Gräningen

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Gräningen
Community Nennhausen
Coordinates: 52 ° 34 ′ 44 ″  N , 12 ° 28 ′ 21 ″  E
Area : 11.3 km²
Residents : 213  (Aug 2018)
Population density : 19 inhabitants / km²
Postal code : 14715
Area code : 033878
View of the town center with the church
View of the town center with the church

Gräningen is a district of the municipality Nennhausen in the district Havelland in the state of Brandenburg with 213 inhabitants (as of August 2018).

Geographical location

Gräningen is 10 km southeast of the city of Rathenow . Surrounded by forests, the Gräninger See and three mountains with the Großer Berg (82 m), the Lütje Berg (62 m) and the Galgenberg (41.9 m) on the L98 road.

history

The first settlement of the region around Gräningen is evidenced by early finds, which are now recorded as ground monuments and documented in the list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg for the district Havelland from 2008.

  • 5800 BC Until 4000 BC BC - Neolithic settlement (Neolithic)
  • 750 BC To 500 AD - Iron Age burial ground
  • 27 BC BC to AD 284 - settlement during the Roman Empire
  • 600 AD to 800 AD - Slavic Middle Ages settlement (possibly early Slavic settlement Schonlo near Bamme / Gräningen)
  • 800 to around 1500 AD - settlement of the German Middle Ages

In 1375 the village of Gräningen (Grenyngen) was included in the land book of Charles IV with 25 hooves , as feudal lords of the miners brothers Arnd and Nikolaus von Lochow . In 1382 Dietrich von der Schulenburg, as Bishop of Brandenburg , exchanged the village of Gräningen for the villages of Neuendorf in the Zauche bei Golzow and Friesdorf, which were owned by the provost, prior and cathedral chapter of Brandenburg. In 1415, the cathedral chapter also bought the feudal and inherited estates of the von Lochow brothers, but gave the Schulzengericht with house, yard, 7 free hooves and tenon from the pitcher to the von Britzke zu Lehn brothers , who still owned it after the Reformation .

In 1759 the village belonged to the Brandenburg Cathedral Chapter . In 1816 the royal forest with an area of ​​3,800 acres was designated as "Revier Hackel". The forest was ceded by Prussia to the Principality of Halberstadt .

In 1840 it was decided to lease the land belonging to the church for 3 acres. In 1848 the villagers demanded the abolition of the privileges of the manors, their proportional taxation and the introduction of income tax . In 1851, Gräningen was named as a station for receiving people on the Brandenburg – Rathenow postal route by ordinance of the royal upper post office. On October 7, 1912, the telegraph service was opened at the post office in Gräningen.

In 1874 the village was part of the Nennhausen district . In 1925, Gräningen consisted of the village and the housing areas, covering shop , forester's shop and An der Trift, as well as the Nennhof estate. In 1935 there were 275 inhabitants, the nearest place with a post office and railway was Nennhausen at a distance of 3.5 km, the competent district court was in Rathenow.

church

Church in Gräningen
Gräningen Church, interior view

The church developed from a small chapel from 1517. In 1700 the tower was built by master Jacob Leuwe and in 1753 it was renovated. A conversion to a baroque church took place between 1734 and 1736. In 1793 the church was mentioned as a branch church of Bamme. Major renovations in 1909 gave the church its present form. The inauguration took place on May 8, 1910, when the Berlin general superintendent presented an altar Bible as a gift from Empress Auguste Viktoria . The extensive renovation work of these two years and the ceremonial inauguration were vividly described by the then pastor Fiedler from Bamme.

The interior furnishings of the church include the baptismal font from 1686, the pulpit altar from 1732 and the choir windows with stained glass.

organ

In 1889 the organ was built by August Ferdinand Wäldner . The Wäldner organ was rebuilt by Alexander Schuke after the church was rebuilt in 1910 . A thorough overhaul was carried out in 1992 by Ulrich Fahlberg with the renewal of the prospect pipes , which had been confiscated as part of armaments production for the First World War in 1917.

natural reserve

Gräninger See with water lilies
Gräninger See with primeval forest
Gräninger Spring with duckweed

The nature reserve, which has existed since 1967, is characterized by Lake Gräninger with forest as well as fen areas marked by wet and wet meadows with a natural succession of the shoreline. The area is important as a feeding and breeding habitat for numerous marsh and water bird species. There is also the Gräninger Spring , a typical pond spring at the foot of the Great Mountain.

Culture and leisure

In Gräningen holiday apartments are offered, there is also an inn and a game trade. The Gut Nennhof equestrian center is a starting point for extensive hiking, cycling or riding tours. Exhibitions take place in the Kunsthof Zimmermann.

