Gustav Eberhard (astronomer)

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Astrophysical Observatory Potsdam

Alexander Paul Julius Gustav Eberhard (born August 10, 1867 in Gotha , † January 3, 1940 in Potsdam ) was a German astronomer .

Life

Gustav Eberhard was the son of the architect Bruno Eberhard (1836–1901) and his wife Emilie (1845–71), née Messmer. The architect and court building officer Gustav Eberhard was his grandfather. Gustav Eberhard studied at the universities in Leipzig, Berlin and Munich and was awarded a doctorate by Hugo von Seeliger in Munich with his inaugural dissertation on the cosmogony of Kant in 1892. phil. PhD .

Kuffner observatory

Then Eberhard worked from April 1, 1892 until the end of 1895 at the Kuffner observatory in Vienna- Ottakring . Gustav Eberhard carried out zone observations, examined color-sensitive plates and dealt with questions of spectrophotometry.

After brief assignments at the observatories in Gotha (1896) and Bamberg (1897), he became an assistant at the Astrophysical Observatory in Potsdam in 1898 . Eberhard, who held the title of professor, was appointed chief observer in 1916 and worked in Potsdam in this area until his retirement in 1932. After his retirement he worked on the editing of the “Handbuch der Astrophysik” until 1936 until it was completed Graduation. Gustav Eberhard has become known primarily through his scientific investigations into the spectroscopy of the rare elements.

Gustav Eberhard was a member of the Astronomical Society and was elected on November 29, 1921 to a member ( registration number 3460 ) of the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina .

According to Gustav Eberhard, the Eberhard effect or edge effect (also: fringing effect) is called, a development effect in analog photography that describes the increase in edge blackening at the border between strongly and weakly exposed - i.e. dark and light - areas.

He had been married to his wife Gertrud, nee Müller, a daughter of the astronomer Gustav Müller , since 1903 . Their son Wolfram Eberhard became a sinologist and ethnologist and taught until 1976 as a professor of sociology at the University of Berkeley.

Fonts

  • The cosmogony of Kant . KK Hofbuchhandlung W. Frick, Vienna 1893
  • Investigations into the spectrum of silicon . In: Journal for Scientific Photography, Photophysics and Photochemistry, 1, 1903, pp. 346–355 ( digitized version )
  • Spectroscopic examination of the terbium preparations by Dr. G. Urbain . In: Session reports of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin, 1906, pp. 384–404 ( digitized version )
  • About the wide distribution of scandium on earth . In: Meeting reports of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin, 1908, pp. 851–868 ( digitized version )
  • About the wide distribution of scandium on earth II . In: Meeting reports of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin, 1910, pp. 404–426 ( digitized version )

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Albert Wangerin , August Gutzmer (ed.): Leopoldina . Official organ of the Leopoldine-Carolinian German Academy of Natural Scientists. 57th issue. On commission from Max Niemeyer, Halle 1921, p. 42 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
personal data
SURNAME Eberhard, Gustav
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Eberhard, Alexander Paul Julius Gustav (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German astronomer
DATE OF BIRTH August 10, 1867
PLACE OF BIRTH Gotha
DATE OF DEATH January 3, 1940
Place of death Potsdam