Grand Lodge to the sun

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The Grand Lodge Zur Sonne was one of eight German Masonic Grand Lodges recognized by the London Grand Lodge before the Second World War and was one of the humanitarian (i.e. religiously neutral ) Grand Masonic lodges.

It was founded in Bayreuth in 1829 and has its origins in the Great Mother Lodge (1741) and the Great Provincial Lodge Zur Sonne (1810), both of which were their predecessors. In order to forestall a ban by the National Socialist rulers, it dissolved in 1933 and was re-established as the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne for Bavaria after the war in 1945/1948 . In 1949 it went on in the United Grand Lodge of Germany (today Grand Lodge of the Old Free and Accepted Masons of Germany ).

history

Great Mother Lodge: 1741-1810

Margrave Friedrich III. von Brandenburg-Bayreuth , the founder of the two Bayreuth palace and city boxes and grand master of them from 1741 to 1763

Margrave Friedrich III. On January 21, 1741 von Brandenburg-Bayreuth donated a French-language castle box (matriculation number 6) in Bayreuth and immediately raised it to the status of the Grand Mother Box . In the same year, on December 4, 1741, a daughter lodge working in German was founded in Bayreuth and called the Stadtloge . Both boxes were nicknamed Zur Sonne by the Margrave .

In 1751 the French living in Bayreuth set up a lodge, but it was not recognized by the palace lodge and in 1752 it was declared a corner lodge . A request submitted by this French lodge in 1753 for a constitutional patent to the margrave was refused, the subsequent attempted union with the city lodge failed due to excessive internal differences and differences.

Also from 1751 to 1753 there was probably a pug lodge or an androgynous lodge in Bayreuth , which the Margravine Wilhelmine presided over as Grand Master.

Due to a castle fire in 1753, the castle lodge lost its lodge. Then both lodges were working according to the source location closely, and Margrave Friedrich annual 60 Reichsthaler as rent for the use of the lodge restaurant located at the town loggia paid and the Schlossloge after the death of Margrave Friedrich 1763 in the town loggia opened ( "with assignment of all rights"), or both lodges merged with each other for the St. John's Festival in 1753, whereby the master of the chair of the city lodge continued to be the master of the chair of the united lodge and Margrave Friedrich continued to be the grand master of the great mother lodge . The resulting lodge took the name of the Masonic lodge Zur Sonne in Bayreuth.

On September 24, 1757, the Lebanon subsidiary to the three cedars (matriculation number 34) was founded in Erlangen and on May 8, 1758 the subsidiary lodge Alexander zu den drei Sternen (matriculation number 35) was founded in Ansbach .

In 1764/1765 the three lodges in Bayreuth, Erlangen and Ansbach, which had previously worked in the simple old English system , switched to the system of strict observance . This briefly revived the lodge work, but ultimately led to a rest or disintegration of the lodges for several years with the official resumption of work in the second half of the 1770s.

After the Bayreuth margrave line went out in 1769, the principality of Bayreuth passed to the Ansbach line of the Franconian Hohenzollern . The Margrave of Ansbach, Margrave Carl Alexander von Brandenburg-Ansbach-Bayreuth , also transferred the supervision of the lodges to Ansbach.

At the end of 1776, Carl Alexander signed a subsidy agreement with the British royal family for six years and provided two regiments (one from Ansbachern , one from Bayreuthern ) to support the British army in the American Wars of Liberation . Many officers of the two Franconian regiments were Freemasons and founded a field lodge in 1781 (field lodge 215 in the 2nd regiment), which was patented by the grand lodge in London .

Due to the sale of the Margraviate of Ansbach-Bayreuth to Prussia in 1791, Bayreuth and its boxes came under "Berlin supervision". With the Royal Prussian Edict of October 20, 1798 to prevent and punish secret associations, all lodges within the Prussian territory had to submit to one of the three recognized Berlin mother lodges. The Lodge Zur Sonne in Bayreuth joined the system of the Great Lodge of Prussia called “Royal York for Friendship” on July 4, 1800 . She also adopted the Feßler system .

The other two lodges, Lebanon to the three Ceders in Erlangen and Alexander to the three stars in Ansbach, opted for the Great National Mother Lodge "To the three world balls" .

In 1806 the former Margraviate Bayreuth was occupied by French troops and in 1807 it was annexed to the French Empire in the Peace of Tilsit, which interrupted the existing connections to Berlin. Since it was foreseeable that Franconia would no longer return to Prussia, the Zur Sonne Lodge in Bayreuth entered into confidential agreements with the Morgenstern Lodge (founded in 1799, Great Lodge of Prussia called "Royal York for Friendship" ) and the Lodge for Golden Libra (founded in 1804, Great State Lodge of Freemasons of Germany called "Freemason Order"), both in Hof, and the Lodge for Truth and Friendship (founded in 1803, Great Lodge of Prussia called "Royal York for Friendship" ) undertook the Grand Lodge Zur Reactivate sun again. On December 4, 1807, the Lodge Zur Sonne was also issued a constitutional patent as a large provincial lodge by the Great Lodge of Prussia called "Royal York for Friendship" , in case the Franconian lodges had to separate from Berlin.

