House Langendreer
The house Langendreer in the same district of Bochum went how many Westphalian noble residences from a farm produce and was mentioned around 884 for the first time. Until the 15th century it was the headquarters of the Schulten von Dreer, who had been based there since around 1300. Not much of the former moated castle has survived since the manor house was demolished in 1908.
The property is located on Langendreer's main street, directly on the S-Bahn line 1 (between Dortmund and Düsseldorf) near the Langendreer train station .
history
As a feudal estate of Count Dietrich von Altena-Isenberg , Haus Langendreer was mentioned in documents in 1266 as the property of the Knights of Ovelacker . The former farm was rebuilt in the 14th century. A stone mansion was built next to the farm yard, which, like the farm buildings, stood on an island surrounded by a moat . This knight's seat was first mentioned in a document in 1436 under the name Leitenborg , although the first lords of Dreer appeared in the first half of the 14th century.
When Dietrich von Dreer died childless in 1447, his sister Bate inherited the property and, through her marriage to Arndt von der Borch (also Borg) in 1448, brought it to this noble family from East Westphalia . Dietrich von der Borch introduced the Reformed faith in Langendreer in 1554, which is why Colonel La Berlotte, who was in Spanish service, conquered and destroyed Haus Langendreer in 1599 for the purpose of "exterminating heretics". Towards the end of the 16th century, the family, who owned numerous other estates, gave up the property as a residence and left it to the estate manager as an apartment.
When Franz Dietrich and Allhard Philipp von der Borch divided the estate in 1642, with the latter taking over the goods in Langendreer, the von der Borch family settled back there for a long time. Allhard Philipp had the dilapidated house torn down in 1643 or 1645 and built a new two-wing complex with a hipped roof . In addition to large cellars, the simple quarry stone building had two floors, the upper one of which housed a knight's hall . An outside staircase led to its entrance . In the inner corner of the two wings of the building stood a central stair tower , which was crowned by a baroque Welschen dome with a lantern .
Langendreer remained the family's official residence in the years that followed, but its owners, as canons, officers, civil servants and diplomats, were often absent for a very long time.
When Adrian Allhard von der Borch married the heir to the other branch of the family, all the goods were reunited into one property, and Adrian Allhard gave up Langendreer as a place of residence in 1792. From then on, the management of the extensive property was the responsibility of a rent master . These ensured that the farm buildings of the complex were kept in good condition, but not the manor house. The stair tower therefore collapsed in the 1890s.
A descendant of Adrian, Alhard Freiherr von der Borch, sold Haus Langendreer with around 138 hectares of land in 1905 for 10,200 marks to the mining company Louise Tiefbau, who had the run-down manor house demolished in 1908 and only used a preserved farm building as workers' accommodation.
House Langendreer today
Due to the demolition of the manor house, only parts of the former complex have been preserved. A red paved area framed by a beech hedge marks the former location of the main building. The structure still preserved today has been restored in the recent past .
The most striking preserved building is the so-called west building , a quarry stone nave with a stepped gable , which probably dates from the Renaissance . A two-arched stone bridge leads from the west over the only partially existing and now dry moat to the former gate of the one-story house, which has served as a barn, courtroom and workers' accommodation throughout its history. In its roof turret hangs a copy of a bell cast in 1738, which is now in the Märkisches Museum in Witten .
Parts of the former curtain wall , two gate pillars and a corner tower with a tent roof in the northeast of the complex are still preserved. The tower is - probably incorrectly - also referred to as the prison tower , and has Renaissance style features.
The Langendreer house has been the property of the Westphalia-Lippe Regional Association since 1969, which now operates three special needs schools for children and young people on the site. The school at Haus Langendreer, a special school with a special focus on physical and motor development, the Hasselbrink School, a special school with a special focus on language (secondary level I) and the school at Leithenhaus, a special school with a special focus on hearing and communication with an affiliated kindergarten for deaf children.
literature
- Albert Ludorff (edit.): The architectural and art monuments of the district of Bochum-Land (= The architectural and art monuments of the province of Westphalia . Volume 23). Schöningh, Münster 1907, pp. 40–41 ( digitized version ).
- Stefan Pätzold: House Langendreer . In: Kai Niederhöfer (Red.): Burgen AufRuhr. On the way to 100 castles, palaces and mansions in the Ruhr region . Klartext Verlag , Essen 2010, ISBN 978-3-8375-0234-3 , pp. 23-26.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b We worry - We accuse . In: Castles and Palaces . Volume 8, No. 2, 1967, ISSN 0007-6201 , p. 62, doi: 10.11588 / bus.1967.2.41458 .
- ^ Hans H. Hanke: Haus Langendreer and the speaking hand , accessed on January 2, 2020.
- ^ A b S. Pätzold: House Langendreer. 2010 p. 26.
Coordinates: 51 ° 28 ′ 33 " N , 7 ° 19 ′ 37.1" E