Gerhard Anton Gramberg

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Gerhard Anton Gramberg (born November 5, 1744 in Tettens ; † March 10, 1818 in Oldenburg ) was a city ​​and country physician in Oldenburg .

Gerhard Anton Gramberg
Gravestone at the Gertrudenfriedhof (Oldenburg)

Life

Professional career

Gramberg was the son of the clergyman Anton Gramberg (1695–1770) and Juliane Wilhelmine geb. Petersen (1707-1769). He attended grammar school in Jever and then studied medicine and medicine from 1762 to 1766 at the University of Göttingen . He did his doctorate with a thesis on pulmonary hemorrhage and worked as a general practitioner in Oldenburg, Denmark, from 1767. In 1771 he married Margaretha Sophia Jan (s) sen (1754–1829). The couple had six sons and four daughters, including the lawyer and poet Gerhard Anton Hermann Gramberg (1772-1816), who died young . In 1778 he was appointed court and garrison medic. In 1783 he became a chancellery and on February 5, 1792, Gramberg, nicknamed Plistonicus V, was elected a member (matriculation number 948) of the Leopoldina . In the same year he received the Cothenius Medal of the Leopoldina.

Gramberg had an unusually large specialist library for this time with 5295 volumes, 2114 of them in the medical field, which are now in the Oldenburg State Library . In 1800 and 1814 he participated in the implementation of medical reforms. He wanted to cure diseases not only with medication, but also fight the causes of the disease with sensible medical advice. He also campaigned for the introduction of midwifery lessons and vaccinations, and fought infectious diseases. In addition to his work as a doctor, Gramberg devoted himself as a follower of the Enlightenment to the fight against Kurpfuschertum , against prejudice and the superstition that diseases are a result of witchcraft and magic . He also worked as a publicist in the field of medicine.

Literary activity

Gramberg was part of a circle of friends u. a. with Helfrich Peter Sturz and Georg Christian Oeder . Gerhard Anton von Halem joined later and, like Gramberg, welcomed the French Revolution . Both were among the founders of the Literary Society in Oldenburg in 1779 and founded the magazine Blätter mixed contents in 1787 , which existed until 1797 and in which Halem and Gramberg also contributed as authors. Gramberg contributed the biography of Rector Johann Michael Herbart . He was also involved with Halem as a founder and employee of the Oldenburg magazine , which appeared from 1804 to 1807. With both sheets Gramberg and Halem addressed not only the intellectual upper class, but also explicitly to the bourgeoisie and the rural population and provided information on educational questions, land surveying and statistical problems. With the fight against superstition and diseases as well as legal, economic, historical and natural history articles, the magazines should serve the benefit and enjoyment of the readers in the interests of clarification.

Gramberg also published literary treatises and biographical sketches, for example about the enlightener Helfrich Peter Sturz , as well as poems. He conducted research on older German literature, such as the Nibelungenlied and Georg Rollehagen's Froschmeuseler . He also published in important journals outside of Oldenburg, such as in Friedrich Nicolai's General German Library , in Friedrich Schlegel's German Museum and with his poems in the Göttingen Musenalmanach .

Activity in the field of music

In the musical field, Gramberg initiated concerts that were held regularly and enjoyed great popularity. He founded the Oldenburg Collegium Musicum , in which he brought together singers from the citizenry with the local enthusiastic orchestra and the town musicians. Also the song No. 500 in Halem-Mutzenbecher's hymn book from 1792 ( God! Father of Nature! ) Comes from him.

Publications (selection)

  • Sheets of mixed contents . As editor together with GA von Halem. 6 vols., Oldenburg 1787–1797.
  • Oldenburg magazine . As editor together with GA von Halem. 4 vol., Oldenburg 1804–1807.
  • About the unusually frequent illnesses and deaths, their causes, and to what extent such should be prevented in the future as far as possible, noted in the Duchy of Oldenburg . Oldenburg 1808.
  • Measures against the spread of a smallpox epidemic . Oldenburg 1814.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Andreas Mettenleiter : Personal reports, memories, diaries and letters from German-speaking doctors. Supplements and supplements II (A – H). In: Würzburg medical history reports. 21, 2002, pp. 490-518; P. 509
personal data
SURNAME Gramberg, Gerhard Anton
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Plistonicus V.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Urban and rural physicist in Oldenburg
DATE OF BIRTH November 5, 1744
PLACE OF BIRTH Tettens
DATE OF DEATH March 10, 1818
Place of death Oldenburg (Oldb)