Gould elf

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Gould elf
Gould elf

Gould elf

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Sailor birds (Apodiformes)
Family : Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Tribe : Coquettes (Lophornitini)
Genre : Lophornis
Type : Gould elf
Scientific name
Lophornis gouldii
( Lesson, RP , 1832)

The gould elf ( Lophornis gouldii ) is a species of bird from the hummingbird family (Trochilidae) that occurs in Brazil and Bolivia . The population is rated as vulnerable by the IUCN .

features

The Gouldelfe reaches a body length of about 6.8 to 7.6 cm, with a weight of about 2.4 and 2.8 g. The male has a red straight bill with a black tip. The front top of the head glistens golden green, the dark crest is reddish brown. The rest of the top is bronze green with a white band across the rump. The throat glistens emerald green, the elongated hair-like tufts are white with green spots. The rest of the underside is greyish green. The central bronze-green control feathers and the remaining reddish brown tail feathers with bronze-green tips and hems form a square tail shape. The female lacks the tufts and the comb. Otherwise it resembles the male on the upper side but has a slightly stronger bronze tint. The throat is reddish brown, the rest of the underside a washed out grayish green color. The square tail is dark bronze, a color that merges into reddish brown towards the end. Young birds are similar in color to the females.

Behavior and nutrition

There is no reliable data on the nectar obtained by the Gouldian elf. It is believed that it flies to flowers similar to the ornamental elf. As a trapliner, it flies regularly in quick succession to very specific, scattered flowers.

Vocalizations

The Gould Elf is usually quiet. She gives a short tsip when she eats . Their wing flapping sounds similar to that of the bees.

Reproduction

The Gould Elf breeding season runs from December to April. The nest is about 15 mm high. The outer radius is approx. 30 mm, the inner radius approx. 22 mm. The approx. 0.35 g heavy eggs are approx. 12 × 8 mm in size. The breeding period is 14 days and hatching occurs by the female. The nestlings fledge after 22 days.

distribution and habitat

Distribution area of ​​the Gould Elfe

They prefer to move on the edges of the forest, in savannas and cerrado at altitudes between sea level and 800 meters.

Systematics

The species is monotypical .

migration

The gould elf is probably a resident bird . More detailed information on their migration behavior has not been researched.

Etymology and history of research

Gould elfe illustrated by Jean-Gabriel Prêtre as part of the first description

The Gould Elf was first described in 1832 by René Primevère Lesson under the scientific name Ornismya gouldii . Lesson had received from Charles Stokes (1783-1853) a drawing of a specimen from the collection of George Loddiges (1786-1846), on which this description is based. Lesson did not know where the type specimen came from. In 1829 Lesson introduced the new genus Lophornis, among other things, for the ornamental elf . "Lophornis" is made up of the Greek words "lophos λόφος " for "crown, forehead" and "ornis όρνις " for "bird". The species name "gouldii" is dedicated to John Gould , the author of A Century of Birds from the Himalaya Mountains .

literature

  • Thomas Züchner, Guy Maxwell Kirwan, Peter Boesman in: Josep del Hoyo , Andrew Elliott, Jordi Sargatal , David Andrew Christie , Eduardo de Juana: Dot-eared Coquette (Lophornis gouldii) in Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive . Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Les Trochilidées ou les Colibris et Les Oiseaux-Mouches Suivis d'un index général dans lequel sont décrites et classées méthodiquement toutes les races et espèces du genere Trochilus. Ouvrage orné de planches dessinées et gravées par les meilleurs artistes 66 plates (Prêtre, Antoine Germaine Bévalet) . Arthus-Bertrand, Paris ( biodiversitylibrary.org - 1832-1833).
  • René Primevère Lesson : Histoire naturelle des oiseaux-mouches, ouvrage orné de planches desinées et gravée par les meilleurs artistes et dédié A SAR Mademoiselle. - 85 plates (Prêtre, Antoine Germaine Bévalet, Marie Clémence Lesson after Louis Pierre Vieillot, Antoine Charles Vauthier after William Swainson, Pancrace Bessa , Elisa Zoé Dumont de Sainte Croix) . Arthus-Bertrand, Paris ( biodiversitylibrary.org - 1829-1830).
  • Edward Clive Dickinson, Leslie K. Overstreet, Robert Jack Dowsett, Murray Duncan Bruce: Priority! The Dating of Scientific Names in Ornithology . Aves Press Limited, Northampton 2012, ISBN 978-0-9568611-1-5 .

Web links

Commons : Gould Elfe ( Lophornis gouldii )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Thomas Züchner u. a.
  2. ^ IOC World Bird List Hummingbirds
  3. ↑ a b René Primevère Lesson (1832–1833), pp. 103–104, plate 36.
  4. ↑ René Primevère Lesson (1829-1830), pp. Xxxvii
  5. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 230

Remarks

  1. ↑ For the publication history of the work, see Edward Clive Dickinson u. a. P. 120f. The work appeared in 14 deliveries from 1832 to 1833. Pages 97 to 112 (delivery 7) appeared in December 1832.
  2. ↑ Lesson categorized Ornismya Nattereri a synonym for the hyacinth visorbearer ( Augastes scutatus ( Temminck , 1824)), Ornismya petasophora a synonym for the white-vented violetear ( Colibri serrirostris ( Vieillot , 1816)), Ornismya delalandii a synonym for the Grünhaubenelfe ( Stephanoxis lalandi ( Vieillot , 1818)), Ornismya cristata a synonym for the Antilles hood Hummingbird ( Orthorhyncus cristatus ( Linnaeus , 1758)), Ornismya ornata a synonym for Schmuckelfe ( Lophornis ornatus ( Boddaert , 1783)), Ornismya strumaria synonymous with frilled coquette ( Lophornis magnificus ( Vieillot , 1817)) and Ornismya vieillotii a synonym for butterfly elf ( Lophornis chalybeus ( Temminck , 1821)) in the new genus.
  3. ↑ For the publication history of the work, see Edward Clive Dickinson u. a. S. 117. The work was published in 17 deliveries from 1829 to 1830. S. XXV-Xl appeared in December 1829