Kriens
| Kriens | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| State : |
 Switzerland
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| Canton : |
 Lucerne (LU)
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| Constituency : | Lucerne Country |
| BFS no. : | 1059 |
| Postal code : | 6005 (Luzern - Kriens - Horw) 6010 (Kriens) 6011 (Kriens) 6012 (Obernau) 6013 (Schwarzenberg) |
| UN / LOCODE : | CH KRS |
| Coordinates : | 663 949 / 209640 |
| Height : | 490 m above sea level M. |
| Height range : | 442–1471 m above sea level M. |
| Area : | 27.30 km² |
| Residents: | 27,444 (December 31, 2018) |
| Population density : | 1005 inhabitants per km² |
|
Proportion of foreigners : (residents without citizenship ) |
17.6% (December 31, 2,015) |
| Website: | www.stadt-kriens.ch |
 View of Kriens |
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| Location of the municipality | |
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Kriens ( Swiss German Chrien (d) s [χriənds], [χriəns] ) is the third largest political municipality in terms of population and the second largest city in the Swiss canton of Lucerne . It lies at the foot of Mount Pilatus , borders Lucerne to the east and is the seat of one of Lucerne's four district courts .
geography
Kriens lies at the foot of the Pilatus. The city consists of the center (the urbanized, former village ) with various quarters, the Obernau district to the west of it, the hamlet of Hergiswald (5 km west of the village; 790 m above sea level ) on the Kriens-Eigenhal road and numerous individual farms on Mount Pilatus. Since around 2018, a new district has been built around Mattenhof station between the historic town center, the Lucerne Allmend and the Kuonimatt district. Projects such as Schweighof, Mattenhof 1 and 2 and Nidfeld are marketed under the collective term “Lucerne South”.
The border to the neighboring town of Lucerne to the east crosses the premises of the Eichhof brewery . From there in a north-westerly direction through the Gigeliwald and then west of the Lucerne district of Obergütsch and the Gütschwald to the Böschenhof farmstead . From there it goes in a slightly south-westerly direction, always along the northern slopes of the Sonnenberg and the Blattenberg to the Gspan homestead . There she turns to the southeast. It separates the hamlet Holderchäppeli ( 935 m above sea level ), goes over the Würzenegg ( 1164 m above sea level ), the Chraigütsch ( 1081 m above sea level ) and the Höchberg ( 1162 m above sea level ) zur Lauelenegg ( 1442 m above sea level ) northwest of the Pilatus . From there the municipal boundary leads over the Fräkmüntegg ( 1,469 m above sea level ) and the Bieli ( 1,373 m above sea level ) to the high forest in a north-easterly direction. From there it leads to the Steinibach and in its course to shortly before the Horw train station. From there it goes along the railway line from Horw to Lucerne in a northerly direction back to the premises of the Eichhof brewery.
The eastern part of Kriens lies in a valley floor (the districts of Kupferhammer and Grosshof near the city of Lucerne and Kuonimatt near Horw). From the Kupferhammer the terrain then rises gently in a westerly direction to Obernau (difference in altitude less than 90 meters; 468 m above sea level to 554 m above sea level ).
In the north of the village district lies the Sonnenberg, which is less forested in the Kriens part, and faces south . The slope south of it lies in a northerly direction and is called Schattenberg .
The Schattenberg is the first ascent to the Pilatus. In the lower part it has been cleared and partially built over. Most of the area west of Obernau and south of the village is forest. To the west of the Krienseregg - Fräkmüntegg line there are large areas of marshland. In it arise numerous tributaries of the Ränggbach, u. a. the Tschuggebach and the Rotbach called in the upper reaches of the Wissbach . The whole area forms the northern slope of the Pilatus.
The Lower Krienbach, which often caused storm damage before it was built, is important . It flows through the municipality and flows (covered) in Burgerstrasse (city of Lucerne) from the left into the Reuss . The Schlundbach and the Steinibach already mentioned flow in the direction of Horw and further into Lake Lucerne .
Just over half (50.5%) of the municipal area of 2734 ha is covered by forest and wood. Almost a sixth (16.9%) is settlement area and 31.6% is used for agriculture.
