Goethe School Einbeck
| Goethe School Einbeck | |
|---|---|
| type of school | high school |
| founding | around 1532 |
| address |
Schützenstrasse 1 |
| place | Einbeck |
| country | Lower Saxony |
| Country | Germany |
| Coordinates | 51 ° 49 '22 " N , 9 ° 52' 6" E |
| student | around 800 (school year: 2016/17) |
| Teachers | around 65 (school year: 2016/17) |
| management | Hartmut Bertram |
| Website | www.goetheschule-einbeck.de |
The Gymnasium Goetheschule Einbeck has only had this name since 1949. As a school of the council ( Schola senatoria ), however, it was founded as a municipal Latin school during the Reformation in the 16th century . The only grammar school in the city of Einbeck was attended by around 800 students in 2014.
history
Latin school of the Reformation up to the 18th century
Since the 13th century there was already an important Latin school of the Alexander-Stift in Einbeck. The monastery had obtained a contractual guarantee from the sovereign, the Principality of Grubenhagen , that no further schools would be allowed to be founded in and around Einbeck. During the Reformation, the Protestant citizens fought for equality with the sovereign, which was recorded in the Einbeck religious treaty of November 19, 1529. Around 1532 the council founded a school in Neustadt for Protestant students, in deliberate contrast to the still Catholic collegiate school. Luther sent his student Magister Clemens to do this. From 1533 to 1540 Arnold Tetzler from Lauenstein, also a student of Luther and Melanchthon , directed the school. In the summer of 1540, the entire city was destroyed by fire, so that the students first had to go back to the collegiate school, which was subordinate to the sovereign. After disputes over competence between the council and the monastery, a new council school was finally inaugurated at the same location on Easter 1573; since then the city high school has existed without interruption until today. The first rector of the new council school with three teachers was Master's degree Christopherus Hünermundt from Göttingen , who also wrote the first school regulations in Latin.
At the end of the 16th century, the residents of the monastery freedom had the first free choice to send their children to the council school in the Neustadt. This is one of the reasons why the original school building soon became too small again despite the expansion. A two-story, representative school building was erected on the site of the former Maria Magdalenen monastery , which was inaugurated in November 1611 by Magister Georg Fathschild, who was rector from 1599 to 1618. Only the five-meter high Renaissance sandstone portal at the main entrance of the brewery's administration building has survived . In the architrave , which is supported by caryatids , the Trinity and the crowned Einbeck town mark are depicted in a medallion . The Latin inscription is written as a sapphic stanza .
A prominent student from 1618 was the later poet and linguist Justus Georg Schottelius . With seven classes and six teachers, the school was one of the larger schools in the country at that time. Lessons in the lower grades consisted of reading, writing and religion. In the higher grades Latin, music and finally Greek, Hebrew and logic were added. In the 17th and 18th centuries, the rectors regularly invited the city's dignitaries to a “school program” on certain dates in order to demonstrate the school's level of performance. Due to the Braunschweigisch-Lüneburg school regulations of 1737 according to the ideas of the Göttingen professor Gesner , the curriculum was expanded to include the subjects mathematics, history, geography and French. Due to the effects of the Thirty Years War , teachers were poorly paid and schools continued to deteriorate. Efforts to unite the council school and the collegiate school failed in 1748. The council school had about 150 students, three times as many as the increasingly insignificant collegiate school, which had to give up its top class, the Latin class. Even during the Seven Years' War , the council school was able to gain reputation, students and teachers. The chronicler Harland has listed the principals and teachers of the school up to the middle of the 18th century.
Second class secondary school in the 19th century
In 1801 compulsory schooling was introduced in Einbeck by the magistrate ; the two lower classes were to Bürgerschule explains thus the Latin School had only the top three classes. During the French occupation of the city from 1803 to 1813, the situation worsened. Due to a lack of money, no suitable teachers could be found and no rector could be appointed between 1816 and 1823. Until 1834, Pastor Ahrens had at least one acting head. In this situation, the royal school administration proposed to the government in Hanover that it should dispense with a higher scholarly school in Einbeck, as there were enough corresponding facilities in Northeim, Göttingen, Osterode and Clausthal. In 1826, a fire in Neustadt also largely destroyed the school building - the students had to move "temporarily" to the orphanage on Baustraße for a quarter of a century, as the city built a brewery on the old site.
In 1829 the Kingdom of Hanover introduced the Abitur examination at the grammar schools, but due to its limited performance, the Ratsschule received only the status of a Progymnasium with eleven others, i.e. a secondary school at which the Abitur could not be taken. At that time, 83 pupils attended the Progymnasium, around a tenth of all Einbeck pupils. Friedrich Kohlrausch inspected the Einbeck Ratsschule several times as head of the school system in the Kingdom of Hanover. According to Kohlrausch, the progressive Rector Hansen (Rector 1845–1849) "had the students all work together, which is why there was a lively life in the whole class, which could appear to be a disorder with another teacher". Rector Hansen also introduced real subjects, for example technology and physical education, for the first time.
In 1850, all schools in the city moved into a new school building on Möncheplatz after the last remains of the former Augustinian monastery there had been demolished. Under the long-standing leadership (1849–1877) of the conservative Rector Georg Schambach from Göttingen, the number of Latin students rose again. In 1866 a higher middle school was set up to compete with the Progymnasium, so that the Progymnasium first had to move to Baustraße and from 1874 to a newly built building at Hullerser Tor. After joining Prussia , school life was heavily regulated and in 1868 the school with its seven teachers was converted into a higher middle school with Latin as a compulsory subject. According to the Prussian school regulations of 1882, the school was now called Realprogymnasium , due to the still missing high school graduation classes ( Prima ).
