Hank (unit)

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Hank (British English for " skein "), also Lespe, was an Anglo-Saxon measure of length for yarn that was tied to the region and material. It is still used today to measure the length of natural casings .

As a measure of yarn

When winding the yarn on the Zählhaspel even Weife called a regionally different number of so-called was sequentially each thread (English thread ) to a "container" (English lea , cut or wrap ) tied or tied (hence the name "container"). A certain number of bundles ultimately formed the finished strand of yarn. One thread was measured by one full turn of a reel. The thread length was therefore dependent on the circumference of the reel, which in turn was also determined by the material of the yarn to be measured, i.e. cotton , wool , linen or hemp .

Thread numbering

Depending on the material of the yarn, the measure was also used to determine the yarn count . The number of hanks or leas per 1 Avoirdupois pound gave the English yarn number.

  • Yarn # 10: 8400 yards / pound (7680.8 meters / 453.5924277 grams )
  • # 50 yarn: 42,000 yards / pound
  • # 100 yarn: 84,000 yards / pound
  • # 200 yarn: 168,000 yards / pound
  • Thread # 350: 294,000 yards / pound

Linen yarn

  • 1 thread = 2½ yards = 1013 7/20 Paris lines = 2.285 yards
  • 1 lea / cut = 120 threads = 300 yards
  • 1 army = 2 leas
  • 1 slip = 3 army = 6 leas
  • 1 hank = 12 leas
  • 1 hesp (piece) = 2 hanks
  • 1 spindle = 2 hesps = 14,400 yards

Cotton yarn

  • 1 thread = 1.5 yards = 608 Paris lines = 1.571 meters
  • 1 Lea / Cut / Skein = 80 threads = 120 yards = 109.726 meters
  • 1 hank = 7 leas / skeins = 840 yards = 768.08 meters
  • 1 spindle = 18 hanks = 15,120 yards

worsted

  • 1 thread / tum = 1 yard = 405 7/20 Paris lines = 0.914 meters
  • 1 skein / lea = 80 threads = 80 yards
  • 1 hank = 7 skeins = 560 yards
  • 1 dozen (dozen) = 12 hanks = 6720 yards
  • 1 large = 12 dozen = 80,640 yards

Machine yarn

  • 1 lea = 300 yards
  • 1 hank = 10 leas
  • 1 bundle / bole = 20 hanks = 200 leas = 60,000 yards

or

  • 1 Hank = 12 Leas (so-called "Irish Weife")
  • 1 bundle = 16 ⅔ hanks = 200 leas
  • 1 pack = 3 bundles of coarser yarn = 180,000 yards
  • 1 pack = 6 bundles of finer yarn = 360,000 yards

also possible:

  • 1 thread = 3 yards
  • 1 lea / cut = 100 threads = 300 yards

Very fine yarns were reeled on a 1½ reel.

Scottish reel measure

  • 1 lea = 300 yards
  • 1 edge = 6 leas = 1800 yards
  • 1 spindle scotch = 38 leas = 14400 yards
  • 1 dozen (dozen) = 12 rands = 72 leas = 21,600 yards

As a measure for natural casing

The intestines of sheep and pigs used for sausage production are sold in packs of 1 hank each = 100 yards = approx. 91 meters - as the sum of partial lengths.

See also

Other terms for the measure of strands of yarn:

literature

  • Karl Karmarsch : Manual of mechanical technology, Volume 2. Verlag Helwing, 1858, p. 1164.
  • Carl Heinrich Schmidt: Textbook of the spinning mechanics. Volume 1, Verlag BG Teubner, Leipzig 1857, p. 38.
  • Christian Noback , Friedrich Eduard Noback : Complete paperback of the coin, measure and weight relationships. Volume 1, FA Brockhaus, Leipzig 1851, p. 544.
  • Eduard Döring: Handbook of coin, exchange, measure and weight. Verlag J. Hölscher, Koblenz 1862, p. 500.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Johann Friedrich Krüger: Complete manual of the coins, dimensions and weights of all countries in the world… . Publisher G. Basse, Quedlinburg / Leipzig 1830, p. 87.
  2. ^ Gustav Theodor Fechner: Das Hauslexikon: Complete manual of practical life knowledge for all classes. Breitkopf and Härtel Verlag, 1836, p. 285.
  3. ^ Karl Karmarsch: Handbuch der mechanical Technologie, Volume 2. Verlag Helwing, 1858, p. 1164.
  4. ↑ Carl Heinrich Schmidt: Textbook of Spinning Mechanics. Volume 1, Verlag BG Teubner, Leipzig 1857, p. 127
  5. ↑ Johann Friedrich Krüger : Complete manual of the coins, dimensions and weights of all countries in the world… . Publisher G. Basse, Quedlinburg / Leipzig 1830, p. 87.
  6. ↑ Johannes Rudolf Wagner: Theory and Practice of Trades: Handbook and textbook of technology for businessmen for self-teaching and for use at universities and technical schools, Volume 4 . Verlag O. Wigand, 1862, p. 267.
  7. ↑ Karl Karmarsch: Handbook of Mechanical Technology, Volume 2 . Verlag Helwing, 1858, p. 1164.
  8. ^ Karl Karmarsch: Handbuch der mechanical Technologie, Volume 2. Verlag Helwing, 1858, p. 1164.
  9. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from April 20, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. PS Seasoning (USA) sales catalog accessed April 10, 2012.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.psseasoning.com
  10. ↑ http://www.naturalcasing.com.cn/eProduct_Sheep01.asp Catalog from LANGFANG XIN AN DE BAO CASING & FOODSTUFF CO., LTD. (China) Retrieved April 10, 2012.