8, 1941 , all machines and equipment in the plant were requisitioned by the Dutch army. This was to prevent them from falling into enemy hands. The company and its remaining facilities have since been relocated near the city of Surakarta (Solo).
But the Japanese occupied the island of Java during the Pacific War and announced the official occupation on March 9, 1942 . On March 24, 1942, all machines and equipment were destroyed under military orders. The American and British military were all interned. At the end of the year, the American parent company made an investment to rebuild the production facilities of the internally named Batavia department.
Rebuilding
The reconstruction began only after the end of the Second World War, so that such a financial disaster could not be repeated. Production in Indonesia continued in 1946.
During the new start, 1,012 people worked in the company, which was one of the most important commercial enterprises in the country. A further 3,500 jobs were created through the 41 authorized dealers and the establishment of a chain of workshops and petrol stations. In view of the war damage, the predominant production was now the production of trucks, buses and pickups. Car production only made up about a quarter of total production. In addition, around 1,800 vehicles from the prewar period were repaired after the end of the war. From 1946 to 1953 alone, the Indonesian plant produced 23,471 vehicles. The most important products at that time were the 210 , the PV series and the Advance Design .
The liquidation
At a meeting of shareholders on April 14, 1956, it was decided to dissolve the company, which only existed on paper. The residence of the then company director, the operating and office equipment and six buildings belonging to the company were sold to the US embassy. The balance of the assets in the books of GM Java as well as the remaining buildings including the land were transferred to the newly formed state-owned company of PT in April 1955. Gaya Motor ceded.
New start with BMW under National Astra engine
Under the state reorganization, the company was now looking for a partner to continue automotive production. Due to the lack of investment, the equipment eventually became obsolete, so that the value of the work quickly lost its value. 1957 bought the PT. National Astra Motor with a sum of one million US dollars 60 percent of the plant. In 1962 the first serious negotiations began. The company was able to start work in the summer of 1967. At that time it was partly under the control of a holding company operating Jardine Matheson Holdings Ltd. who have negotiated with the PT. Tjahja Sakti Motor , a local trading subsidiary of Bayerische Motoren Werke AG . The first products from the plant were some of the Type 114 models that were delivered as CKD kits for assembly . In 1980 these were finally replaced by the revised 3-series . The second generation of the 3 series appeared in the mid-eighties. Unlike in Europe, the local models continued to be built until shortly before the turn of the millennium and ranked in the model range parallel to the more modern E36 . At the turn of the year these were replaced by the fourth generation . After weaker demand, the 5 series finally took its place. After a conversion through an investment by the BMW Group, the company's own production of vehicle parts, especially the body, began on February 5, 2008. But the following year the model was replaced by the current 3 series . After a further investment, with which a second assembly line was built, the production of the 5 series was continued in spring 2011 .
Production of the PPE
In the 1970s, the French PSA Peugeot Citroën finally started negotiations at government level. In 1979, full production of the Citroën GSA Pallas started at the Gaya Motor plant, which at that time was the only state-owned automobile manufacturer in Indonesia. Unlike in Europe, the Indonesian version was a hybrid between the GS and the later GSA.
Ultimately , Peugeot wanted to build on the success of the Citroën brand , which was the successor with two car models, but all of which were again exclusively assembled. On the one hand, there was the small car 205 and, on the other hand, the medium-sized sedan 505 . The 405, which was introduced two years later and is more contemporary, was built on the same platform . The successor to the notchback sedan was finally followed by the 406 in 1999 . The small car, on the other hand, was discontinued and replaced by the 806 minivan . This should especially compete against the popular in Asia minivans of the brands Nissan and Toyota . Since the French brand name is almost unknown in Asia, it only became a niche model. In line with this setback, the successor was again a small car from 2003. The 206 should polish up the image in the region. In order to achieve this goal, it was decided to completely manufacture the vehicle again in the ASEAN region. The choice fell on the one hand on Gaya Motor and on the other hand on the Malay Naza Corporation , which both manufacture 50 percent of the built-in vehicle parts and thus share production. In 2008 the model was replaced by the 308 , which in turn was delivered exclusively as a CKD kit.
A renewed production of Peugeot models started in the plant in spring 2011. The 207 model, which has been available in Indonesia for a long time, is now rolling off the assembly line, mainly as a hatchback (small car) and as a Sédan (notchback sedan). In order to attract additional customer groups, the station wagon and the coupé-cabriolet are also being assembled in smaller numbers. The successor to the unsuccessful 806 came at the same time as the new Expert , whose vehicle parts are said to come partly from Indonesian production. The Peugeot models are also sold in Indonesia through the PT. Tjahja Sakti Motor markets.
swell
- The story of General Motors in the GM Heritage Center (English)
- History of the PT. Astra International Tbk. (English)
Web links
- Official web address of the PT. Gaya Motor (not yet used)