Full-fledged secondary school in the 20th century
Under Bernhard Lenk, Rector from 1890 to 1906, the Realprogymnasium was expanded into a full-fledged Realgymnasium with well-known teachers and the first Abitur exams were taken in 1904. The number of students rose to over 250 by 1909. In 1908, the grammar school moved into the new building in neo-Gothic style in Schützenstrasse, which is still in use today. During the First World War, teachers were called up for military service without replacement, the gymnasium was at times a hospital and lessons were often canceled in winter due to a lack of coal. From 1922 on, girls also attended the Realgymnasium for the first time, the evening “curfew” for pupils was omitted and there was a “pupil committee”, the first democratic self-government for pupils. In 1924, English was introduced as the first foreign language (from the 5th grade), while Latin was only introduced from the 10th grade. Numerous study groups such as philosophy, Spanish, chemistry, history and local studies were also offered. At the so-called Reformrealgymnasium, the corresponding Abitur exams, around 20 per year, were taken from 1933. A third of the students left school with middle school leaving certificate.
From 1933 there were no more school and sports festivals. Almost all teachers joined the Nazi teachers 'association and the NSDAP, but Johannes Söhl, director from 1922 to 1945, did not implement the National Socialists' demands that Jews and half-Jews be expelled from school with children with significant physical defects and girls. In 1937 the Reformrealgymnasium was converted into a high school for boys and one year later the high school time was reduced to eight years without any shortening of material. During the Second World War, more than half of the teachers were drafted and in 1943 the building had to be evacuated for hospital purposes within four days - the school moved into the outbuilding of the nearby Pestalozzi elementary school. The number of pupils increased due to the dissolution of the Cecilienschule for girls and evacuees from other cities. As in the First World War, lessons were often canceled in winter. Schools were interrupted from April to October 1945.
The first years after the war were characterized by a high number of pupils (around 500 pupils), a severe shortage of space and high fluctuation among teachers. It was not until 1947 that the previous building on Schützenstrasse could be moved back into, and on May 10, 1949, the city council of Einbeck decided to change it to the current name of the Goetheschule . From 1953 the 13th class ( upper prima ) was set up again and in the upper school one could choose between a linguistic and a mathematical-scientific branch. In 1954 the teachers were taken over into the state service, since then the city has only been responsible for the building and the equipment as the school authority. School fees ceased in 1960, and ten-day trial lessons were abolished in 1965. In the 1970s the number of students reached almost 1,000 in 37 classes, after which it decreased again, u. a. by introducing the orientation level , which was abolished in 2004.
Goethe School today
With around 800 students and 70 teachers, the Goetheschule Einbeck is now a rather smaller grammar school. In 2011, the Abitur was introduced after grade 12 . Since 2014, a high school diploma after grade 13 has been possible again. The range of courses is based on the number of hours table 2 for high schools in Lower Saxony.
Since 1965/66 there has been a student exchange with Einbeck's twin town Thiais in France, an exchange with the Polish twin town Paczków and, since the 1980s, a GAPP exchange with the high school in Ogden in the USA.
The Goetheschule is supported by the Friends of the Goetheschule Einbeck eV. There is an association for former Einbeck high school students / Goetheschüler eV (VE 2 R) and an alumni network.
At the first central high school diploma in Lower Saxony in 2006, the Goetheschule achieved sixth place among the public high schools nationwide. The result for the Goetheschule Einbeck was therefore the best of a high school in a city in Lower Saxony with fewer than 100,000 inhabitants. In the following years the evaluations were no longer published by the Ministry of Culture.
building
In 1907 the core building of today's school on Schützenstrasse was built in a neo-Gothic style. In the 1950s and 60s, the old building was significantly enlarged with three extensions. Since 2004, the old seminar building of the Pestalozzi elementary school has also been used as an "upper level building", as there was no longer enough space due to the addition of the 5th and 6th grades.
In the old building are u. a. the cafeteria, administration, staff room, auditorium and classrooms. In the new building there are classrooms, the break hall, the library and many specialist rooms. The course rooms for the upper level and the classrooms for the 10th grade are located in the upper level building across the street. Physical education takes place in the nearby sports facilities.
Personalities
Teachers and directors
- Ludwig Gottlieb Crome , Rector 1771
- Wilhelm Feise (1865–1948), German philologist, teacher and author
Known students
literature
- Goetheschule Einbeck (ed.): Goetheschule Einbeck. An information leaflet . Heinrich Rüttgerodt, Einbeck 1989.
Web links
- For the history of the Goetheschule on the website of the school of Adolf Radvan
- [1] Homepage of the Goethe School in Einbeck
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b H. L. Harland: History of the city of Einbeck: together with historical news about the city and the former county of Dassel, the villages, churches, chapels, monasteries, castles and noble seats around Einbeck . 2nd volume. H. Ehlers, Einbeck 1857.
- ↑ Horst Hülse: DI 42, No. 142 (†) . urn : nbn: de: 0238-di042g007k0014207 ( inschriften.net ).
- ↑ http://www.mk.niedersachsen.de/download/4745/_TOP_TEN_Durchschnitts Noten_Zentralabitur.pdf
- ↑ Compare u. a .: Franz Kössler: Feise, Wilhelm Georg Ernst , in: Personal dictionary of teachers of the 19th century , professional biographies from school annual reports and school programs 1825 - 1918 with lists of publications, volume: Faber - Funge , preprint, status: 18. December 2007, Giessen University Library, Giessen Electronic Library, 2008; online as a PDF document