Grove loosestrife

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Grove loosestrife
Grove loosestrife

Grove loosestrife

Systematics
Asterids
Order : Heather-like (Ericales)
Family : Primrose Family (Primulaceae)
Subfamily : Myrsine family (Myrsinoideae)
Genre : Loosestrife ( Lysimachia )
Type : Grove loosestrife
Scientific name
Lysimachia nemorum
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The grove loosestrife ( Lysimachia nemorum ) is a species of the subfamily of the myrsine family (Myrsinoideae). It occurs in Europe in deciduous deciduous forests and at first glance resembles the more common pennywort .

description

The grove loosestrife is a wintering green, perennial herbaceous plant that grows creeping to ascending. The stems reach lengths of 10 cm to 30 cm. They can take root, but usually only in the lower part. All parts of the plant are hairless.

The opposite , egg-shaped leaves are 2 to 3 cm long and translucent dotted. In contrast to the Pfennigkraut, they are triangularly pointed to short prickly pointed.

Flower of the black loosestrife

The flowering period extends from May to July. The yellow flowers stand individually on long stalks in the leaf axils . The sepal lobes are linear to subpulate. The crown is divided almost to the bottom, and mostly spread out more or less like a wheel. With a length of 5 to 8 mm, the petals are significantly smaller than those of the other European yellow loosestrife species.

The species has chromosome number 2n = 16, 18 or 28.

ecology

The vegetative reproduction occurs through runners . The flowers close in cloudy weather.

The fruit set is good; In contrast to the pennywort , the grove loosestrife also propagates through seeds in Central Europe . The 1.5 mm long seeds spread as rainworms. The fruit ripeness extends from September / October to December.

Occurrence

The grove loosestrife occurs in temperate Europe and in southern Europe. It is quite common in the mountains, especially in the subalpine area. Otherwise it is widespread in clear areas of damp mixed deciduous or deciduous forests, at the edges of the forest , but does not occur frequently.

The grove loosestrife needs moist or at least fresh, nutrient-rich, often low-lime, humus-rich, loose, stony loamy soil in locations with high humidity. At its locations, it often forms unobtrusive, loose stands. It inhabits mountain and ravine forests, alluvial forests, and in the mountains also green alder bushes. In Central Europe it is a weak species of the Carici-remotae-Fraxinetum, but also occurs in damp Fagion or Adenostylion societies, in societies of the Cardamino-Montion association or in the Epilobio-Geranietum robertiani of the Alliarion association.

It is absent in the lowlands and in the low mountain ranges with calcareous rock in larger areas and in those with sandstone in smaller areas; due to a lack of tolerance to dry air, it is also absent in the central European arid regions. In the mountains it rises to the tree line. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises up to 1650 meters above sea level on the Wertacher Horn in Bavaria.

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literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Rudolf Schubert , Klaus Werner, Hermann Meusel (eds.): Excursion flora for the areas of the GDR and the FRG . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 14th edition. tape 2 : vascular plants . People and knowledge, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-06-012539-2 .
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe , Franckh-Kosmos-Verlag, 2nd revised edition 1994, 2000, Volume 3, ISBN 3 440-08048-X

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  742 .
  2. ↑ a b Ruprecht Düll , Herfried Kutzelnigg : Pocket dictionary of the plants of Germany and neighboring countries. The most common Central European species in portrait . 7th, corrected and enlarged edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1 .
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 322.

Web links

Commons : Loosestrife ( Lysimachia nemorum )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files