Heinrich Krauer

Heinrich Krauer (born January 7, 1755 in Neuenkirch , † January 25, 1827 in Rothenburg ) was a Swiss medic and statesman .

Life

Education and medical profession

Krauer came from a simple farming family . He attended the Jesuit grammar school in Lucerne and then studied for five years at the Lucerne Faculty of Philosophy and Theology . He received a scholarship from the local government and was able to take up medicine. He completed this at the universities of Pavia and Heidelberg . He went on research trips to England , France and Italy and then completed his studies as a Dr. med. from.

After the attempt to obtain a professorship in philosophy at the Jesuit grammar school in Lucerne failed due to his secular status, Krauer began to practice as a doctor . From 1790 he practiced as a popular spa doctor in Bad Knutwil as well as in Kriens and Rothenburg . From 1798 to 1814 he devoted himself entirely to his political career and from 1819 until his death he was the district doctor of the Rothenburg District Court.

Political career

In 1798, Krauer made his first political appearance as a deputy in the peace negotiations with France . He was also a member of the Senate of the Helvetic Republic from 1798 to 1800 and a consultancy delegate at the end of 1802 . In the following years, from 1803 to 1814, he held a seat on the large and small councils of the Canton of Lucerne . He belonged to the Unitarians faction .

In the period from 1805 to 1814, Krauer alternately held various offices. During this time, he was mayor in Lucerne , president of the appellate court and board member. He also held other offices. During the mediation period from 1803 to 1813 he was a member of the Diplomatic Chamber and from 1803 to 1805 he was also a member of the Military Chamber. After the mediation government was deposed in 1814, he was offered a pension from secret funds, which he did not accept.

After a break from politics for a few years, Krauer returned to the political stage in 1819. From 1819 on he was a member of the Medical Commission and the Medical College, and from 1820 on he was again a Grand Councilor and was delegated to various meetings as an envoy or legation councilor .

His work is also significant due to the draft constitution presented together with Johann Melchior Kubli , which went down in history as the draft constitution of the 5th month. Some ideas from this draft constitution were incorporated into the Swiss Federal Constitution in 1848 .

literature

• Rainer J. Schweizer, Ulrich Zelger: All power to the people! The draft constitution by Senators Heinrich Krauer and Johann Melchior Kubli from 1800 as a milestone in Swiss constitutional history. In: Bernd Marquardt, Alois Niederstätter (Hrsg.): The law in cultural-historical change: Festschrift for Karl Heinz Burmeister on retirement. Konstanz 2002, pp. 305-339.
• Franz Joseph Schiffmann:  Krauer, Heinrich . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 17, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1883, p. 63 f.
• Eduard Pfyffer: Biographical sketch by Heinrich Krauer, Altschultheiß of the Canton of Lucerne. Räber, Lucerne 1827.

Web links

• Richard Abplanalp: Krauer, Heinrich. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .