Heinrich Böse (captain)

Heinrich Böse 1860 (portrait of the Oldenburg painter Christian Griepenkerl )

Bremer Jäger (left) around 1814

The “Bösehof” in Bederkesa, which Captain Böse bought as a retirement home in 1825, is now a hotel

Heinrich Böse - also known as Hauptmann Böse or the old Böse - (born April 14, 1783 in Bremen , † August 15, 1867 in Bremen) was a sugar manufacturer and captain of the Bremen volunteer hunter corps .

biography

Until the coalition wars

Böse was the son of the wealthy Bremen sugar manufacturer and merchant Johann Böse , whose family originally came from Stotel . After attending school until the age of twelve, he was raised by a French private teacher who belonged to the old noble family de Villaret . Then he wanted to study, but learned the trade at his father's request. Before 1807 he made numerous trips that took him to England, France, Spain and Portugal; In 1809 he traveled to Germany. Later he ran sugar factories in Bremen, Minden , Hoya and Rinteln together with his brothers . He married in 1812.

In Bremen he developed into a pole of resistance against the French occupation and secretly gathered patriotically minded citizens around him. He used his good contacts with the French city prefect to get useful information. When news of the fall of Napoleon's "Great Army" reached Germany in 1813, uprisings against the French broke out in March 1813 in the Elbmarschen. Heinrich Böse led the resistance in Bederkesa .

Establishment of the Bremen Voluntary Hunter Corps

With his own resources he founded the Bremen Voluntary Jäger Corps and became its captain. The Jäger Corps marched on France and reached Lille , but could not take an active part in the fighting.

Böse subsequently enjoyed a high reputation in Bremen and in 1815 was commissioned to organize a vigilante group in the city. Once again he made a voluntary Bremen Jäger Corps available to the Bremen Senate, but this time did not take over the command himself, but suggested his brother-in-law Franz Thorbecke as the leader of the company.

Further political activity

Heinrich Böse gave up his business as a sugar manufacturer and bought a country estate in Bederkesa. Here he gained considerable influence among the peasantry as an excellent public speaker. In 1825 he became an honorary citizen of Bremen . In 1838 he published a description of his activities during the French period in Bremen under the title Memories from the life of Captain Böse; For the good of the Bremen girl Anna Lühring , former Lützow foot hunter .

In 1848 he became a member of his district in Hanover and towards the middle of the 19th century he founded an aid association with the mayors from Steinau , Odisheim and Ihlienworth to alleviate the hardship caused by repeated floods in the Hadler Sietland . He had grain distributed and pigs slaughtered so that the population could eat.

The Land of Hadeln thanks him for the intellectual authorship of the Hadler Canal between Elbe and Weser, which was completed in 1860 .

Among his guests in 1842 and 1845 was the poet August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben (→ see: History of Hadeln and Wursten ).

Honors

Böse became an honorary citizen of the Hanseatic city of Bremen in 1825

In Bremen-Schwachhausen was captain-evil path named after him

A memorial plaque at the Waldschlößchen in Bad Bederkesa pays tribute to his life and describes him as a "fatherland and philanthropist"

literature

Karl Ernst Hermann Krause: Bad, Heinrich . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1876, p. 187.
Wilhelm von Bippen: History of the City of Bremen. Third volume. Hall a / S. and Bremen, 1904. C. Ed. Müller's publishing bookstore.
Historical society of the artists' association (ed.): Bremische Biographie des 19. Century . Winter, Bremen 1912, reprint: Schünemann, Bremen 1976.
Werner Kloos: Bremen Lexicon. A key to Bremen. Publisher HM Hauschild GMBH, Bremen, 1977.
Herbert Black Forest: History of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen in five volumes. Vol. 2: From the French period to the First World War (1810–1918). Edition Temmen, 1995, ISBN 3-86108-283-7 .
Herbert Black Forest : The Great Bremen Lexicon . 2nd, updated, revised and expanded edition. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-86108-693-X .
Margret Steinbrunn: Johann Böse and his family , Papierflieger-Verlag: Clausthal-Zellerfeld 2010, pp. 29–43.

Web links

Commons : Heinrich Böse - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c J. J. Cordes: Memories of Heinrich Böse . In: Men from the Morgenstern Heimatbund at the mouth of the Elbe and Weser. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No. 212 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven August 1967, p. 3 ( digital version [PDF; 4.0 MB ; accessed on October 12, 2018]).
^ Wilhelm von Bippen: History of the city of Bremen. Third volume. Hall a / S. and Bremen, 1904. C. Ed. Müller's publishing bookstore. Pp. 409-412.
↑ Bremische Biographie of the nineteenth century . Published by the historical society of the artists' association. Bremen: Verlag von Gustav Winter, 1912.

personal data
SURNAME	Bad, Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Captain Böse (pseudonym); the old bad (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	German merchant and officer
DATE OF BIRTH	April 14, 1783
PLACE OF BIRTH	Bremen
DATE OF DEATH	August 15, 1867
Place of death	Bremen

[böse-1] J. J. Cordes: Memories of Heinrich Böse . In: Men from the Morgenstern Heimatbund at the mouth of the Elbe and Weser. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No. 212 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven August 1967, p. 3 ( digital version [PDF; 4.0 MB ; accessed on October 12, 2018]).

[2] Wilhelm von Bippen: History of the city of Bremen. Third volume. Hall a / S. and Bremen, 1904. C. Ed. Müller's publishing bookstore. Pp. 409-412.

[3] Bremische Biographie of the nineteenth century . Published by the historical society of the artists' association. Bremen: Verlag von Gustav Winter, 1912.