This happened in 1810, when the Principality of Bayreuth with Erlangen and Hof fell to the Kingdom of Bavaria and was taken over by the Kingdom of Bavaria on June 30 of the same year (the Principality of Ansbach and Fürth were absorbed into Bavaria in 1806).

As a consequence, the Lodge Zur Sonne in Bayreuth loosened its ties to the Great Lodge of Prussia called "Royal York for Friendship" on July 20, 1810 .

Large Provincial Lodge Zur Sonne: 1810–1829

The Lodge Zur Sonne in Bayreuth was constituted on September 27, 1810 as the Large Provincial Lodge Zur Sonne with reference to the patent granted by the Large Lodge of Prussia called "Royal York for Friendship" and sent the Lodge in Hof and in on November 27, 1810 Fürth the draft of a union act. This was accepted by all four lodges in a conference on January 24, 1811, the union of the four lodges under the roof of a common grand lodge was done to guarantee each other's rights. The new grand lodge retained the Fessler system as a ritual . Since the newly founded Grand Lodge took over the name of the Bayreuth Lodge, it now needed a new name. The Bayreuth brothers chose Eleusis to maintain secrecy .

On September 13, 1814, a royal decree was issued banning all civil servants from membership in secret societies. As a result, the lodges lost almost half of their members, the lodge at the golden scales in Hof even had to stop its work due to insufficient membership, the remaining brothers joined the lodge at the Morgenstern on June 15, 1815 .

The former "Bayreuth daughter lodge" Lebanon to the three Ceders in Erlangen wanted to continue to work in their usual so-called rectified system and entered the Great Provincial Lodge Anacharsis for the sublime purpose in Ansbach, in which the other former "Bayreuth daughter lodge" Alexander also joined was three stars . This Great Provincial Mother Lodge of the Royal bair. Provinces in Franconia “Anacharsis for the sublime purpose” had received their constitution patent in 1807 from the Great National Mother Lodge “To the Three Worlds” .

Grand Lodge Zur Sonne: 1829–1933

Johann Caspar Bluntschli in later years, Grand Master from 1872 to 1878; Reproduction from Zurich - history culture economy . Fretz Brothers: Zurich, 1932

The Great Provincial Lodge at the Sun changed its status on September 29, 1829; In other words, by mutual agreement it ended the formal relationship of dependence on the Great Lodge of Prussia called "Royal York for Friendship" and resumed its old rights under the name of the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne , recognized by the German Great Lodge as an equal sister. At that time the four active Johannis lodges Eleusis for secrecy (Bayreuth), Zum Morgenstern (court), truth and friendship (Fürth) and freedom on the Rhine (Frankenthal) belonged to it.

On August 31, 1847, a conference of the Great Lodge accepted the application of the Mannheim Lodge Carl zur Eintracht to allow the admission of non-Christians (= Jews ); however, the request to extend the right to vote to all brothers, that is to say also to allow non-Christians in the councils of officials, was rejected. A few years later (1857?) The acceptance of blacks and their lodges were confirmed.

At the conference of the Great Lodge on December 28, 1862, the Bayreuth Lodge Eleusis for Secrecy submitted a motion to revise the rituals and laws of the Grand Lodge. This request was accepted and the upcoming revision was handed over to brother Johann Caspar Bluntschli from Heidelberg. On October 11, 1868, this new constitution and revised rituals were adopted by the Grand Lodge Conference. With this new constitution, the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne was then considered one of the most liberal Grand Lodges in Germany.

In 1893 the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne built the Provincial Grand Lodge Polarstjernen for its Norwegian daughter lodges and on May 8, 1920 granted it the constitutional patent for the independent Grand Lodge Den Norske Storloge Polarstjernen based in Trondheim / Norway.

On the Grand Lodge Day in Constance in May 1902, the master's suggestion from the chair of the Bayreuth Lodge , the bookseller Georg Niehrenheim, was accepted and approved to found the Bayreuth Grand Lodge Museum , today's German Freemasons Museum , in the Bayreuth Lodge House ; the 168 Masonic objects of daily use / Masonica from earlier times that were collected there served as the basis. Through a lively exchange of gifts with all German boxes and requests for gifts for the museum, the collection already had 650 exhibits in 1903.

In 1912 the Bayreuth physician Bernhard Beyer took over the management of the museum and expanded it to become the third largest of its kind in the world by 1930. In this context, he also initiated the Freemasonry Library in Bayreuth and, in 1921, the historical association for historical research into Freemasonry of the Freemason Museum of the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne, which is regarded as the forerunner of the German Freemason Research Society Quatuor Coronati founded in 1951 (there is also an English Quatuor Coronati Lodge of Masonic Research).

During the First World War , Frankish Freemasons met in Liège / Belgium and founded the field lodge Zum Eiserner Kreuz under the supervision of the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne in 1915 . In June 1916 it had 58 members who came from ALL German grand lodges. This field box then went out again at the end of the First World War, in October 1918.

