History of Hallerburg

The history of Hallerburg in what is now Lower Saxony probably began in the Middle Ages, since, according to place name research, the name Hallerburg was created during the Rode period between 800 and 1350 because of its ending -burg .

The Kasseler Heerstrasse

The Kasseler Heerstraße, which ran through Bodensen, Hallerburg and the inner courtyard of the “Hallerburg” castle, was used as a military road and trade route between southern and northern Germany since the 12th century. Since the 17th century it was considered the most important post road in Lower Saxony. In particularly secure places such as Alfeld, Dehnsen, Hallerburg and Pattensen, road money was levied. The residents of the nearby places were obliged to do manual and clamping services and had to repair and maintain the Heerstraße, as well as provide draft animals.

From 1768 to 1770 the section from Wülfingen to Thiedenwiese on the current route of the federal highway 3 was expanded as a "Chaussee" and the previous route from Wülfingen via Hallerburg to Thiedenwiese was closed.

Deserted soil

Because of the swampy location around the Haller, the local farmers lived in the village of Bodensen , which was located in the north of the Hallertal in a higher location near the old military road to Hanover and Göttingen. Here there were springs and a meadow area that was traversed by a stream. From Bodensen, the farmers cleared the forest on the valley slope and then cultivated the resulting field marrow , which led down the gentle slope to the Haller. The Böhnser Weg , mentioned in a document in 1369, crossed Heerstrasse and, as a church route , led to the St. Dionysius Church in the neighboring village of Adensen.

The village of Bodensen was, according to the ending in the place name -sen (= group settlement), founded during the expansion period (Old Saxon land expansion in the early medieval clearing period between 500 and 800 AD). Bodensen is mentioned in medieval documents in the years 1300, 1322 and 1344. Around 1360 the farmers gave up Bodensen and moved to the village of Hallerburg, founded around 1360, which was built next to Hallerburg Castle. The reason for the abandonment of Bodensen was the transfer of the originally free farms in Lehnsland and later in Meierland, which was dependent on the landlord. As a replacement for the abandoned courtyards, large, efficient Meierhöfe were built in Hallerburg.

Hallerburg Castle and the village of Hallerburg are formed

Hallerburg as heir to the rule of Adenoy

The place Hallerburg lies between the two places Alferde and Adensen. The von Adenoys family ruled Adensen from 1124 to 1322. Their rule was limited to the village of Adensen, the neighboring villages and the places Pussensen and Bodensen. Johann III. von Adenoys, who had no sons, returned his feudal property to the Bishop of Minden on March 9, 1322 . The bishop then lent the feudal property to Count Gerhard von Hallermunt, the grandson of John II of Adenoys. With this, the tasks of the court and the administration of the former rule of Adenoy passed to the Counts of Hallermunt in Hallerburg.

Hallerburg Castle on Hallerinsel

It is not known when Hallerburg Castle was built. It was first mentioned in a document in 1362. The Duke Wilhelm of Braunschweig and Lüneburg, a Guelph , had the “Hallerburg” castle built on the Hallerinsel so that the deposit duty and road duty could be levied on those passing through. On both sides of the passage to the village of Hallerburg, four Meierhöfe were built as forecourts to secure this access to the castle. In 1365, Duke Wilhelm of Braunschweig and Lüneburg acquired these four outbuildings that were supposed to protect his castle. For him, the “Hallerburg” was just an investment. If he lacked money, he borrowed money from a nobleman and gave him the “Hallerburg” as a deposit lock. His income from the castle consisted mainly of customs at the Haller crossing, the taxes of the four Meierhöfe and the tithe tax from the field mark of the former village of Bodensen, which were now managed by the farmers in Hallerburg.

The “Hallerburg” castle was besieged in 1428 by Otto Claudus, Duke of Lüneburg, and destroyed in 1519 in the Hildesheim collegiate feud . Until 1970 you could see a square with a side length of almost fifty meters surrounded by ditches.

The Adenser Gohe and the Gohgräfe in Hallerburg

Map with the judicial district of Hallerburg in 1645

After the destruction of the Hallerburg, the tasks of the court and the administration of the former rule of Adenoy for the years 1523 to 1852 were transferred to the Welf Office of Calenberg. During this time the "Adenser Gohe" existed, which included the places Adensen, Alferde, Boitzum, Hallerburg, Holtensen, Sorsum, Wittenburg, Wülfingen and Wülfinghausen. In Adensen worked from 1523 to 1609 an administrative, documentary and court official, the so-called Gohgräfe , who was responsible for the “Adenser Gohe” . From 1610 to 1852 the "Gohgräfe" worked in Hallerburg. Since 1668 he no longer worked in Hallerburg - as before - in his private house, but in the office building that was then on the western side of what is now “Hallerstrasse” in front of Haller. In front of the former location of the office building there is still the original boundary stone on the roadside and a courtyard building by Fritz Lampe on the left. In 1852 the "Adenser Gohe" was dissolved. The Calenberg Office was then responsible for the administration of Adensen and Hallerburg and the Calenberg District Court for judicial matters . In 1885 the district of Springe was formed from the offices of Calenberg and Springe. The district court of Calenberg was merged with the district court of Elze in 1939 .

