Graben (Bruneck)
The Graben is a wide boulevard and a popular promenade in the historic center of the South Tyrolean city of Bruneck . It continues Michael-Pacher-Straße to the west and extends to Rienz in the east. Trees line the street with their wide sidewalks. Several buildings on the Graben are listed buildings .
history
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In the Middle Ages, instead of today's street, an actual city moat encompassed the city 's fortifications in the north, more precisely from the Zwingergraben on the south side of the wall in a semicircle to the Rienz and on to the Unterrainertor in the east. The city was protected from the south by the Schlossberg. At the four city gates, which are still preserved today, there were drawbridges with which one could cross the moat. The 10 meter wide and 3 meter deep lower trench was filled with water and was flanked at both ends by a stone dry trench. In the summer of 1830 this ditch was filled in and a wide avenue with three rows of trees was created (initially pyramid poplars (1872), in 1909 there was talk of "thick chestnuts "), which the population used for recreation and for holding markets. With this measure, the previous narrowness of the old town was loosened, and as a result, spacious buildings were built along the new street; the city expanded to the north.
Soon after the filling, the resulting space enjoyed great popularity. In 1844 he is described as follows:
“The northern gate [Florianitor] […] leads […] to the left onto the pretty Stadtgraben-Platz, occupied by slender poplar trees, a metamorphosis that has only recently emerged from the puddles of the former Stadtgraben. It is the city folk's busiest fun-walk on bright summer evenings, and is also very useful for holding the numerous markets. "
While the southern side of the moat consists of historical buildings from the old town, the buildings on the northern side of the street date from the end of the 19th century and also from the 20th century. The latter are large, have a representative character and the large squares open between them, such as Rathausplatz and Gilm-Platz . If the boulevard was once used for marches, today there is a hustle and bustle through numerous restaurants, coffee houses and shops.
Buildings
Eduard von Grebmer monument
The southern side of the trench consists of a wide strip of sidewalks and avenue trees. A popular Christmas market takes place here in winter. Right at the beginning in the west is the memorial for the liberal Bruneck politician Eduard von Grebmer zu Wolfsthurn . He was several times mayor of the city, member of the Reichsrat and governor of Tyrol . Because of his merits, the citizens' committee decided immediately after his death in 1875 to erect a memorial for him. It was executed by the Tyrolean sculptor Johann Silbernagl. It shows the bust of Grebmer on a multi-tiered foundation. The monument was inaugurated in 1878.
No. 1: Karl Meusburger School
The representative building in historicist style was built in 1877. It was designed as a school building for the boys' school or secondary school . Later it was used for numerous other purposes, it served as a town hall between 1918 and 1933, then a savings bank and the city museum as a location and is now a middle school under the name of Karl Meusburger . It forms a whole block and lies between Enrico-Fermi-Strasse and the Rathausplatz ; the Bruneck Tourist Office maintains a tourist information office here on the town hall square.
The building is a three-story structure with a hipped roof . The facade is divided into a rusticated ground floor with a stone-framed rectangular gate flanked by pillars, side projections with corner blocks and rows of framed windows suspected of being gable, whereby those at the projections are double-arched windows. Inside are groin vaulted and flat arched corridors; noteworthy are the granite stairs with balustrades .
- Entry in the monument browser on the website of the South Tyrolean Monuments Office
No. 2: Ursuline monastery
The Ursuline monastery, built directly on a granite rock, forms the northern boundary of the moat over a relatively long stretch. The monastery on Graben and Stadtgasse, built in the 18th century, has regular rows of windows on four floors; The year 1744 is located above the entrance door. The prince's room and refectory are characterized by stucco ceilings. The cloister courtyard with a loggia on pillars encloses an ornamental and vegetable garden. In the monastery there is a girls' and schoolchildren's home for pupils of all high school levels and a middle school with a day care center.
- Entry in the monument browser on the website of the South Tyrolean Monuments Office
No. 6: Courthouse
Today's Peace Court was built in 1847 as a district office building. It is free-standing on all sides between Rathausplatz and Europastraße . The representative facade consists of regular rows of windows (the windows are framed and suspected) and a central, stone-framed portal. Corner blocks, cornices and pilasters also structure the front. Inside there are groin vaulted corridors with belt arches ; on the ground floor there are vaulted rooms. In addition to the court, the house is also home to the revenue agency , a tax office.