In 1932, the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne, together with the Grand Lodge of Hamburg (Hamburg) and the Grand Mother Lodge of the Eclectic Freemasons Association (Frankfurt / Main), for the first time resumed communication with the English Grand Lodge (i.e. the enemy's Grand Lodge from the First World War). Thereupon the three Prussian grand lodges broke off all contact with the grand lodge Zur Sonne .

" Dark " period: 1933–1945 / 1948

From the second half of the 1920s, there were repeated hostilities against Freemasonry in society. B. by the German Noble Society, by the German fraternities or by so-called Völkische groupings. One of the main agitators was the former General Erich Ludendorff , who in 1927 published the inflammatory pamphlet Destruction of Freemasonry by revealing its secrets and in 1928 called for an annihilation campaign against the Freemasons in numerous attacks (this was not a purely German phenomenon, in 1924 there were attacks on Freemasons in Italy by fascists and in 1925 after the Bloody Night in Florence for the ban on Freemasonry in Italy).

Due to the increasing pressure and in order to forestall a ban on Freemasonry by the National Socialist rulers, the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne dissolved itself on April 30, 1933 or renamed itself the German Society for Culture and Knowledge , which, however, only existed for a short time would have. In addition, the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne recommended that its daughter lodges turn off the lights and close the gates.

The three old Prussian grand lodges had to z. B. dissolve itself on the basis of a declaration by the Reich and Prussian Minister of the Interior dated March 28, 1935; by September 1936 all 11 grand lodges and 33 similar associations had been dissolved.

Grand Lodge Zur Sonne for Bavaria: 1945 / 1948–1949

The last two grandmasters Bernhard Beyer (1948) and Theodor Vogel (1948 to 1949), here in 1954 in front of the Bayreuth Logenhaus .

As early as September 1945, Bernhard Beyer presented the American occupation authorities with a detailed plan for the revival of German Freemasonry in the form of a Bavarian grand lodge , but the license was not granted promptly. The Bavarian Ministry of the Interior finally approved the establishment of lodges on December 7, 1946, the guidelines for this were announced in April 1947, with which the lodges in Bavaria, which were reopened from 1945, could formally license themselves. For the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne this official approval took a little longer, it was (only) officially reactivated on January 21, 1948 as Grand Lodge Zur Sonne for Bavaria . As early as May 1948, the first Grand Lodge Day after the dark period took place in the building of the Erlangen Freemason Lodge Lebanon to the three Ceders , at which delegates from Grand Lodges from the USA, France and Czechoslovakia were also present.

In this new grand lodge Zur Sonne for Bavaria , not only the former (Bavarian) sun lodges were united , but also (Bavarian) lodges that belonged to other types of teaching before 1933.

The Grand Lodge Zur Sonne for Bavaria was opened on June 19, 1949 together with its member lodges in the United Grand Lodge of Germany , ending the traditional history of the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne in Bayreuth , the history of the Masonic lodges and Freemasonry in Bayreuth, in Franconia, Bavaria and Germany went on and on under one roof.

From the United Grand Lodge of Germany in 1951, the United Grand Lodge of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons of Germany , 1958, the Great National Lodge of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons of Germany and in 1968 the Grand Lodge of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons of Germany .

Philosophical orientation / Masonic type of teaching

The Grand Lodge Zur Sonne was one of the so-called " humanitarian (i.e. religiously neutral ) Grand Lodges", together with the two large lodges, the Great Lodge of Hamburg in Hamburg and the Great Mother Lodge of the Eclectic Freemasons' Association in Frankfurt / Main. (In contrast to this are the three “ Old Prussian Grand Lodges”, the Great National Mother Lodge, “To the Three World Balls” , the Great State Lodge of the Freemasons of Germany called the “Order of Freemasons” and the Great Lodge of Prussia called “Royal York for Friendship” and the two grand lodges, the Great Masonic Lodge "Zur Eintracht" in Darmstadt and the Great State Lodge of Saxony in Dresden; these five great lodges are or were anchored in Christianity.)

“Humanitarian” in the sense of religiously neutral should not be misunderstood here as anti-religious or atheistic. The so-called “humanitarian” Freemasons of the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne were also worshipers of God, and today's Freemasons who continue this tradition are still so; but there is no commitment to a particular religion or denomination, the individual concepts of God may all be different (be it a personalized God or an abstract and universal principle), each brother Freemasons to the faith can live and may, of him as a right appears and he should also tolerate his brother in his faith.

Therefore, Freemasonry as such cannot be a religion or a substitute for religion, it neither wants it nor is it. Freemasons recognize in the world, in everything living and in the moral consciousness of people, a creative spirit full of wisdom, strength and beauty, a world- ordering principle that each brother can fill individually.

Starting in 1811, Member lodges the edited Great Provinzialloge / Grand Lodge Zur Sonne , the so-called Feßlersche system that a slightly modified Schrodinger Dersche method of teaching is originally from Johann Gottlieb Fichte and Ignaz Aurelius Fessler for "Royal York for friendship" called Grand Lodge of Prussia was created .