Kriens borders Hergiswil to the south, Horw to the south and east, the city of Lucerne to the north and east , Malters to the north- west and Schwarzenberg to the west .
population
The first growth spurt took place between 1816 and 1837. With the increasing settlement of industrial companies in the 19th century, the population rose sharply from 1850 to the First World War (1850–1910: +165.8%). After two decades of moderate growth, a second strong growth period followed until 1970 (1930–1970: +174.9%). In 1951 the 10'000. Residents are celebrated, in 1970 the 20,000. With the oil crisis, the population increase in the heavily industrialized community was slowed down. Nevertheless, Kriens is still one of the largest communities in the canton of Lucerne, only the city of Lucerne and Emmen have more inhabitants.
Sources: 1798–1837: Helvetic and cantonal censuses; Federal Office for statistics; 1850 to 2000 census results, 2010 ESPOP, since 2011 STATPOP
languages
The population uses a highly Alemannic dialect as their everyday language. In the last census in 2000, 89.36% said German, 2.55% Italian and 1.92% Serbo-Croatian as their main language.
Religions - denominations
The population used to be a closed member of the Roman Catholic Church. As of 2000, the religious landscape was as follows: There are 66.79% Roman Catholic, 15.82% Evangelical Reformed, 2.22% Orthodox and 0.19% Christian Catholic. There are also 7.44% non-religious, 3.28% Muslim, 0.76% followers of other non-Christian denominations and 0.57% Jews. The majority of Muslims are Albanians and Bosniaks; there are also several other ethnic groups. The Orthodox are mostly Serbs and Montenegrins. Most of the Jews are followers of the (orthodox) Hasidic direction of Judaism and are Swiss.
Origin - nationality
At the end of 2016, 22,165 of the 27,110 inhabitants were Swiss and 4,945 (= 18.24%) were foreigners. At the end of 2016, the ten most important migration groups came from Germany (913 people; 3.37%), Italy (642 people; 2.37%), Portugal (357 people; 1.32%), Kosovo (346 people; 1.28%) ), Serbia (275 people; 1.01%), Spain (196 people; 0.72%), Eritrea (182 people; 0.67%), Austria (156 people; 0.58%) and Macedonia (151 people ; 0.56%). At the end of 2015, a total of 18.6% of immigrants were of non-European origin.
history
In the oldest documents of the Benedictine monastery in the courtyard in Lucerne, Chrientes is listed as one of its 16 dinghies. The monastery received the area as a gift from two noble sisters. The originals of the document date from around 840 AD. In 1291 the Habsburgs acquired the community. It remained in their possession as part of the Rothenburg Office until after the Battle of Sempach . In 1392 the (city) Lucerne residents took over the role of liege lords. Kriens belonged to the Vogtei Horw-Kriens from 1421 to 1798 together with Horw and the Eigenhal. In 1653 the peasants rose up under the direction of Hans Spengler. It was part of the Lucerne District until 1803 and has belonged to the Lucerne Office ever since . As at the time of the French invasion of Switzerland, Kriens was also affected by acts of war during the time of the Freischaren and the Sonderbund .
In a vote on March 4, 2018, the voters of Kriens decided to designate the municipality as a city from January 1, 2019. At the same time, the coat of arms of the community was modified at this point so that the heraldic bear is now represented in a more heraldic way.
Surname
The origin as well as the meaning of the place name Kriens cannot be clearly established. The name probably comes from the Indo-European word * krei, which means something like "divide" or "separate". Presumably from this root an old European water body name * crientas was formed with a suffix -nt , which developed through Gallo-Roman forms to today's Kriens and was transferred from a body of water to the place. The first documentary mention of Kriens occurs in a document from the 9th century as Chrientes .
According to Angelo Garovi and Johann Ulrich Hubschmied , the Gallo-Romanic word Chrientas or Chrientes means something like "strewn grass" (with reference to the valley floor that was formerly overgrown with reeds and reeds).
politics
Residential Council (Legislative)
The concerns of the population are represented by a residents' council. It consists of 30 members and is elected every four years by proportional representation. From 2008 to 2016 the residents' council consisted of 36 members.
| Political party | 2020 | 2016 * | 2012 | 2008 | 2004 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SVP | 6th | 7th | 8th | 10 | 6th | |
| Green | 6th | 4th | 3 | 4th | 4th | |
| FDP | 6th | 6th | 7th | 7th | 6th | |
| SP | 5 | 5 | 6th | 6th | 6th | |
| CVP | 4th | 6th | 8th | 7th | 6th | |
| GLP | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| JCVP | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Young greens | - | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Young Socialists and Young Left | - | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Groupe Politique 60 Plus | - | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Chance21 | - | 0 | 0 | 0 |
* Reduction of the residents' council from 36 to 30 members
City Council (Executive)
The Kriens city council consists of five members. The mayor, the mayor and the social chief in full office and two members in secondary office. The city councils are elected every four years by majority vote.
