Giacomo Filippo Maraldi

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Giacomo Filippo Maraldi (born August 21, 1665 in Perinaldo , † December 1, 1729 ; also Jacques Philippe Maraldi and Jacopo Filippo Maraldi ) was a Franco-Italian astronomer and mathematician . He was the nephew of Giovanni Domenico Cassini and the uncle of Jean-Dominique Maraldi (Maraldi II).

Most of his life he worked at the Paris Observatory (1687-1718). From 1702 he was a member of the Academy of Sciences in Paris.

From 1700 to 1718 he worked on a catalog of fixed stars .

From 1672 to 1719 he extensively studied Mars . He discovered the north polar cap of Mars in 1704. The polar cap was discovered by Christiaan Huygens in 1672 . He was able to determine the period of rotation of Mars at 24 hours 39 minutes.

He also discovered R Hydrae , a variable star . He realized that the corona visible during total solar eclipses belongs to the sun.

From 1700 to 1718 he took part in the French degree measurement .

In 1710 he discovered that the diamond-shaped panels of the honeycomb always show the same angles, namely 109 ° 28 'for the obtuse angle and 70 ° 32' for the acute angle.

1723 he observed - as eight years earlier Joseph-Nicolas Delisle - a wave-optical effect, but largely forgotten and only almost one hundred years later to the French Academy of Sciences by Augustin-Jean Fresnel made theoretically explainable by Siméon Denis Poisson found , was proven again by François Arago and is now mostly referred to as the Poisson spot .

From 1699 he was a member of the Académie des Sciences. The Mons Maraldi on the Earth's moon is named after him.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Giacomo Filippo Maraldi: Diverses expèriences d'optique in: Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences , Imprimerie impériale, 1723, page 111
  2. ^ List of members since 1666: Letter M. Académie des sciences, accessed on January 18, 2020 (French).
personal data
SURNAME Maraldi, Giacomo Filippo
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Maraldi, Jacques Philippe; Maraldi, Jacopo Filippo; Maraldi, Giacomo Filipo
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Franco-Italian astronomer and mathematician
DATE OF BIRTH August 21, 1665
PLACE OF BIRTH Perinaldo
DATE OF DEATH December 1, 1729