From 1868 the rituals revised by Johann Caspar Bluntschli were used, whereby the individual member lodges were granted freedom of ritual by the grand lodge .

The ritual of the grand lodge Zur Sonne after Bluntschli is still being processed by the Lodge Eleusis for secrecy in Bayreuth (matriculation number 6) for the first and third degrees. The ritual of the hiking lodge Zur Weissen Lilie (matriculation number 871) is also based on this Bluntschi ritual of the grand lodge Zur Sonne .

Member boxes

The sources on which the list given here is based provide partially contradicting information (e.g. it is not always clear whether the given year relates to the issue of the constitutional patent or to the introduction of light in the temple). In the following, an attempt was made to reproduce a consistent and uniform presentation. The lodges were listed according to the year they were founded or the year of affiliation.

The history of the lodges of the individual lodges is only given as far as there was a reference to the grand lodge Zur Sonne in Bayreuth. The sometimes "quite eventful" history of individual lodges with " extinguished " and " reactivated " or frequent connection to other grand lodges is not always (only) due to the conscience of the brothers, but sometimes also to external political constraints (e.g. the Masonic ban in Baden from 1813 or the ordinance for the compulsory connection of all Masonic lodges in the Prussian area to one of the three Berlin grand lodges from 1798).

Great mother box

Large Provincial Lodge / Grand Lodge Zur Sonne

  • 1811: Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth: Founded in 1741 in the Great Mother Lodge , in 1800 affiliated to the Great Lodge of Prussia called "Royal York for Friendship" , 1811 founding lodge of the Great Provincial Lodge Zur Sonne , extinguished in 1933, reactivated in 1947, from 1948 in the Grand Lodge Zur Sun for Bavaria
  • 1811: Zum Morgenstern, Hof: Founded in 1799 in the Great Lodge of Prussia called “Royal York for Friendship” , 1811 founding lodge of the Great Provincial Lodge Zur Sonne , extinguished in 1933, reactivated in 1947, from 1948 in the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne for Bavaria
  • 1811: On truth and friendship, Fürth: founded in 1803 in the Great Lodge of Prussia called "Royal York for Friendship" , in 1811 founding lodge of the Great Provincial Lodge in Zur Sonne , extinguished in 1933, reactivated in 1947, from 1948 in the Grand Lodge in Zur Sonne for Bavaria
  • 1811–1815: To the golden scales, court; Founded in 1804 in the Great State Lodge of the Freemasons of Germany called the "Order of Freemasons" , in 1811 the founding lodge of the Great Provincial Lodge at Zur Sonne , expired in 1815 or connected to the Lodge at Morgenstern
  • 1811–1853: Carl zur Treue, Pappenheim: founded in 1804 in the Great National Mother Lodge "To the Three Worlds" , 1811 affiliated to the Great Provincial Lodge Zur Sonne , 1828 cessation of work, 1853 extinguished
  • 1811–1815: Aristides on Truth and Justice, Markt Rentweinsdorf / Unterfranken: founded in 1805 in the Great National Mother Lodge “To the Three Worlds” , in 1811 affiliated to the Great Provincial Lodge at the Sun , 1815 extinguished
  • 1817–1818: To the Temple of Isis in the morning, Viernheim: re-establishment, in 1818 already extinguished
  • 1819: On Freimüthigkeit am Rhein, Frankenthal: founded in 1808 in the Grand Orient de France (GOdF); Affiliation patent of the Great Provincial Lodge Zur Sonne expired on June 26, 1819, 1933
  • 1835: Wilhelm on the rising sun, Stuttgart: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1846: Carl zur Eintracht , Mannheim: founded in 1756 as a Schottenloge, closed in 1813, reactivated in 1845 and affiliated to the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne on August 23, 1846 , expired in 1933
  • 1847–1923: To the noble view , Freiburg / Breisgau; Founded in 1784 in the Grand Lodge of Austria; Closed in 1813, reactivated in the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne in 1847 , affiliated to the Grand Lodge of Prussia in 1923 called "Royal York for Friendship"
  • 1847–1925: Leopold zur Treue, Karlsruhe; emerged from the two lodges, Carl zur Treue and Carl zur Unity , which had been inactive since 1813, with a formal inauguration on November 15, 1847, affiliated to the Great Lodge of Prussia called "Royal York for Friendship" in 1925
  • 1849–1878: Carl zum Lindenberg, Frankfurt / Main: re-establishment, 1878 affiliated to the Great Mother Lodge of the Eclectic Freemasons Association
  • 1855: Johannes to the rebuilt temple , Ludwigsburg: re-establishment, extinguished in 1933
  • 1856: Ruprecht zu den five Rosen , Heidelberg: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1864–1883: Barbarossa for German loyalty, Kaiserslautern: re-establishment, expired in 1883
  • 1865: Reuchlin , Pforzheim: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1865: Constantia for confidence, Konstanz: re-establishment, extinguished in 1933
  • 1868: Allfather for free thought, Lahr: re-establishment, extinguished in 1933
  • 1868: Brother loyalty on the Main , Schweinfurt: re-establishment, expired in 1933, reactivated in 1947, from 1948 in the grand lodge Zur Sonne for Bavaria
  • 1871: To the two pillars at the stone, Würzburg: re-establishment, expired in 1933, reactivated in 1947 as a collecting facility at the two pillars at the permanent castle , from 1948 in the grand lodge Zur Sonne for Bavaria
  • 1871: Badenia on progress, Baden-Baden: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1872: Augusta, Augsburg: re-establishment, expired in 1933, reactivated in 1947, from 1948 in the grand lodge Zur Sonne for Bavaria
  • 1873: Zurkette, Munich: re-establishment, expired in 1933, reactivated in 1947, from 1948 in the grand lodge Zur Sonne for Bavaria
  • 1873: Erwin, Kehl: re-establishment, closed in 1885, reactivated in 1923, expired in 1933