The five city councils for the 2016-2020 legislative period are:
- Cyrill Wiget (GPS): Mayor
- Matthias Senn (FDP): site manager
- Lothar Sidler (CVP): Social Director
- Judith Luthiger-Senn (SP): Head of Education
- Franco Faé (CVP): Chief Financial Officer
A completely renewed city government was elected in the 2020 general renewal elections. After mayor Cyrill Wiget renounced another term in the summer of 2019, Lothar Sidler, Matthias Senn and Franco Faé also withdrew after the first ballot with a view to a second ballot. In the second ballot, Judith Luthiger, the fifth of the previous ones, did not achieve enough votes. Therefore, from September 1, 2020, the city council will be composed as follows:
- Christine Kaufmann (CVP): Mayor
- Maurus Frey (Greens): Site Manager
- Cla Büchi (SP): Social Director
- Marco Frauenknecht (SVP): Head of Education
- Roger Erni (FDP): Chief Financial Officer
Cantonal elections
In the 2019 Cantonal Council elections for the Canton of Lucerne, the share of the vote in Kriens was: SP 19.4%, SVP 18.3%, GPS 17.4%, FDP 16.8%, CVP 15.8%, glp 9.9%, EVP 1.5%.
National Council elections
In the 2019 Swiss parliamentary elections, the share of the vote in Kriens was: SVP 23.2%, CVP 18.9%, Greens 17.9%, SP 17.4%, FDP 13.5%, glp 7.8%.
Town twinning
-
San Damiano d'Asti , Piedmont , ( Italy )
economy
Around 2003 there were around 12,000 jobs in Kriens; two thirds of them in the service sector. The Pilatusmarkt Kriens is the fourth largest shopping center in Central Switzerland .
The Pilatus Railways have their headquarters here.
traffic
Supraregional
Kriens used to be connected to the Kriens-Luzern-Bahn (KLB). This stopped passenger traffic when the tram line to Kriens opened in 1900. Until 1998 it was still used for freight traffic to Kriens Dorf. In 2004, the tracks from the copper hammer to the village were removed when the main road was being renovated. At the end of 2009, KLB ceased operations completely and was liquidated.
The station Kriens Mattenhof is from the lines S4 Lucerne- Stans - Wolfenschiessen and S5 Lucerne- Sarnen - Giswil of Lucerne S-Bahn operated and has been in operation since December, of 2004. It is located in the south-eastern municipality near the Lucerne Allmend and thus away from the original town center in the Lucerne South development area . As part of the realization of the neighboring Mattenhof I and Mattenhof II superstructures , the train station, including the bus stop, is to be adapted to the increased number of passengers by 2020 with a new underpass , infrastructure suitable for the disabled and platform roofs .
Kriens has its own motorway connection to the A2 at Grosshof (south of the Sonnenberg tunnel) . Another connection to the A2 exists in the Schlund district (near the Pilatusmarkt), which also opens up the neighboring municipality of Horw .
Local transport
The main means of public transport between Lucerne and Kriens / Obernau are trolleybuses . The line 1 of the trolley Luzern , it is by the transport companies Luzern operated (VBL), leads from Ebikon-Fildern about Maihofquartier Luzern and Lucerne station to Kriens-Obernau. Trolleybus line 5 has been running as a tangent from Kriens-Zentrum via Lucerne-Pilatusplatz to Emmenbrücke since 2017, i.e. it does not go to Lucerne station. For this, the cycle of line 1 was thinned out, which has led to criticism.
The bus lines 15 (Kriens local bus) and 16 (Kriens - Mattenhof - Kuonimatt - Horw Zentrum - Horw Spitz) connect various districts of Kriens by public transport.
Since 2013 the bus line 21 has been running from Lucerne via Kastanienbaum and Horw Zentrum via Pilatusmarkt to Kriens Busschleife. Bus line 14 has also been re-operated since this date and runs from Horw Zentrum via the Pilatusmarkt shopping center , the Schlund industrial park in Kriens and along the eastern border from Kriens to Lucerne and on to St. Anna Clinic and the Würzenbach district in Lucerne. This connects the Lucerne cultural center "Südpol", located in the municipality of Kriens, directly to the Lucerne train station.
