English gorse

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English gorse
English gorse (Genista anglica)

English gorse ( Genista anglica )

Systematics
Eurosiden I
Order : Fabales (Fabales)
Family : Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily : Butterflies (Faboideae)
Genre : Gorse ( genista )
Type : English gorse
Scientific name
Genista anglica
L.

The English gorse ( Genista anglica ) is a species of the genus Gorse ( Genista ) in the subfamily of the butterflies (Faboideae).

description

Illustration from Flora Batava , Volume 2
inflorescence

Vegetative characteristics

The English gorse is a wintering green dwarf shrub and reaches heights of 30 to 40 centimeters. It forms simple, gray-green and bare leaves without stipules. The leaf blades are 3 to 7 millimeters long and up to 4 millimeters wide. The prostrate to ascending stems are not winged. Older branches are thorny. Young twigs are thornless and densely leafed.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from May to June. Short, racemose inflorescences are formed. The bracts are ovate and longer than the flower stalks. The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope .

The legume is glabrous and somewhat puffed up.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 42, less often 48.

ecology

The English gorse is a mesomorphic, woody Chamaephyte .

Occurrence and endangerment

The English gorse inhabits dwarf shrub heaths , nebula grass , silicate grasslands and forest fringes. It usually thrives on fresh, moderately nutrient and base-rich, lime- deficient , moderately acidic sandy or stony loam soils . Genista anglica is a characteristic of the plant communities of the sand gorse heather (Genisto anglicae-Callunetum) from the Genistion pilosae association in northern Germany . In the southern Black Forest it also occurs in societies of the Violion caninae association. The English gorse is considered endangered in some federal states of Germany.

Systematics

The first publication of Genista anglica was done by Carl von Linné .

Of Genista anglica there are about two subspecies:

  • Genista anglica L. subsp. anglica
  • Genista anglica subsp. ancistrocarpa (Spach) Maire : It occurs from Morocco to Spain and Portugal .

Common names

The name Stäckheide has also been handed down as a common name for Delmenhorst .

literature

  • Eckehart J. Jäger, Klaus Werner (Ed.): Excursion flora from Germany . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 10th edited edition. tape 4 : Vascular Plants: Critical Volume . Elsevier, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Munich / Heidelberg 2005, ISBN 3-8274-1496-2 .
  • Franz Fukarek , Heinz executioner : Flora of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Fern and flowering plants . Weissdorn, Jena 2006, ISBN 3-936055-07-6 .
  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 7th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1828-7 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Genista anglica L., English gorse. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 583.
  3. ↑ Data from ILDIS World Database of Legumes , 2005 at Genista anglica In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
  4. ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, p. 126 ( online ).

Web links

Commons : English gorse ( Genista anglica )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files