  • 1873–1876: To the faithful heart, Strasbourg / Alsace-Lorraine: ???? Founded in a French grand lodge as St. Jean d'Ecosse , affiliated to Grand Lodge Zur Sonne in 1873 with a change of name , affiliated to Grand Lodge of Prussia in 1876 called "Royal York for Friendship"
  • 1874: On the fraternization on the Regnitz, Bamberg: re-establishment, extinguished in 1933
  • 1875: Germania zur deutschen Treue, Erlangen: founded in 1864 as an unrecognized lodge, closed in 1867, reactivated in 1875 in the grand lodge Zur Sonne , extinguished in 1933
  • 1876–1905: Globus, Hamburg: re-establishment, 1905 affiliated to the Great Lodge of Prussia called "Royal York for Friendship"
  • 1877–1887: Open castle for knowledge, Offenburg: re-establishment, closed in 1887
  • 1882–1920: St. Olaf til den gjenreiste temple, Trondheim, Norway: new establishment, affiliated to the Norwegian grand lodge Den Norske Storloge Polarstjernen in 1920 , which was used by the grand lodge Zur Sonne with a constitutional patent dated May 8, 1920 as an independent grand lodge
  • 1883: Zur Hansa, Bremen: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1885–1920: Olaf Kyrre til den Kjaede, Christiana (Oslo), Norway: New establishment, 1920 affiliated to the Norwegian grand lodge Den Norske Storloge Polarstjernen
  • 1889: Friedrich for serious work, Jena: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1891–1920: Kolbein til den flammende Stjerne, Lillehammer, Norway: new establishment, closed in 1903, reactivated in 1915, affiliated to the Norwegian grand lodge Den Norske Storloge Polarstjernen in 1920
  • 1892: For serious work, Weißenburg / Bavaria: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1893–1908: St. Halvard til den flammende Stjerne, Hamar, Norway: re-establishment, 1908 merger with the instruction lodge Olandenes Brderforening as St. Halvard in the great national lodge of Norway
  • 1896: Theodor zum Bergischen Löwen, Rath: New foundation, moved to Düsseldorf in 1897, expired in 1933
  • 1897: Galileo for Eternal Truth, Berlin: re-establishment, extinguished in 1933
  • 1897: To friendship at the Haardt, Neustadt / Haardt: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1899: Friedrich zur Frankentreue, Kulmbach: re-establishment, expired in 1933, reactivated in 1947, from 1948 in the grand lodge Zur Sonne for Bavaria
  • 1900: Albrecht Dürer, Nuremberg: re-establishment, expired in 1933, reactivated in 1947, from 1948 in the grand lodge Zur Sonne for Bavaria
  • 1900–1909: Humanitas til de tvende Liljer, Skien, Norway: re-establishment, 1909 affiliated to the Grand National Lodge of Norway
  • 1901–1923: Fichte for self-control, Berlin: re-establishment, 1923 affiliated to the Great Lodge of Prussia called "Royal York for Friendship"
  • 1904: Dankward am rauhen Stein, Braunschweig: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1904: Walhalla to the rising light, Regensburg: re-establishment, extinguished in 1933, reactivated in 1947 as a collecting facility Drei Schlüssel zum Aufstieg Licht , from 1948 in the grand lodge Zur Sonne for Bavaria
  • 1904: On the friendship at the Saale, Bad Kissingen: new foundation, ???? closed, reactivated in 1947, from 1948 in the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne for Bavaria
  • 1908: Friedrich zur Eintracht, Lörrach: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1910: On brotherhood, Bucharest, Romania: re-establishment, ????
  • 1911: To the closed book, Bochum: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1911: Zur Eintracht und Freimütigkeit, Frankfurt / Main: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1912–1919: Zur Treue, Colmar / Elsass-Lothringen: founded in 1886 in the Great Lodge of Prussia called "Royal York for Friendship" , affiliated to the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne in 1912 , released to the Grand Orient de France (GOdF) in 1919
  • 1915–1918: Feldloge Zum Eiserner Kreuz, Liège / Belgium: New establishment, extinguished in October 1918
  • 1918: Zur Bergische Freiheit, Solingen: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1919: Free research and tolerance / Schiller, Essen: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1923–1930 ?: Bluntschli for pure knowledge, Berlin: re-establishment, extinguished between 1929 and 1931
  • 1923: Fixed in Treuen, Freiburg / Breisgau: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1923–1923: To the city on the mountain, Remscheid: re-establishment, already in the same year 1923 affiliated to the Great National Mother Lodge "To the three world balls"
  • 1924: Peace and progress, Elberfeld / Wuppertal: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1924: Zur Treue am Berg Horeb, Pirmasens: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1925: To the three pillars, Danzig (today Gdańsk , Poland): re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1925–1931: Fichte zum Flammenden Stern, Breslau (today Wrocłav , Poland): re-establishment, 1931 affiliated to the Great Lodge of Prussia called "Royal York for Friendship"
  • 1926: Thekla, a lamp in Franconia, Kitzingen: re-establishment, extinguished in 1933, reactivated in 1947, from 1948 in the grand lodge Zur Sonne for Bavaria
  • 1927: Jean Paul, Coburg: re-establishment, expired in 1933, reactivated in 1947 as a collection facility at the Franconian Crown , from 1948 in the Grand Lodge at Zur Sonne for Bavaria
  • 1927: On the three pillars on Giebichtstein, Halle / Saale: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1927: Humanitati, Hannover: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1928–1932: Beethoven for eternal harmony , Bonn: re-establishment, 1932 affiliated to the symbolic grand lodge of Germany
  • 1928: Im Sonnenwinkel, Hamburg: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1929: On stability, Hanover: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1930: Peace and Freedom, Karlsruhe: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1931: Goethe for the creation of life, Berlin: re-establishment, expired in 1933
  • 1931: Lower Saxony zur Treue, Magdeburg: re-establishment, expired in 1933