The conflagration of October 4, 1667

Hallerburg expanded through the construction of Kötnerei . In the 16th century, the division of three Meierhöfe resulted in six Kötnerei. On October 4, 1667, a fire broke out that laid four farms to rubble and ashes and destroyed a large part of Hallerburg. Later three farms were rebuilt; the fourth farm was only built in 1877, after the lands of this farm had been leased for 210 years. The arable land of the Hallerburger Höfe in 1982 totaled 226.15 hectares .

The end of the old military road

From 1768 to 1770 the old Heerstraße was replaced by the Göttinger Chaussee, the current Bundesstraße 3 . It was led along the Adenser Berg above Adensen and Hallerburg. In the coupling of 1875, the route of the old military road in the Feldmark was removed. It ran in Hallerburg over the streets "Burgweg", "Hallerstraße" and "Am Tiergarten".

The Hallerburger Kirchweg

For five hundred years there was no connection road from Hallerburg to Adensen. Only a footpath and bridle path through the fields was used. This narrow path was called "Hallerburger Kirchweg". It probably began in Hallerburg at the intersection of “Hallerstraße” and “Burgweg”, led across the corner from “Hirtenweg” and “Grenzweg” through the Feldmark to the street “Am Pfarrkamp” in Adensen. Later the “Hallerburger Kirchweg” was plowed up to the chagrin of the users.

Hallerstrasse

The thoroughfare that led from Adensen through Hallerburg and from the end of the village to Alferde was not built until the middle of the 19th century. If you stand today on "Hallerstraße" at the location of the former Hallerbrücke, which was built in 1747 and removed in 1970, you can see the former eastern course of the northern Haller arm towards the east between the farms, that to the right in the east of Hallerburg next to the Vollmeierhof Severin turned to the southern Hallerarm. If you look south on the K 505 bypass, you can see between two rows of trees the former course of the northern Haller arm to the southern Haller arm, in which the Haller now flows.

Former garbage dump in Adensen and Hallerburg

The former garbage dump of Adensen and Hallerburg from the second third of the 20th century, covered by a meadow, lies between Adensen and Hallerburg and is bordered by the Vollmeierhof Severin and the streets "Hallerstraße", "Hallerburger Straße" and the "Kreisstraße K 505". This meadow is used as a horse pasture, as a place for the Easter bonfire and for the village festivals.

Former sewage treatment plant in Adensen and Hallerburg and drinking water production

The former sewage treatment plant of Adensen and Hallerburg is located south of the former garbage dump between the Haller and the district road K 505. After the incorporation of Adensen and Hallerburg in Nordstemmen, the wastewater from both places was led to the sewage treatment plant of Nordstemmen. Up until this point in time, the drinking water from Adensen and Hallerburg was obtained from Marienberg, but after the incorporation in Nordstemmen it was connected to the local soft drinking water from the Okertalsperre.

Regulation of the Haller and construction of the K 505 district road

Hallerburg was regularly flooded during floods because the northern arm of the Haller flowed through the middle of the now densely built-up village. It was not until 1970 that the K 505 district road was built as a bypass road for Adensen and Hallerburg. The northern arm of the Haller was shut down, the southern arm of the Haller was diked on the outskirts of Hallerburg and the K 505 was led past the dyke height on the south side of Hallerburg. Since then, the K 505 has passed through the former location of the Hallerburg. On the side of the road, only a few remains of the Hallerburg foundation are visible between the grasses.

Joint participation of the towns of Hallerburg and Adensen

The citizens of Hallerburg and Adensen have been attending church services in the St. Dionysius Church in Adensen since the church was built ; they use the village shop , the handicraft businesses, the companies, the sports field, the multi-purpose hall, the school and the day-care center in Adensen . This created close partnerships, which can also be seen in the shared participation in the clubs and village festivals. During the territorial reform, both places decided to join the unified municipality of Nordstemmen . The farmers said at the time that the advantage of Nordstemmen was the sugar factory; it is important for local farmers.

Preservation of Hallerburg and Adensen's own identity

The own identity of both places should be preserved. That is why the free land between Adensen and Hallerburg was not built on. Both places received their own electoral chambers and their own political representatives: Adensen his local council with the local mayor and Hallerburg his mayor.

literature

• August Kreipe: Adensen-Hallerburg. Village history from the country between Deister and Leine. Gerstenberg, Hildesheim 1927.
• Werner Spieß : The Grand Bailiwick of Calenberg. Studies and preparatory work for the Historical Atlas of Lower Saxony, issue 14. Göttingen 1933.
• Achim Gercke : The structural change in agriculture in the 14th century. The cause of the desert period and the formation of the Meierhof in the Calenberger Land. Hildesheim 1972 (Lower Saxony Yearbook for State History, 44).
• Achim Gercke: Adensen and Hallerburg. The history of Adenoy's rule in the Calenberger Lande. From the farmer's fiefs and the creation of the Meierhöfe to the present day. Self-published, Adensen 1985.
• Achim Gercke: Adensen and Hallerburg. The history of the farms and houses and their owners. Hanover 1990 (German Ortssippenbücher. Series B, Volume 64. Special publication 23rd Lower Saxony Regional Association for Family Studies.)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Flurnamenlexikon zur Flurnamenkarte Alferde" contained in the "Flurnamenammlung des Landkreises Hannover". Editor: Heinz Weber. Published by the Hanover district in spring 1986.