Large-flowered mountain mint
| Large-flowered mountain mint | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Large-flowered mountain mint ( Clinopodium grandiflorum ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Clinopodium grandiflorum | ||||||||||||
| ( L. ) Kuntze |
The large-flowered mountain mint ( Clinopodium grandiflorum ) is a plant species within the family of the labiate flowers (Lamiaceae).
description
Vegetative characteristics
The large-flowered mountain mint grows as a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of between 20 and 60 centimeters. All parts of the plant are sparsely hairy. The leafy stem grows ascending to upright. The cross- opposed leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. They measure 3 to 8 inches in length and 2 to 5 inches in width. The shape varies from oval to rounded. The leaf margin is roughly serrated or serrated. The lemon-like scent is striking.
Generative characteristics
The flowering period extends from June to October. The stalked flowers stand individually or in pairs to five grouped in cymes . The length of the stem of the Zyme corresponds approximately to that of the stem of the bracts.
The hermaphrodite flower is zygomorphic with a double flower envelope ( perianth ). The almost bald, 11-nerved, tubular goblet measures 9 to 14 millimeters in length. It is divided into two lips at the top. While the upper lip has three teeth, the longer, long ciliate lower lip has two teeth. The calyx tube is straight. The dark pink crown is about 25 to 40 millimeters long. Your tube is just growing. The coronet is developed with two lips and differentiated into an edged upper lip and a three-lobed lower lip. The middle lobe of the lower lip is significantly larger than the lateral lobes. The four inclined stamens do not protrude from the corolla tube.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.
Occurrence
The distribution area of the large-flowered mountain mint stretches from northeastern Spain via Greece , Turkey and the Caucasus to western Iran . In Austria it occurs only in south-east Carinthia and as a neophyte in Upper Austria . In Switzerland, the main deposits are in Ticino , Graubünden and the Bernese Oberland .
Moist forests, bushes and rocky places are preferred as locations. It grows at altitudes of 300 to 2450 meters.
Systematics
The Large-flowered mountain mint was in 1753 by Linnaeus in Species Plantarum under the basionym Melissa grandiflora L. first published . Carl Kuntze placed it in 1891 as Clinopodium grandiflorum (L.) Kuntze in the genus Clinopodium . Other important, often used synonyms are Calamintha grandiflora (L.) Moench (in a narrow genus concept) and Satureja grandiflora (L.) Scheele (in a broad genus concept). More recently, a broad genus Satureja is considered polyphyletic and the genus Calamintha is assigned to Clinopodium . This view is also confirmed by the results of molecular systematic investigations. It has therefore been included in the genus Drymosiphon as Drymosiphon grandiflorus (L.) Melnikov since 2015 .
One can differentiate between the following subspecies or varieties:
- Clinopodium grandiflorum subsp. baborense (Batt.) Govaerts (Syn .: Drymosiphon grandiflorus var. parviflorus (Coss.) Melnikov ): It occurs in Morocco and Algeria.
- Clinopodium grandiflorum subsp. grandiflorum (Syn .: Drymosiphon grandiflorus var. grandiflorus ): It occurs from the Mediterranean area to northern Iran, in southern Central Europe and in Southeastern Europe.
A distinction is made between:
- Drymosiphon grandiflorus var. Hirtellus Melnikov : This variety occurs in Turkey.
use
The large-flowered mountain mint is occasionally used as an ornamental plant in groups of trees. It has been in culture since around 1576 . The 'Variegata' variety, which is characterized by variegated leaves, is known.
supporting documents
- ↑ a b c Calamintha grandiflora. In: Info Flora (the national data and information center for Swiss flora).
- ↑ a b c d Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpenblumen (= Steinbach's natural guide . Volume 16 ). Mosaik, Munich 1985, ISBN 3-570-01349-9 , p. 200 .
- ^ A b Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 794 .
- ↑ a b c d Eckehart J. Jäger, Friedrich Ebel, Peter Hanelt, Gerd K. Müller (eds.): Exkursionsflora von Deutschland . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. tape 5 : Herbaceous ornamental and useful plants . Springer, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-8274-0918-8 , pp. 502 .
- ^ Konrad Lauber, Gerhart Wagner: Flora Helvetica. Flora of Switzerland. Verlag Paul Haupt, Bern, Stuttgart, Vienna, 1996, ISBN 3-258-05405-3 , p. 878.
- ↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum. Volume 2, Lars Salvius, Stockholm 1753, p. 292, digitized
- ^ Carl Ernst Otto Kuntze: Revisio Generum Plantarum. Volume 2, A. Felix, Leipzig 1891, p. 515, digitized
- ↑ a b Clinopodium grandiflorum at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ Clinopodium grandiflorum in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ↑ RM Harley, S. Atkins, A. Budantsev, PD Cantino, BJ Conn, R. Grayer, MM Harley, R. De Kok, T. Krestovskaja, R. Morales, AJ Paton, O. Ryding, T. Upson: Labiatae . In: Joachim W. Kadereit (Ed.): The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants . Volume 7: Flowering plants, Dicotyledons. Lamiales (except Acanthaceae including Avicenniaceae) . Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg / New York 2004, ISBN 3-540-40593-3 , pp. 239–242 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
- Jump up ↑ Christian Bräuchler, Harald Meimberg, Günther Heubl: Molecular phylogeny of Menthinae (Lamiaceae, Nepetoideae, Mentheae) - Taxonomy, biogeography and conflicts. In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. Volume 55, No. 2, 2010, pp. 501-523, DOI: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2010.01.016 .
- ↑ a b c d e Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Drymosiphon grandiflorus. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 23, 2020.
Web links
- Calamintha grandiflora (L.) Moench In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved February 23, 2016.
- Thomas Meyer: Mountain mint data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia ).