Hans Schuster (sports scientist)

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Hans Schuster (born December 4, 1928 in Freital ; † September 19,  2009 ) was a German sports scientist and university professor .

Life

Schuster worked as a new teacher after the Second World War  , after which he studied at the Karl Marx University in Leipzig until 1951 , and in 1956 he completed his doctoral thesis at the German University of Physical Culture  (DHfK) in Leipzig (subject: “The struggle of the Workers' Gymnastics Association about the recruitment and proletarian education of the youth before the first imperialist world war: 1893 - 1914 ”). After Schuster had worked for the State Committee for Physical Culture and Sport in Berlin , he took up the position of head of the DHfK research center at the beginning of 1960. In 1965 he took up a professorship for competitive sports. From 1965 to 1967 he was rector of the DHfK. Schuster was one of the main initiators of the establishment of the Research Institute for Physical Culture and Sport (FKS) at the DHfK, which he headed from its foundation in 1969 to 1990. In his scientific work, Schuster dealt, among other things, with aspects of young talent, endurance training, performance analysis in top-class sports and athletic performance development. According to Schuster's own assessment, two of his research areas were particularly important: He was intensively concerned with the development of goals, tasks and methodology as the basis for programs for children and youth training as well as with the basics of training planning and evaluation such as determining the content of Framework training plans. He analyzed the political significance of competitive sports, including that of the Olympic Games, and considered competitive sports to be part of the “class struggle”. Schuster is said to have had a decisive influence on the development of competitive sport in the German Democratic Republic. In his dissertation submitted in 2002, Andreas Ritter described him as a “pioneer of the GDR competitive sports system”. According to Alfons Lehnert's assessment , Schuster gained an "excellent reputation worldwide as a long-term director of the Research Institute for Physical Culture and Sport in Leipzig".

In April 1957, Schuster was elected to the board of directors at the founding conference of the German Gymnastics and Sports Association (DTSB), and from 1966 he was a member of the DTSB's executive committee. At the international level, Schuster was a member of the Research Committee of the World Council for Physical Culture and Sport from 1960 to 1969.

In the books "Doping in the GDR: A historical overview of a conspiratorial practice" by Giselher Spitzer , "Doping in top-class sport - sports-scientific analyzes of national and international performance development" by Andreas Singler and Gerhard Treutlein as well as "Hormones and high performance: Doping in East and West ”by Klaus Latzel and Lutz Niethammer  , Schuster is mentioned in connection with doping research and in connection with the practice of administering doping substances to competitive athletes, including anabolic steroids , in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. Schuster is described by Spitzer as the "founder of anabolic doping". For example, Schuster initiated “an (initially decentralized) anabolic phase” in 1964, according to Spitzer's article “Origin and Functioning of GDR Forced Doping: Doping in a Closed System and the Limits of Biological Performance” in that of Latzel and Niethammer published book. “After civil sport had not followed its initiative to use anabolic steroids, Schuster, in his function as an unofficial employee of the MfS with the code name GMS 'HANS', approached the Minister for State Security Erich Mielke , who according to the files he was interested in the new hormone doping could". Singler and Treutlein say that Schuster “ensured the spread of anabolic doping in the GDR”.

Individual evidence

  1. a b Alfons Lehnert: Commemoration: Prof. em. Dr. Hans Schuster. In: CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE HISTORY OF SPORTS, ISSUE 29 / 2009. Accessed on January 31, 2019 .
  2. Hans Schuster: The struggle of the Arbeiter-Turnerbund for the recruitment and the proletarian education of the youth before the first imperialist world war: 1893 - 1914 / . 1956 ( uni-leipzig.de [accessed on January 31, 2019]).
  3. ^ Rectors of the DHfK . In: Gerhard Lehmann, Lothar Kalb, Norbert Rogalski, Detlev Schröter and Günther Wonneberger (eds.): German University for Physical Culture Leipzig 1950-1990 . Meyer & Meyer, Aachen 2007, ISBN 978-3-8403-0034-9 , pp. 12 .
  4. On some current concerns of the sport-specific management of the young athletes. In: Theory and Practice of Competitive Sports. 1973, accessed January 31, 2019 .
  5. Some basics of endurance training (thematic booklet). In: Theory and Practice of Competitive Sports. 1970, accessed January 31, 2019 .
  6. Performance and results analysis of the XXI. Summer Olympics 1976. In: Theory and practice of competitive sport. 1977, accessed January 31, 2019 .
  7. THE FUTURE POSSIBILITIES OF SPORTING PERFORMANCE DEVELOPMENT THROUGH HIGHER EFFECTIVENESS OF TRAINING LOAD. In: Theory and Practice of Competitive Sports. 1987, accessed January 31, 2019 .
  8. 50 years ago - the research center was founded at the DHfK. Interview with HANS SCHUSTER. In: Contributions to Sports History, Issue 22. 2006, accessed on January 31, 2019 .
  9. ^ On the role and function of socialist competitive sport in the GDR. In: Theory and Practice of Competitive Sports. 1973, accessed January 31, 2019 .
  10. Hans Schuster, Gerhard Oehmigen: On the sport-political assessment of the 1972 Summer Olympics . In: Theory and Practice of Competitive Sports . tape 11 (1973) 8 , 1973, pp. 3-16 .
  11. ^ Andreas Ritter: Changes in the control of GDR high-performance sport in the 1960s and 1979s. 2002, accessed January 31, 2019 .
  12. Horst Röder: ON THE COOPERATION OF SPORTS PRACTICE AND SPORTS SCIENCE IN COMPETITIVE SPORTS IN THE GDR. In: Contributions to the history of sports. SPORT AND SOCIETY e. V., issue 42, accessed on January 31, 2019 .
  13. Giselher Spitzer: Doping in the GDR: A historical overview of a conspiratorial practice. Genesis - responsibility - dangers (doping, enhancement, prevention in sport, leisure and work) . Sportverlag Strauss, 1998, ISBN 978-3-86884-017-9 , p. 230, 231, 336 f .
  14. ^ A b Andreas Singler, Gerhard Treutlein: Doping in elite sport - sports-scientific analyzes of national and international performance development . Meyer & Meyer Sport, Aachen 2012, ISBN 978-3-89899-192-6 .
  15. Klaus Latzel, Lutz Niethammer: Hormones and high performance: Doping in East and West . Böhlau, Cologne 2008, ISBN 978-3-412-20123-4 , pp. 79 .
  16. a b Giselher Spitzer: Origin and functioning of the GDR compulsory doping: Doping in a closed system and the limits of biological performance . In: Klaus Latzel, Lutz Niethammer (Hrsg.): Hormones and high performance: Doping in East and West . Böhlau, Cologne 2008, ISBN 978-3-412-20123-4 , pp. 70 .