Fiction

1618–1648 - Thirty Years' War : A legend tells of the marriage of a wealthy Fraulein von Lochow to a Swedish officer. As a sign of the immortality of her family's wealth, this young lady threw a gold ring into the Gräninger See during a walk, in the opinion that her wealth could as little perish as the ring will ever be found again. When a fish was later cut up from the said lake, the ring, which had always been believed to be lost, was found again. From that moment on the prosperity of the von Lochow family dwindled and finally in 1686 Nennhausen returned to the elector as a settled fiefdom.

1811 The area around Gräningen may be the geographic inspiration for “ Undine ” by Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué (1777–1843). In a letter he wrote to Adelbert von Chamisso on April 20, 1812: “Do you know how we were once on a quiet evening - I think it was autumn, or at least the area looked autumnal - next to each other on the hill by Lake Gräninger? “Here the Galgenberg (41.9 m) can be meant, which is still accessible on the eastern shore of the lake. The lake, a nature reserve, is almost completely silted up and overgrown, so that it can no longer be seen or even reached from there.

Web links

Commons : Gräningen  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Amt Nennhausen: Amt Nennhausen. Retrieved January 12, 2020 .
  2. ↑ List of monuments of the State of Brandenburg District Havelland Status: December 31, 2008, page 5
  3. ↑ Günter Mangelsdorf: The local devastation of the Havelland: A contribution to the historical-archaeological desertification of the Mark Brandenburg . Walter de Gruyter, 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-088459-3 ( google.de [accessed on January 12, 2020]).
  4. ^ Official Journal for the Havelland district , list of monuments from 2001, page 165
  5. ^ Amt Nennhausen: Gräningen. Retrieved January 12, 2020 .
  6. ↑ Karl IV (Roman-German Empire Emperor): Land book of the Electorate and the Mark Brandenburg, which Kayser Carl IV. King of Bohemia and Margrave of Brandenburg had made in 1375; as well as the register of the Landschosses of some districts of the Churmark from the year 1451: Edited from the originals in the Brandenburg State Archives, and explained with annotations . Decker, 1781 ( google.de [accessed January 12, 2020]).
  7. ↑ There are electoral confirmation letters from the years 1598 for Caspar von Britzke and 1620 for Henning von Britzke in the feudal archives.
  8. ^ "New description of the earth, third part", second volume from 1759, second edition, page 2070
  9. ↑ Annalen der Forst- und Jagdwissenschaft , Volume 4, Ed .: CP Laurop, Marburg 1816, page 55
  10. ^ Contributions to a newer Landbuch der Marken Brandenburg , Magdeburg 1840, Ed .: C. von Eickstedt, page 423
  11. ↑ Negotiations of the Assembly on the Agreement on the Prussian State Constitution , second volume, page 334, Berlin 1848
  12. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin , year 1851
  13. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin , born in 1912, notification 1628
  14. ^ Official Journal of the Government in Potsdam
  15. ^ Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg , Part XI, pages 4, 17, 143, 263
  16. ^ Meyers Orts- und Verkehrslexikon des Deutschen Reiches , Edition 6 from 1935, reference III 141
  17. ^ A b Evangelical Church District Nauen-Rathenow: Our Churches: Gräningen. Retrieved January 11, 2020 .
  18. ↑ a b c d e f g Gräningen village church. In: Westhavelland.de. Retrieved January 12, 2020 .
  19. ↑ "Earth Description of the Prussian Monarchy", Volume 3, Part 1, Halle 1793, page 657
  20. ↑ Home calendar of the Westhavelland district 1911 , pages 106/107, published by Walther Specht
  21. ↑ Gräningen village church - Holidays in Havelland - Westhavelland nature park and star park. Retrieved January 12, 2020 .
  22. ↑ Ministry of Agriculture, Environment and Climate Protection (MLUK): List of nature reserves in Brandenburg, page 6, July 2019. (PDF) Retrieved on January 12, 2020 .
  23. ^ Geocaching: Geocaching - The Official Global GPS Cache Hunt Site. Retrieved January 12, 2020 .
  24. ↑ Good Nennhof |. Accessed January 12, 2020 (German).
  25. ↑ Office Nennhausen: amt-nennhausen.de - Gräningen. Retrieved January 12, 2020 .
  26. ^ Zimmermann-musik.de: Kunsthof Gräningen. Accessed January 12, 2020 (German).
  27. ^ Fontane Blätter , Volume 2, Issue 8 from 1973
  28. ↑ Rene Wernitz: Last piece of originality preserved. January 27, 2017, accessed January 12, 2020 .