Julius King

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Julius King

Julius König ( Hungarian King Gyula ; born December 16, 1849 in Győr , † April 8, 1913 in Budapest ) was a Hungarian mathematician .

Life

Julius König, both literary and mathematically and scientifically gifted, studied medicine in Vienna and from 1868 in Heidelberg first of all. After working with Hermann von Helmholtz on electrical stimulation of nerves, he received his doctorate in 1870 under the then very well-known Leo Königsberger with the mathematical subject on the theory of the modular equations of elliptical functions . The dissertation comprises 24 pages. In Berlin, König deepened his mathematical studies with Leopold Kronecker and Karl Weierstrass and then went to Budapest as a lecturer. In 1874 he was appointed professor at the Technical University there, where he worked throughout his life - for three terms each as dean and rector . In 1889 he became a member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. In 1905 he retired, but continued to give lectures on his areas of interest. His son Dénes König also emerged as a mathematician.

plant

König worked in many mathematical fields. With his investigations into polynomial ideals, discriminants and elimination theory, he can be regarded as a link between Leopold Kronecker and David Hilbert as well as Emmy Noether .

König is remembered primarily because of his contributions to Cantor's set theory , including König's theorem .

Cantor and King

Georg Cantor initially held König in high regard. In a letter to Philip Jourdain in 1905, he wrote:

“ You will have heard that Mr. Julius König from Budapest was misled by a generally wrong sentence from Mr. Bernstein, in Heidelberg at the international. Congress of mathematicians to give a lecture against my proposition, which says that every “set” ie every “consistent plurality” has an aleph. What König himself has contributed positively is in any case good and beautiful. "

Cantor later revised his attitude towards König:

“ What Kronecker and his students and Gordan said against set theory , what König, Poincaré and Borel wrote against it, will soon be recognized by everyone as 'sheet metal'! "(1912 in a letter to Hilbert)
“ Then it will be shown that Poincarés and König's attacks on set theory are nonsensical. "(1913 in a letter to Hermann Amandus Schwarz )

Fonts

  • On the theory of the modular equations of elliptical functions , dissertation, Heidelberg 1870.
  • About a real illustration of the so-called non-Euclidean geometry , messages from the Königl. Society of Sciences and the Georg-August University of Göttingen, No. 9 (1872) 157-164.
  • Introduction to the general theory of algebraic quantities , Leipzig 1903.
  • On the continuum problem , negotiations at the 3rd International Congress of Mathematicians in Heidelberg from August 8th to 13th, 1904. Leipzig 1905, pp. 144–147. ( digital )
  • On the continuum problem , Mathematische Annalen 60 (1905) 177–180.
  • On the basics of set theory and the continuum problem , Mathematische Annalen 61 (1905) 156-160.
  • On the basics of set theory and the continuum problem (Second Part), Mathematische Annalen 63 (1907) 217–221.
  • New foundations of logic, arithmetic and set theory , Leipzig 1914.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Meschkowski, Nilson, Georg Cantor, Briefe, Springer 1991, Letter No. 176, p. 442
  2. ↑ Meschkowski, Nilson, Georg Cantor, Briefe, Springer 1991, Letter No. 182, p. 460
  3. ↑ Meschkowski, Nilson, Georg Cantor, Briefe, Springer 1991, Letter No. 183, p. 464
personal data
SURNAME King, Julius
ALTERNATIVE NAMES King, Gyula
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Hungarian mathematician
DATE OF BIRTH December 16, 1849
PLACE OF BIRTH Győr
DATE OF DEATH April 8, 1913
Place of death Budapest