- Entry in the monument browser on the website of the South Tyrolean Monuments Office
No. 9: Hotel Post
The manager of the post office, Maria Elisabeth von Grebmer, sold the Gasthaus zum Löwen (the old post office) and built the Hotel Neue Post in 1850 on what was then Alleeplatz. The building is located between Europastraße and Gilmplatz . In 2004 it was extensively renewed.
No. 19: Former town hall
At the site of the Steger Wagenhütte , the post office building was built in the historicist neo-renaissance style with a distinctive domed tower. From 1933 the town hall was also housed here. The representative historical building was demolished in 1966 and the new bank for Trento and Bozen was built in its place .
No. 21: Sparkasse building
Around 1909, the large building for the Stadtsparkasse Bruneck was built according to plans by the Merano architect Carl Lun . The very elongated structure is also the last on the north side of the trench and extends to the Rienz Bridge. It still serves as a savings bank building today. What is particularly noticeable about the building, which is designed in a historical style, is the corner projectile with stepped gable. In the base zone, all arched windows and doors are framed in granite, on the roof zone you can see stepped gables. There are two-storey bay windows on the facade.
- Entry in the monument browser on the website of the South Tyrolean Monuments Office
No. 22: Florianitor
The Florianitor is one of the four historic city gates to the city of Bruneck. Via Florianigasse behind it you get to Stadtgasse . The three-storey gate tower has a round-arched passage. Window openings and key notches are in their original condition. On the north side of the moat there is a wall painting by Rudolf Stolz above the passage . At the house to the west (formerly Schlipfwirt and Schlipfturm ) you can see a balcony with a bulged, wrought-iron railing. Rudolf Stolz designed a ceiling painting inside this house.
- Entry in the monument browser on the website of the South Tyrolean Monuments Office
No. 24: Former Goldener Stern inn
The facade of the building corresponds to the medieval city wall; you can still see the original loopholes under the roof. The late medieval town house has a vaulted cellar inside.
- Entry in the monument browser on the website of the South Tyrolean Monuments Office
No. 30: Former home of Josef Bachlechner
The facade of the house shows painted window frames and a balcony with a curved, wrought-iron railing. At the back in the back alley you can see a porch and a stone-framed rectangular door with a skylight. Inside there are vaulted cellars and a vaulted hallway. The painter Josef Bachlechner the elder lived in the house .
- Entry in the monument browser on the website of the South Tyrolean Monuments Office
No. 32
The house attached to the city wall has deep window reveals in the base zone . The eye-catching wooden balconies with sawing-out work date from around 1900. Inside there are vaulted rooms. A connecting corridor leads from here over the back alley to the city alley.
- Entry in the monument browser on the website of the South Tyrolean Monuments Office
No. 34
This three-storey house, which is also attached to the city wall, has windows with framed ears. On the ground floor there is a vaulted room and a room with a stucco ceiling. There are groin vaults on the first floor.
- Entry in the monument browser on the website of the South Tyrolean Monuments Office
No. 36c: Powder Tower
At the end of the ditch in front of the bank of the Rienza is the Powder Tower, which was once a corner tower of the city fortifications. It is characterized by a conical roof on a round floor plan and is presented in exposed brickwork with original light openings. Arched windows and balconies represent later changes.
- Entry in the monument browser on the website of the South Tyrolean Monuments Office
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ ANNO, Tiroler Volksblatt. March 9, 1872, p. 6 , accessed February 25, 2020 .
- ↑ ÖNB-ANNO - Austrian Alpine Post. Retrieved February 25, 2020 .
- ↑ Johann Jakob Staffler : Tyrol and Vorarlberg, topographically, with historical remarks. Part 2 . tape 2 . Felician Rauch, Innsbruck 1844, p. 173 .
Coordinates: 46 ° 47 '47.3 " N , 11 ° 56' 17.4" E