Graefenberg (Spessart)
| Graefenberg | ||
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.JPG) The Graefenberg from the west |
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| height | 363.6 m above sea level NN | |
| location | Aschaffenburg district (Bavaria) | |
| Mountains | Spessart | |
| Dominance | 1.5 km → Rottenberg | |
| Notch height | 87 m | |
| Coordinates | 50 ° 1 '57 " N , 9 ° 13' 50" E | |
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| Type | Zeugenberg | |
| rock | Sandstone | |
 The western quarry on the summit of the Graefenberg |
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The Graefenberg is a 363.6 m high mountain in the Bavarian Spessart . It is located in the Aschaffenburg district south of Rottenberg . It is a witness mountain made of sandstone , which is surrounded by limestone . This is mined in a valley in Rottenberg. On the summit of the Gräfenberg there was once a castle of the Counts of Rieneck . Until after the Second World War was there in a quarry of sandstone mined. The south-western slopes are used for viticulture .
summit
The summit of the Graefenberg was used in different ages . This was confirmed by an excavation in autumn 2007.
Neolithic
In the Neolithic Age , the summit was used as a hunting ground and for logging. This could be proven by finds of arrowheads . A Neolithic settlement can, however, be ruled out.
Early middle ages
In the early Middle Ages there was a moat wall system on the Gräfenberg with a fortified, at least temporarily inhabited settlement. Early medieval ceramic remains were found during the excavation .
middle Ages
The Gräfenberg Castle , built shortly before 1260, had a massive curtain wall that encircled the entire complex and thus protected the residents. The approximately two meters thick and probably over ten meters high wall was integrated into the early medieval ring wall. It had a wooden battlement with a tiled roof. The buildings in the courtyard were made of stone and wood. The Aschaf valley could be overlooked from the then unwooded summit . The castle was razed and abandoned a few years after it was built.
Modern times
During the dismantling of the quarry, the last remains of a round tower and the entrance gate as well as around 80% of the ruins were destroyed in the middle of the 19th century . Some of the bricks were reused to build the houses and the church in Rottenberg. Around 1900 quarry workers are said to have found a stone tablet with an inscription and a coat of arms. This would have been spilled again by a landslide . According to the workers, the plate bore the coat of arms of the Counts of Rieneck . A recovery of the stone tablet was not financed due to the unreliability of the story. Such a stone tablet could not be found during the excavations in 2007. It is assumed that the record actually existed, but was dismantled and resold after it was found.
During the excavations, entire sections of the wall, roof tiles, stairs and gates could be exposed, so that the builders of the castle could determine the Counts of Rieneck. It can be assumed that the ruins on the Graefenberg are very likely the remains of the "Burg Landesehre" mentioned in connection with the Rienecker castle building ban.
legend
The forecast for living on the Graefenberg the lords of Griefenberg. On the opposite monastery mountain there was a castle of the befriended Knights Templar . There was a protective alliance between the inhabitants of the two mountains. The ringing of a bell should ensure mutual help in case of danger. The monastery castle was attacked on a stormy night. They rang the bell to call the Graf Griefenberg for help. This was in vain, however, since it was the Griefenbergers themselves who attacked the Templars and killed everyone. Archbishop Peter von Aspelt then had the Griefenberg castle destroyed and their masters executed. Since then, three dark figures, masked like robbers , with large floppy hats have been sighted on the summit of the Gräfenberg from time to time on dark nights .
Geotope
The western quarry on the summit of the mountain is designated by the Bavarian State Office for the Environment as geotope 671A002. See also the list of geotopes in the Aschaffenburg district .
See also
Web links
- The castle on the Graefenberg on spessartprojekt.de
Individual evidence
- ^ Bayernviewer of the Bavarian Surveying Administration
- ↑ a b Our Kahlgrund 1962 . Homeland yearbook for the Alzenau district. Published by the working group for homeland research and homeland maintenance of the Alzenau district, district administrator. ISSN 0933-1328 .
- ↑ Information board in Rottenberg: The legend of the Templars and Griefenbergers.
- ↑ Geotope: Former dolomite quarry on Graefenberg (accessed on March 22, 2020)