Grand Lodge Zur Sonne for Bavaria

  • 1948: Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth: founded in 1741 in the Great Mother Lodge , in 1800 affiliated to the Great Lodge of Prussia called "Royal York for Friendship" , 1811 founding lodge of the Great Provincial Lodge at Zur Sonne , extinguished in 1933, reactivated in 1947
  • 1948: Lebanon to the three cedars , Erlangen: founded in 1757 in the Great Mother Lodge , 1799 affiliated to the Great National Mother Lodge "To the Three Worlds" , reactivated in 1947
  • 1948: Alexander zu den drei Sternen , Ansbach: founded in 1758 in the Great Mother Lodge , affiliated to the Great National Mother Lodge in 1778 "To the Three World Globes" , reactivated in 1947
  • 1948: Zum Morgenstern, Hof: Founded in 1799 in the Great Lodge of Prussia called "Royal York for Friendship" , in 1811 the founding lodge of the Great Provincial Lodge at Zur Sonne , extinguished in 1933, reactivated in 1947
  • 1948: On Truth and Friendship, Fürth: Founded in 1803 in the Great Lodge of Prussia called "Royal York for Friendship" , in 1811 founding lodge of the Great Provincial Lodge in Zur Sonne , extinguished in 1933, reactivated in 1947
  • 1948: Brotherly loyalty on the Main , Schweinfurt: founded in 1868 in the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne , expired in 1933, reactivated in 1947
  • 1948: To the two pillars at the permanent castle, Würzburg: Founded in 1871 as Zu den zwei Säulen am Stein in the grand lodge Zur Sonne , expired in 1933, reactivated in 1947 as a collecting facility for the two columns at the permanent castle
  • 1948: Augusta, Augsburg: Founded in 1872 in the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne , expired in 1933, reactivated in 1947
  • 1948: Zurkette, Munich: founded in 1873 in the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne , expired in 1933, reactivated in 1947
  • 1948: Friedrich zur Frankentreue, Kulmbach: Founded in 1899 in the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne , expired in 1933, reactivated in 1947
  • 1948: Albrecht Dürer, Nuremberg: Founded in 1900 in the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne , expired in 1933, reactivated in 1947
  • 1948: Three Keys to the Rising Light, Regensburg: Founded in 1904 as Walhalla to the Rising Light in the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne , expired in 1933, reactivated in 1947 as the Three Keys to the Rising Light collecting facility
  • 1948: To the truth, Nuremberg: founded in 1907 as a German Freethinker Lodge and mother lodge of the Freemasons' Association for the Rising Sun (FzaS) , extinguished in 1933, reactivated in 1947
  • 1948: Thekla, a lamp in Franconia, Kitzingen: founded in 1926 in the Grand Lodge Zur Sonne , extinguished in 1933, reactivated in 1947
  • 1948: Zur Franconian Krone, Coburg: Founded in 1927 as Jean Paul in the grand lodge Zur Sonne , expired in 1933, reactivated in 1947 as a collective lodge Zur Franconian Krone
  • 1948: Lukas Cranach on the three roses, Kronach: re-establishment
  • 1948: On the three united rivers, Passau: re-establishment
  • 1948: To the three towers, Rothenburg ob der Tauber: re-establishment
  • 1949: Harmonia to the three roses, Erlangen: re-establishment
  • 1949: Rose im Alpenland, Garmisch-Partenkirchen: re-establishment

Grandmaster

The sources on which the list given here is based provide partially contradicting information (e.g. spelling of names or individual years). In the following, an attempt was made to reproduce a consistent and uniform presentation.

