Gustav Wolff (psychiatrist)

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Gustav Wolff (born March 18, 1865 in Karlsruhe , † October 25, 1941 in Basel ) was a German-Swiss psychiatrist , university professor, author and translator.

Life

The son of a lawyer studied natural sciences in Heidelberg , Karlsruhe and Munich . He passed the secondary school teacher examination in Karlsruhe in 1889 and received his doctorate in Munich in the same year. From 1890 he studied medicine in Leipzig . In 1893 he passed the state examination in Heidelberg . He initially worked as a psychiatric assistant doctor in Nietleben and from 1895 at the psychiatric clinic in Würzburg . He completed his habilitation in 1897 in Würzburg for psychiatry. From November 1, 1898, he worked as a secondary doctor in the Friedmatt insane asylum in Basel. In 1904 he was appointed director of Friedmatt and associate professor for psychiatry at the University of Basel . From 1907 he was a full professor of psychiatry. In 1925 Wolff retired. In 1939 he was naturalized in Basel.

Wolff was an opponent of Darwin's theory of natural selection and a supporter of vitalism .

He translated Shakespeare's sonnets into German.

Wolff was elected a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina in 1932 .

He was married and had four children.

Publications

Scientific writings

  • The cuticle of the vertebrate pidermis. Geisendörfer, Heidelberg 1888 (= dissertation , University of Munich, 1888).
  • The Current State of Darwinism: A Lecture. Engelmann, Leipzig 1896.
  • On the histology of the pituitary gland of the normal and paralytic brain. Stahel, Würzburg 1897 (= dissertation , University of Würzburg, 1897).
  • About pathological dissociation of ideas. Voss, Hamburg 1897 (= habilitation thesis , University of Würzburg, 1897).
  • On the psychology of knowing. A biological study. Engelmann, Leipzig 1897.
  • Contributions to the criticism of Darwin's teaching. Collected and enlarged treatises. Georgi, Leipzig 1898.
  • Mechanism and Vitalism. Thieme, Leipzig 1902.
  • Clinical and critical contributions to the teaching of language disorders. Veit, Leipzig 1904.
  • The foundation of the theory of descent. Ernst Reinhardt, Munich 1907.
  • Life and Knowledge: Preparatory Work on a Biological Philosophy. Reinhardt, Munich 1933.

Translations

  • The Hamlet case. A lecture with an appendix: Shakespeare's Hamlet in a new German version. Reinhardt, Munich 1914.
  • William Shakespeare : Sonnets. English and German. New German translation by Gustav Wolff. Reinhardt, Munich 1939; New edition: Anaconda, Cologne 2014, ISBN 978-3-7306-0164-8 .

literature

  • Thomas Haenel: Friedmatt in the Gustav Wolff era. In: The same: On the history of psychiatry: Thoughts on the general and Basler psychiatry history. Birkhäuser, Basel 1982, ISBN 3-7643-1356-0 , pp. 122-153.
  • Hans-Rudolf Haller: Gustav Wolff (1865–1941) and his contribution to the doctrine of vitalism. Schwabe, Basel 1968.
  • Brief curriculum vitae in: Jürgen Peiffer : Hirnforschung in Deutschland 1849 to 1974: Letters on the development of psychiatry and neurosciences as well as the influence of the political environment on scientists (= writings of the mathematical and natural science class of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences. No. 13). Springer, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-540-40690-5 , p. 1125.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Member entry of Gustav Wolff at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on March 8, 2016.


personal data
SURNAME Wolff, Gustav
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Swiss psychiatrist
DATE OF BIRTH March 18, 1865
PLACE OF BIRTH Karlsruhe
DATE OF DEATH October 25, 1941
Place of death Basel