Grigore Tocilescu

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Grigore Tocilescu

Grigore George Tocilescu (born October 26, 1850 in Fefelei , † September 18, 1909 in Bucharest ) was a Romanian historian , Roman provincial archaeologist , epigraphist , folklorist and university teacher .

Live and act

Grigore Tocilescu was born in 1850 in Fefelei, a small village in Wallachia belonging to Mizil in Prahova County, the son of George Tocilescu and Elena Tocilescu (née Brezeanu). He first attended school in Ploiesti and then went to Bucharest to complete his Abitur at the Colegiul Național "Sfântul Sava" . He then studied law , classical philology , Slavic and ancient history in Bucharest, Prague and Vienna until 1877 . He completed his studies in Prague in 1876 with a doctorate on the history of pre-Roman Dacia.

From 1877 to 1878 he was director of the Muzeului Național de Antichități (National Museum of Antiquities). From 1878 to 1880 he rounded off his studies at the École des Hautes-Études and the Collège de France in Paris. From 1881 until his death he was professor of ancient history and epigraphy at the University of Bucharest and again director of the Muzeului Național de Antichități . Tocilescu - with a conservative orientation - was also politically active from 1881 to 1885 as General Secretary of the Ministry of Public Education ( Secretar general al Ministerului Instrucțiunii Publice ) and from 1885 to 1890 as General Inspector of Education ( Inspector general al învățământului ). He also served at times as a senator for the Conservative Party. Since 1877 he was a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy, and a full member since 1890 . At the Academy he served as President of the Department of Literature from 1899 to 1901, from 1901 to 1903 as President of the Department of History, and from 1907 until his death as Vice-President of the Academy.

His publication Dacia înainte the Romani (Dacia before the Romans), published in 1880, is considered the first standard work on the history and archeology of pre-Roman Dacia. He carried out archaeological field research mainly in Dobruja and Adamklissi . The research in Adamklissi also made him one of the pioneers of Roman provincial archeology in Romania. He was friends with Louis Jacobi , whose son Heinrich Jacobi directed the excavations in Adamklissi for Tocilescu in 1895 and 1896. There he worked closely with the building researcher George Niemann and in 1895 published the results of the investigations at the Tropaeum Traiani together with him and the ancient historian Otto Benndorf .

Grigore Tocilescu died in 1809 at the age of 58.

Fonts (selection)

  • Cumu se scrie la noi istoria . Bucharest 1873.
  • Dacia înainte the Romani. Cercetări asupra poporeloru carii au locuitu țierile romane de a stâng'a Dunării, mai înainte de concuista acestoru țieri de cotra imperatoriulu Traianu . Bucharest 1880.
  • Manual de istoria româna. Pentru școlele secundare de ambe-sexe . Bucharest 1894.
  • with Otto Benndorf , George Niemann : The Adamklissi Monument. Tropaeum Traiani . Hoelder, Vienna 1895.
  • Marele Dicționar Geografic al României . 5 volumes, Bucharest 1898–1902.
  • Fouilles et recherches archeologiques en Roumanie . Bucharest 1900.
  • Materialuri Folkloristice . 3 volumes, Bucharest 1900.

literature

  • Jan Filip : Encyclopedic manual on the prehistory and early history of Europe. Volume 2. Kolhammer, Stuttgart 1966. p. 1469.
  • Irina Achim, Corina Borș: Grigore Tocilescu. A Pioneer of Romanian Archeology in a European Perspective . In: Csaba Szabó, Viorica Rusu-Bolindeț, Gabriel Tiberiu Rustoiu and Mihai Gligor (eds.): Adalbert Cserni and his Contemporaries. The Pioneers of Archeology in Alba Iulia and Beyond (= Bibliotheca Musei Apulensis 29). Editura Mega, Cluj-Napoca 2017, ISBN 978-606-543-915-3 , pp. 61-90 ( digitized version ).

Web links

Commons : Grigore Tocilescu  - collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Grigore Tocilescu on galeriaportretelor.ro (reproduction of a biographical article from the Enciclopedia istoriografiei românești , Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică, București 1978, p. 326), (Romanian), accessed on March 27, 2019.
  • Grigore Tocilescu ; Obituary in the Tribuna of September 24, 1909 (Romanian), accessed March 27, 2019.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Colegiul Național "Sfântul Sava" , website of the college (Romanian), accessed on March 27, 2019.
  2. ↑ a b Grigore Tocilescu on galeriaportretelor.ro (reproduction of a biographical article from the Enciclopedia istoriografiei românești , Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică, București 1978, p. 326), (Romanian), accessed on March 27, 2019.
  3. ↑ a b Irina Achim, Corina Borş: Grigore Tocilescu. A Pioneer of Romanian Archeology in a European Perspective . In: Csaba Szabó, Viorica Rusu-Bolindeț, Gabriel Tiberiu Rustoiu and Mihai Gligor (eds.): Adalbert Cserni and his Contemporaries. The Pioneers of Archeology in Alba Iulia and Beyond (= Bibliotheca Musei Apulensis 29), Editura Mega, Cluj-Napoca 2017, ISBN 978-606-543-915-3 , pp. 61-90.
  4. ↑ Grigore Tocilescu, George Niemann, Otto Benndorf: The monument of Adamklissi. Tropaeum Traiani . Vienna 1895.
  5. ↑ Grigore Tocilescu ; Obituary in the Tribuna of September 24, 1909 (Romanian), accessed March 27, 2019.
personal data
SURNAME Tocilescu, Grigore
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tocilescu, Grigore George
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Romanian ancient historian, Roman provincial archaeologist, epigraphist, folklorist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH October 26, 1850
PLACE OF BIRTH Fefelei
DATE OF DEATH September 18, 1909
Place of death Bucharest