Since in Freemasonry as a friendship alliance all members meet as brothers on the same level, the following list deliberately refrained from naming titles of nobility and academic degrees , following the quotation given here:

“Leave rank and pride and positions of honor, gold, conceit, splendor and happiness before you step on these sacred thresholds, back at the door!
And do not hope for any other privilege than that which virtue promises you. "

- Ludwig Friedrich Lenz : 13 Masonic Chants (1746); here: third verse from Away! who of violence and robbery ...

Great mother box

Large Provincial Lodge / Grand Lodge Zur Sonne

  • 1811–1815: Caesar Ludwig Zacharias Schunter, Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth
  • 1815–1817: Johann Georg Franz Simon, Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth
  • 1818–1821: Johann Carl Heinrich von Paschwitz, Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth
  • 1821–1824: Johann Georg Franz Simon, Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth
  • 1824–1829: Friedrich Carl von Redwitz, ???
  • 1829–1833: Friedrich Christian Birner, Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth
  • 1833–1837: Friedrich Carl Münch, Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth
  • 1837–1842: Friedrich Christian Birner, Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth
  • 1842–1850: Sophian Kolb, Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth
  • 1850–1863: Christoph Carl Künzel, ???
  • 1863–1872: Friedrich (von) Feustel , Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth
  • 1872–1878: Johann Caspar Bluntschli , Ruprecht zu den five Rosen , Heidelberg
  • 1878–1882: Friedrich (von) Feustel, Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth
  • 1882–1889: Freodor Löwe, ???
  • 1889–1896: Julius Bayerlein , Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth
  • 1896–1902: August von Reinhardt, ???
  • 1902–1908: Hugo Ficke, To the noble view , Freiburg / Breisgau
  • 1908–1917: Alexander Schilling, Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth
  • 1917–1921: August Paret, ???
  • 1921–1928: Hermann Blümel, ???
  • 1928–1933: Hermann Koelblin , ???

Grand Lodge Zur Sonne for Bavaria

Known members

The list given here does not claim to be complete, the order was made according to the year of birth. Here, too, an attempt was made to reproduce a uniform and consistent representation from the various sources.

  • Daniel de Superville (* December 2, 1696 in Rotterdam; † November 16, 1773 ibid): Schlossloge , Bayreuth; Physician and first chancellor of the University of Erlangen
  • Joseph Saint-Pierre (* around 1709; † July 21, 1754 in Bayreuth): Schlossloge , Bayreuth; French architect and Bayreuth court building inspector
  • Friedrich III. von Brandenburg-Bayreuth (born May 10, 1711 in Weferlingen, † February 26, 1763 in Bayreuth): Schlossloge , Bayreuth; Margrave of the Franconian Principality of Bayreuth
  • Carl Philipp Christian von Gontard (born January 13, 1731 in Mannheim, † September 23, 1791 in Breslau): Stadtloge , Bayreuth; architect
  • Christian Friedrich Karl Alexander of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Bayreuth (born February 24, 1736 in Ansbach; † January 5, 1806 in Benham Castle near Newbury (Berkshire) in England): Alexander zu den three Sterne , Ansbach; last margrave of the two Franconian margravates, Principality of Ansbach (since 1757) and Principality of Bayreuth (since 1769) from the House of Hohenzollern
  • Johann Maximilian von Streit (* 1752 in Creußen; † May 9, 1833 in Weißenfels): Zur Sonne , Bayreuth; military
  • Johann Salomo Christoph Schweigger (born April 8, 1779 in Erlangen; † September 6, 1857 in Halle an der Saale): Zur Sonne , Bayreuth; German physicist and chemist
  • Karl Friedrich Nebenius (born September 29, 1784 in Rhodt; † June 8, 1857 in Karlsruhe): Carl zur Eintracht, Mannheim, and Leopold zur Treue, Karlsruhe; Baden civil servant and liberal minister of state
  • Friedrich Johann Andreas Arnold (born January 23, 1786 in Karlsruhe; † November 24, 1854): Leopold zur Treue, Karlsruhe; German architect and construction officer in the service of the Grand Duchy of Baden
  • Ferdinand Simon Gaßner (born January 16, 1798 in Vienna, † February 25, 1851 in Karlsruhe): Leopold zur Treue, Karlsruhe; Violinist, composer and music writer
  • Johann Caspar Bluntschli (* March 7, 1808 in Zurich; † October 21, 1881 in Karlsruhe): Ruprecht zu den five Rosen , Heidelberg; Legal scholar and politician; he taught at the universities of Zurich, Munich and Heidelberg
  • Friedrich (von) Feustel (born January 21, 1824 in Egern am Tegernsee, † October 12, 1891 in Bayreuth): Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth; German banker, member of the Reichstag and important sponsor of the Bayreuth Festival
  • Miroslav Könnemann (* 1826 in Prague, Austria-Hungary; † November 28, 1890 [1] in Baden-Baden): Badenia, Baden-Baden; Bohemian-German conductor, orchestra leader and composer
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Graupenstein (born September 2, 1828 in Minden; † May 25, 1897 in Hamburg): Globus, Hamburg; Portrait painter and the last representative of artistic portrait lithography in Hamburg
  • Gottfried Joseph Gabriel Findel (born October 21, 1828 in Kupferberg; † November 23, 1905 in Leipzig) Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth; (Masonic) writer and publisher
  • Wilhelm Morstadt (born March 18, 1829 in Lahr, † July 18, 1893 in Karlsruhe): Leopold zur Treue, Karlsruhe; Merchant and member of the German Reichstag
  • Julius Bayerlein (born January 23, 1838 in Bayreuth; † May 24, 1899 ibid): Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth; Entrepreneur and member of the German Reichstag
  • Robert Goldschmit (born December 9, 1845 in Grünstadt, † January 29, 1923 in Karlsruhe): Leopold zur Treue, Karlsruhe; High school teacher, politician and author of historical writings
  • Leopold von Casselmann (born June 29, 1858 in Fischbeck (Hessisch Oldendorf), † May 23, 1930 in Bayreuth): Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth; Lord Mayor of the City of Bayreuth, Member of the Reichstag and Landtag
  • Gustav Hobelmann (* 1867; † December 1942 in Bremen): Zur Hansa, Bremen; Judge, politician (DVP) and member of the Senate of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen
  • Bernhard Beyer (born May 31, 1879 in Laage; † May 31, 1966 in Bayreuth): Eleusis for secrecy , Bayreuth; Neurologist; he justified u. a. the research company or the research lodge Quatuor Coronati e. V. in Bayreuth
  • Hugo Auvera (born June 23, 1880 in Arzberg (Upper Franconia), † December 14, 1962 in Nuremberg): Albrecht Dürer, Nuremberg; Entrepreneur
  • Thomas Dehler (born December 14, 1897 in Lichtenfels, † July 21, 1967 in Streitberg, district of Ebermannstadt): On the fraternization on the Regnitz, Bamberg; Politician (German Democratic Party (DDP) and Free Democratic Party (FDP)), he was Federal Minister of Justice from 1949 to 1953 and Federal Chairman of the FDP from 1954 to 1957
  • Konrad Pöhner (* July 24, 1901 in Bayreuth; † September 24, 1974 there): Eleusis for confidentiality , Bayreuth; Construction business owner, Bavarian State Minister, sponsor of Bayreuth University
  • Theodor Vogel (born July 31, 1901 in Schweinfurt, † February 9, 1977 in Glashütten / Taunus): Brudertreue am Main , Schweinfurt; Entrepreneur and writer; is considered to be the unifier of German Freemasonry after the Second World War

