Heidenröslein
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The Heidenröslein (original title; das -n- is a fugue-n ) or Heideröslein is one of the most popular poems by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe . It is also sung as a folk song and has been set to music by many composers , including Franz Schubert .
Emergence
The poem is based on the song She resembles a rose bush , the text of which appeared in 1602 in the collection of secular chaste songs and rheyms of Paul von der Aelst. The similarity, however, is mostly limited to the formal: Similar motifs appear in it: It blooms like a rose [...]. The rose will break off, a young boy will do that. The phrase Röslein auf der Heiden can also be found here several times . There is no evidence that Goethe knew this song. He wrote his text during his study visit to Strasbourg around 1770. At this time, the 21-year-old had a short but intense love affair with the Alsatian pastor's daughter Friederike Brion , to whom the poem was also addressed. Together with other poems and songs addressed to Friederike ( Mailied and others), the Heidenröslein is part of the Sesenheimer Lieder group .
A very similar poem in terms of motif was written by Johann Gottfried Herder , whom Goethe met in Strasbourg at the same time. Herders Die Blüthe uses the constellation plant - boy for a moralizing example:
Boy, boy let it stand / the kneading of sweet fragrances. / But the wild boy broke / the blossom of the tree, […] Do not break, oh boy, not too soon / the hope of sweet blossom. / Because soon alas soon it will wither / and then you will never see anywhere / the fruit of your blossom. / Sad, sad you look for it / too late, so fruit as blossom.
A poem more similar to the Heidenröslein can also be found in Herder, who did not write it himself, but as a collector of folk songs with the comment that it was about “a childish fable song” in 1773 in the sheets of Deutscher Kunst und Art “only from the Memory ”. Herder also included the song in the second volume of his folk songs in 1779 (published from the second edition of 1807 under the title Voices of the Peoples in Songs ). As a reference to the source, the table of contents contains the note “from the oral saga”. The most noticeable difference to the later Heidenröslein is the last stanza in which the boy has the upper hand:
The little rose struggled and stung. / But afterwards he forgot / while enjoying the suffering.
Since Goethe first published his poem in 1789, the relationship between the versions of Goethe and Herder is unclear.
Text (based on the last edition in 1827)
A boy saw a rose,
rose on the heath,
was so young and beautiful in the morning, he
ran quickly to see it close,
saw it with great joy.
Little rose, little rose, red rose, little
rose on the heath.
The boy said: I will break you,
little rose on the heathen!
Rose said: I will sting you, so
that you will think of me forever,
and I will not suffer it.
Little rose, little rose, red rose, little
rose on the heath.
And the rough boy picked
's rose on the heath;
Röslein
struggled and stabbed, Did
n't help him
hurt and oh, it just had to suffer.
Little rose, little rose, red rose, little
rose on the heath.
Settings
The Heidenröslein has three stanzas of seven verses each in four -part trochaes, the last two verses being repeated in each stanza in a typical song. In almost all musical settings of the poem, the melody and accompaniment of the three stanzas are the same, which is why the little Heidenröslein that is set to music is one of the verse songs .
The composer Franz Schubert composed the art song Heidenröslein D 257 on August 19, 1815. In his setting, he conceived this ambiguous poem with a small epilogue; besides Am Brunnen vor dem Tore, it is Schubert's best-known song.
In addition to Schubert's version, there are many melodies by other composers for this poem. The most popular and still very often sung as a folk song today comes from Heinrich Werner from Kirchohmfeld . On January 20, 1829, his version of the song was performed for the first time in the concert of the Braunschweiger Liedertafel , which he directed as a conductor.
Robert Schumann composed a version for mixed choir op. 67,3 in 1840, in which around half of his entire lied oeuvre was created. Even Franz Lehár set to music the text in his operetta Friederike , the Goethe Alsatian youth affair has on the subject.
