Gisela Jacobius

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Gisela Jacobius , b. Scheer (born November 2, 1923 in Berlin ; † December 18, 2011 there ) was one of 1,400 Berlin Jews who survived the Nazi era in hiding. From 1990 she became involved as a contemporary witness to keep memories alive.

Life

Gisela Jacobius was the daughter of medium shopkeepers in Berlin born and lived up to the " seizure " of the Nazis in 1933 an undisturbed, non-religious and non-political childhood. She was prevented from attending the Victoria Upper Lyceum because of her Jewish descent and attended the Jewish Middle School on Grosse Hamburger Strasse (now the Jewish High School Berlin ). She left school before secondary school and began training as a tailor and fashion illustrator. In the fashion school of the Jewish community in Berlin, formerly Feige-Strassburger fashion school, she also met Stella Goldschlag . In order to circumvent the order of the National Socialists , she changed her first name from Gisela to Zilla, a first name declared by the Nazis as Jewish, instead of using the name Sara in addition to her actual first name. In her free time she attended concerts and performances by the Jewish Cultural Association . In 1941 she was used for forced labor in the Gu-Krau insole factory in the Wedding district . After several failed attempts to leave the country, to Luxembourg in 1940, or Gisela Jacobius to Cuba in 1941 alone, the family went underground on January 9, 1943. With the help of 15 to 20 helpers , friends, colleagues or former customers of her parents, she managed to survive. She experienced the moral courage of individuals in a very memorable way. For her

“[…] These were all signs that some of the people did not agree with what happened, what was ordered from above. As I said, there have been a number of gestures on the part of the population that have given us courage. "

But Gisela Jacobius also experienced the fanatical racial hatred of the Germans. As a person in hiding, she was directly dependent on her helpers, who sometimes wanted to take advantage of it. At the end of the war, the family hid with a Swedish SS man and his wife in the basement of the Swedish Victoria parish in Berlin-Wilmersdorf . After the war, based on their forged Swedish passports, the family was transported to Moscow and then to several POW camps : to a camp for foreigners near Krasnogorsk , to a camp in Stalinogorsk and, after their Jewish identity was established, to a model camp near Brest-Litovsk . The Jakob / Scheer family was only able to return to Berlin in 1946.

In 1949 Jacobius emigrated to Israel with her father , but returned to Berlin in 1953 due to an incorrectly treated penicillin allergy. In 1954 she married the man she had met in Israel and had a son in 1958. From 1990 she became involved in events as a contemporary witness to keep memories alive and to get young people to think. For them it was not a problem to live in the “land of the perpetrators”. She saw Berlin as her hometown.

literature

  • Magrit Delius: Gisela Jacobius - as a Jew in Berlin. "... we went underground on January 9, 1943." Hentrich & Hentrich, Teetz 2005, ISBN 978-3-933471-88-8 (= Jewish memoirs. Volume 10).
  • I was a pretty naughty girl, this was my chance. In: Tina Hüttl; Alexander Meschnig (Ed.): You won't get us. Hidden as children - Jewish survivors tell. Piper, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-492-05521-5 , pp. 157-174; Short biography on page 175.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Obituary notice. Berliner Morgenpost , December 24, 2011, accessed on August 30, 2012 .
  2. ↑ Lifesavers under the swastika - How Germans helped persecuted Jews. at 3sat .de
  3. ↑ Guidelines on the use of first names
  4. ^ Gisela Jacobius - As a Jew in Berlin, Margrit Delius, Hentrich & Hentrich, Teetz 2005, p. 29, ISBN 978-3-933471-88-8 (= Jewish memoirs . Volume 10).
  5. ^ Jews in Berlin 1938–1945 , Beate Meyer, Hermann Simon, Chana C. Schütz, Stiftung Neue Synagoge Berlin Centrum Judaicum , Philio, Berlin 2000, p. 91, ISBN 3-86572-168-0
personal data
SURNAME Jacobius, Gisela
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Scheer, Gisela (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Holocaust survivors
DATE OF BIRTH November 2, 1923
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH December 18, 2011
Place of death Berlin