literature

  • Bernhard Beyer: History of the Grand Lodge "Zur Sonne" . three volumes., Bauhütten-Verlag, Frankfurt / Main 1954–1955.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Albert Redlich: History of the Grand Lodge to the Sun , Part 1, in: Die Bauhütte , May 5, 1866, No. 19, IX. Vintage.
  2. ↑ Gottfried Joseph Gabriel Findel: History of the Grand Lodge to the Sun in Bayreuth , Leipzig 1897.
  3. ↑ Roland Martin Hanke: Mops und Maurer: Reflections on the history of the Pug Society , Bayreuth 2009.
  4. ↑ a b c d e Dieter Heinold: The history of the grand lodge "Zur Sonne" , lecture on April 2, 2004 in the lodge "Zum Morgenstern" in Hof.
  5. ↑ a b Peter Nemeyer: Chronicle of the jewels of the daughter boxes of the grand lodge "Zur Sonne" , Bayreuth 2007.
  6. ^ A b Albert Redlich: History of the Grand Lodge to the Sun , Part 2, in: Die Bauhütte , May 12, 1866, No. 20, IX. Vintage.
  7. ↑ a b Peter Nemeyer: German field lodges , Bayreuth in 2009.
  8. ↑ a b c d Robert Freke Gould: Gould's History of Freemasonry throughout the World , 1882–1887, Vol. III, Ch. III Freemasonry in the German Empire , Sec. VI The Grand Lodge Sun at Bayreuth .
  9. ↑ Albert Redlich: History of the Grand Lodge to the Sun , Part 3, in: Die Bauhütte , May 19, 1866, No. 21, IX. Vintage.
  10. ^ A b Albert Redlich: History of the Grand Lodge to the Sun , Part 4, in: Die Bauhütte , May 26, 1866, No. 22, IX. Vintage.
  11. ↑ a b Rudi Birkle: Biographies of well-known Freemasons of the Bayreuth lodges , Bayreuth 2012.
  12. ↑ Internetloge : http://www.internetloge.de/ , accessed on January 19, 2015.
  13. ↑ a b c Eleusis on Secrecy (Red.): Festschrift for the 250th Foundation Festival of the Masonic Lodge Eleusis on Secrecy No. 6 iO Bayreuth , Bayreuth 1991.
  14. ^ Peter Nemeyer: Masonic search for traces in Bayreuth , Bayreuth.