Hafnium nitride

Crystal structure
__ Hf 3+      __ N 3−
General
Surname	Hafnium nitride
other names	Hafnium (III) nitride Hafnium mononitride
Ratio formula	HfN
Brief description	dark gray to brown solid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 25817-87-2 EC number 247-282-3 ECHA InfoCard 100,042,970 Wikidata Q4321606
properties
Molar mass	192.50 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	11.7 g cm −3
Melting point	3305 ° C
solubility	almost insoluble in water
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling no classification available
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Hafnium nitride is an inorganic chemical compound of hafnium from the group of nitrides .

Extraction and presentation

Hafnium nitride can be prepared using the same methods as titanium nitride .

• This is how hafnium nitride is obtained during the synthesis from the elements at 1400 ° C to 1500 ° C.

${\displaystyle \mathrm {2\ Hf+N_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {1400-1500\;^{\circ }{\text{C}}}}\ 2\ HfN} }$

• In the production of hafnium nitride from hafnium (IV) chloride by the growth process , a lower temperature (2000 to 2400 ° C) is required in the presence of hydrogen (H ₂ + N ₂ or ammonia ) than in pure nitrogen (2900 ° C). In the latter case, the deposition takes place significantly more slowly than in the presence of hydrogen.

• Under high pressure conditions, ammonolysis or reaction of hafnium nitride with nitrogen forms a hafnium nitride Hf ₃ N _{4 of} the cubic Th ₃ P ₄ type with the space group I 4 3 d .

properties

Hafnium nitride is a dark gray to yellow-brown odorless solid. It is electrically conductive and has a cubic crystal structure of the sodium chloride type with the space group Fm 3 m (no. 225) . Due to voids in the lattice structure, the real density of hafnium nitride is only 11.70 g · cm ⁻³ instead of the 13.39 g · cm ⁻³ determined on the basis of lattice structure analyzes with X-ray methods . It is a very hard and stable material and has a Vickers hardness of 46 GPa.

use

Hafnium nitride is used as a sputtering material to increase the stability of diodes, transistors and electronic circuits. It is also used as a coating material for cutting tools, as it is the most stable hard material with a high melting temperature.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Roger Blachnik (Ed.): Pocket book for chemists and physicists . Volume III: Elements, Inorganic Compounds and Materials, Minerals . founded by Jean d'Ans, Ellen Lax. 4th, revised and revised edition. Springer, Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-540-60035-3 , pp. 479 ( limited preview in Google Book search). .
2. ↑ ^{a b} M. E. Straumanis, CA Faunce: The imperfect structure of hafnium nitride and the bonding problem. In: Journal of Inorganic and General Chemistry. 353, 1967, pp. 329-336, doi : 10.1002 / zaac.19673530514 .
3. ↑ READE: Hafnium Nitride Powder (HfN) ( Memento of the original dated August 6, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
4. ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
5. ↑ ^{a b c} Georg Brauer (ed.), With the collaboration of Marianne Baudler a . a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume II, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-432-87813-3 , p. 1379.
6. ↑ ^{a b} Dzivenko, Dmytro: High-pressure synthesis, structure and properties of cubic zirconium (IV) - and hafnium (IV) nitrides. Dissertation (2009), urn : nbn: de: tuda-tuprints-18742
7. ↑ Werner Martienssen, Hans Warlimont: Springer Handbook of Condensed Matter and Materials Data. Springer, 2005, ISBN 9783540304371 , p. 468 ( limited preview in Google book search).
8. ^ ^{A b} Dale L. Perry: Handbook of Inorganic Compounds, Second Edition. Taylor & Francis US, 2011, ISBN 1439814627 , p. 194 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
9. ↑ Derya Deniz: Texture evolution in metal nitride (aluminum nitride, titanium nitride, hafnium nitride) thin films prepared by off-normal incidence reactive magnetron sputtering. ProQuest, 2008, ISBN 9781109037821 , p. 6 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
10. ↑ Serope Kalpakjian, Steven R. Schmid, Ewald Werner: materials technology. Pearson Deutschland GmbH, 2011, ISBN 978386894006-0 , p. 634 ( limited preview in the Google book search)
11. ↑ Hmt, Hmt, H. M T. Bangalore: Production Technology. Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 2001, ISBN 9780070964433 , p. 41 ( limited preview in Google book search).