Further settings of the poem come from a. by Andreas Romberg (1793), Johann Friedrich Reichardt (1794, later edited by Johannes Brahms , WoO 31 No. 6, 1857), Hans Georg Nägeli (1795), Moritz Hauptmann (1840) and Niels Wilhelm Gade (1889).
Setting by H. Werner
Adaptations
At the beginning of the 19th century, the poet Leberecht Dreves wrote a parody of the pre- March censorship with the title Freiheitsbüchlein ("A prince saw a little book ..."), which was sung to Heinrich Werner's melody to Goethe's Heidenröslein .
In 1954, a hit was very popular under the title Heideröslein , which freely adapted the subject of the poem. A hunter picks a rose here and gives it to a girl passing by. The chorus warns that the hunter will desire the young woman's heart in return for the rose. The text was written by Walter Rothenburg , the melody was written by Gerhard Winkler . Special gained popularity intake of Friedel Henschleben and Cyprys that in the charts of the magazine vending market , the no. 1 reached.
The New York singer Helen Schneider sang the song in 1978 on the television program Bios Bahnhof . The German rock band Rammstein addresses the poem Heidenröslein in the song Rosenrot and in some places is closely based on it. In contrast to the original - this is one of the possible interpretations - the woman enjoys the devotion and efforts of the man, while the latter has to suffer great pain if he fails.
The Japanese singer Shiina Ringo released the little Heideröslein - sung by her in German - on her album Utaite Myouri in 2002. Another rather idiosyncratic interpretation in the boogie-woogie style can be found on the album I think so I sing - on the way by Bodo Wartke . The Hamburg musician Achim Reichel published a version of the song on his album Volxlieder in 2006 under the title Röslein auf der Heiden, musically inspired by Heinrich Werner's setting.
The German singer Cristin Claas published the song Röslein on the album In the Shadow of Your Words in 2007. The German medieval metal band Rabenschrey wrote the song Röselein , which is also based on Goethe's poem.
Web links
- Goethe's “Heidenröslein” on postcards: Art - Kitsch - Caricature
- Heidenröslein. Postcard series in embossing
- Schubert's setting - free recording (MP3)
- Heidenröslein, D 257 (Schubert, Franz) : Sheet music and audio files in the International Music Score Library Project
Individual evidence
- ↑ It is like a well Rosenstock at lieder-archiv.de
- ^ Walter Hinck: Stations of German poetry: from Luther to the present: 100 poems with interpretations. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-20810-3 , p. 79 ff. ( Limited preview in the Google book search).
- ↑ Erich Trunz (Ed.): Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Poems. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-55248-9 , pp. 508-511 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
- ↑ Hermann August Korff: Goethe in the image change of his poetry. Volume 1 p. 77 ff. Hanau 1958.
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Herder : Von deutscher Art und Kunst: 1. Excerpt from an exchange of letters at Zeno.org .
- ^ Johann Gottfried von Herder: Volkslieder. Along with other pieces mixed in . Volume 2. Weygand, Leipzig 1779, p. 151 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
- ^ Johann Gottfried von Herder: Volkslieder. Along with other pieces mixed in . Volume 2. Weygand, Leipzig 1779, p. 307 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
- ↑ Werner Aderhold et al. (Ed.): Franz Schubert: Directory of his works in chronolog. Episode; [the little German]. Bärenreiter / dtv; Kassel / Basel; Vienna / Munich 1983, ISBN 3-423-03261-8 , p. 77.
- ^ Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau : Robert Schumann. The vocal work. dtv, Munich 1985, ISBN 3-423-10423-6 , p. 175.
- ^ Robert Schumann: Romances and Ballads, op. 67 : Sheet music and audio files in the International Music Score Library Project
- ↑ Heidenröslein. The LiederNet Archive
- ↑ David Robb, Eckhard John: Saw a prince standing a little book (2010). In: Popular and Traditional Songs. Historical-critical song lexicon of the German Folk Song Archive