Gustav Koellmann

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Gustav Köllmann (born March 10, 1874 in Barmen [since 1930 Wuppertal ]; † May 5, 1966 in Langenberg [Rhineland] ) was a German mechanical engineer and industrialist .

During his studies in 1892 he became a member of the Karlsruhe fraternity Germania . After studying mechanical engineering at the TH Karlsruhe , Köllmann initially worked as an intern in Chemnitz and joined his father's machine factory in 1899, where he introduced machine tool construction . Gustav Köllmann was appointed military economics leader as head of an armaments company in the National Socialist German Reich .

Köllmann-Werke AG

Preference share for RM 1000 in Köllmann Werke AG from October 9, 1941

On July 18, 1904, Gustav Köllmann founded the mechanical workshop G. Köllmann GmbH in Leipzig and from 1905 onwards mainly produced precision gears . The company, which was renamed Zahnräderfabrik Köllmann GmbH on July 8, 1907 , later specialized in the manufacture of bevel gears for rear axles and change gears for the automotive industry , making it the first special factory in Germany in this field.

On August 21, 1912, Köllmann converted the company into a family company, the Zahnräderfabrik Köllmann-AG, with effect from January 1, 1912 . This company operated under the name of Köllmann-Werke AG from February 19, 1928 . In order to be able to manufacture the gear cutting tools that Köllmann needed for gear manufacturing himself, he founded the Köllmann Werkzeugfabrik GmbH in Leipzig in 1919 . During the First World War, production was carried out for the automobile, aircraft and airship industries. Since 1927, the Köllmann-Werke, in cooperation with the Deutsche Getriebe-Gesellschaft mbH Berlin , supplied the first synchronized railcar transmissions for the Deutsche Reichsbahn and other European railway companies.

In 1931 Gustav Köllmann finally took over Köllmann Maschinenbau GmbH , his brother's machine and gear factory in Langenberg , and built long milling machines there . In 1935 he founded the Köllmann-Getriebebau GmbH branch at Oststrasse 5 in Liebertwolkwitz near Leipzig (today Ostend 5 in the Leipzig district of Liebertwolkwitz) . In 1941, Köllmann took over the German Transmission Company in Berlin. At that time, Köllmann lived in a villa at Gohliser Friedensstrasse 6. During the Second World War , gearboxes for armament purposes (tanks, submarines, planes) were manufactured in the factories, which were 35% owned by the Thyssen Group and employed over 500 forced laborers . manufactured.

The Syndic of Köllmann Werkzeugfabrik GmbH , Wolfgang Heinze , was arrested by the Gestapo in 1944 for acts of resistance against National Socialism and executed on January 12, 1945 in Dresden.

The Köllmann-Werke after the Second World War

Gustav Köllmann was unanimously removed from office in November 1945 by a staff meeting. Two authorized signatories were arrested by the Soviet occupying forces for unknown reasons. The authorized signatory Edmund Beaumont died in March 1946 in the Soviet special camp No. 1 Mühlberg . A further denazification of senior employees has not been proven. In December 1945, Master Curt Deutsch ( KPD member) was appointed "acting head" of the Köllmann gear factory in Liebertwolkwitz by the office for operational restructuring at the district administrator in Leipzig .

The main plant in Leipzig and the tool factory at Torgauer Strasse 74 and 80 were dismantled by the Soviet occupying forces. In addition, the remaining parts of the Leipzig plant were nationalized on March 3, 1948 and placed under VVB Maschinenbau . The factory in Liebertwolkwitz operated as SAG for Maschinenbau Köllmann-Getriebebau GmbH from July 1, 1946 . Both parts of the company were finally merged in 1958 with the machine factory GE Reinhardt Buchdruck-Metallutensilien at Connewitzer Waisenhausstraße 19 (today Arno-Nitzsche-Straße) to form VEB vehicle transmission works »Joliot Curie« Leipzig , which from 1978 was subordinate to VEB IFA - Kombinat Nutzfahrzeuge Ludwigsfelde .

After the political change in 1990, the Connewitz factory became the gear factory Leipzig , which was relocated to the Liebertwolkwitz factory in 1991 and re- privatized in 1993 as Zahnradwerke Leipzig GmbH . However, after liquidity problems, the full execution took place in 1998. After the granting of loans by the German Compensation Bank, the Neue ZWL Zahnradwerk Leipzig GmbH was finally founded in 1999 . After extensive renovation, the Leipzig City Archives moved into the factory building on Torgauer Strasse, which was converted by Otto Droge in 1938.

Share of DM 400 in Köllmann Werke AG from February 1953

The west German company headquarters were relocated to Langenberg in 1949 and to Düsseldorf-Heerdt in 1951 , where production was also relocated. In 1955 it was taken over by the Ernst Thielenhaus machine factory , where in 1964 gearbox production and compressor / mechanical engineering were combined in a new plant in Wuppertal. With reorganization of Thielenhaus group was 2002 Zahnradwerk Köllmann GmbH as Koellmann Airtec and Koellmann Gear in the Thiel Technologies GmbH incorporated.

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Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Willy Nolte (Ed.): Burschenschafter Stammrolle. List of the members of the German Burschenschaft according to the status of the summer semester 1934. Berlin 1934. p. 257.
  2. ^ A b Frank Schulz: Change of elite in industrial companies in the Leipzig economic area from 1945 to the beginning of the fifties. In: Werner Bramke, Ulrich Hess (Hrsg.): Economy and society in Saxony in the 20th century. , Leipziger Universitätsverlag, 1998, p. 214, ISBN 978-3931922887
  3. ^ Initiative group Lager Mühlberg e. V. (Ed.): Book of the Dead - Special Camp No. 1 of the Soviet NKVD, Mühlberg / Elbe , Mühlberg / Elbe, 2008, p. 46, ISBN 978-3000269998
personal data
SURNAME Köllmann, Gustav
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German mechanical engineer, industrialist
DATE OF BIRTH March 10, 1874
PLACE OF BIRTH Barmen
DATE OF DEATH May 5th 1966
Place of death Langenberg (Rhineland)