The postbus line 71 takes you from Lucerne via Kriens to the Eigental . Since the timetable change in December 2011, there have also been a few “express routes” on the Lucerne train station - Kriens bus loop, entry and exit are at all stops on route 71. These are actually transfers of Postbuses from the bus depot in Kriens to Lucerne, which are up to had previously been carried out empty. This additional offer is intended to relieve the heavily loaded VBL Line 1 somewhat.
school
In Kriens there are twelve school centers for the primary level and three school centers for the secondary level I. In addition to the primary school classes from the 1st to 6th level, the small classes A, B and C as well as the learning studio for gifted students are offered. Levels A, B and C are taught at secondary level. In addition, there are four classes of bridge courses in the Canton of Lucerne in Kriens.
In the district Obernau Swiss, Orthodox Jewish was 1968-2015 Talmud -Hochschule Yeshiva . Operation was discontinued in 2015 due to a lack of funds.
leisure
Recreation
The Parkbad Kriens outdoor pool has a lawn for sunbathing and playing. A 50 m long swimming pool, which is also used for swimming competitions, play and paddling pools, diving and slide towers are also available, as well as a beach volleyball facility, a barbecue area and a self-service restaurant.
The most famous hiking area in the region is the Pilatus with its foothills. The mountain can be climbed on foot or with the Pilatusbahn . A panorama gondola lift leads from the Kriens valley station to the Fräkmüntegg station (journey time approx. 30 minutes at 1,416 m above sea level ), where you change to the aerial cable car to go to the Pilatus Kulm ( 2,132 m above sea level ). to get. There is a children's play area and barbecue areas below the Krienseregg cable car station . In addition to the Fräkmüntegg train station, there is the largest climbing park in Central Switzerland , the Pilatus rope park, and Switzerland's longest summer toboggan run at 1350 m . Sledges are available for use at the station in winter . In good snow conditions, you can toboggan almost to the valley station.
The “steepest cogwheel railway in the world”, the Pilatusbahn, runs from May to November and starts in Alpnach Dorf. On the way to the Pilatus Kulm, the train covers 4618 m.
Furthermore, the Sonnenbergbahn, which opened in 1902, runs from Kriens to the Sonnenberg .
Sports
The most famous sports club in the municipality is the football club SC Kriens , which temporarily competed in the National League A. He has now been relegated to the first division (2013/14 season). The sports club made it to the second highest Swiss league, the Challenge League , in the 17/18 season . In handball, HC Kriens-Luzern plays in the National League A and is thus one of the extended national leaders. There are also other clubs such as the Veloclub, the tennis club or several gymnastics clubs.
Culture and customs
The most important and larger annual event is the Kriens Carnival with its typical Kriens wooden masks . This is organized by the local Galli guild , the Kriens Guggenmusigen and free carnival groups. It takes place on Carnival Saturday in the village square. The highlight is the big parade on Güdis Tuesday .
Another important tradition is the so-called Geisslechlöpf . Every year between the beginning of November and St. Nicholas Day (December 6th) in Kriens there is a chopping on streets and squares with large flagella - often in organized groups. A similar custom exists in Bavaria and Austria with the Goaßlschnalzen , but in Kriens no cart whips are used, but hemp ropes attached to a thick wooden stick. These become thinner and thinner towards the outside and end in a so-called pinch . The Chlöpfer now swings the scourge in a circle above his head and makes it pop with an abrupt countermovement. This movement is then carried out alternately to the left and right without performing a full turn in between. The custom is still very popular with children and young people and is actively practiced.
The “Schlössli” Schauensee established itself as a small landmark of the municipality of Kriens on a hill of the Schattenberg in the south of Kriens. It has belonged to the municipality of Kriens since 1963 and is used as a cultural and meeting place.
The Krienser Museum in Bellpark , a forum for contemporary art , photography and history , is known nationwide . Furthermore, between 2006 and 2015, the Lucerne Military Museum was located in an air raid shelter on the municipal area. In 2012 the Swiss Chess Museum was opened in Kriens.
For a long time, Kriens owned two theaters in the center: the Pilatussaal and the smaller location in the former «Scala» cinema. The latter was, among other things, the main stage of the local theater associations Theater Paprika and Bunte Bühne Kriens . In 2014, a referendum decided to completely renovate the center. As a result, the two locations, the Pilatussaal and Scala, were demolished and replaced by more modern buildings. On the Schappe area near the bus loop, the Schappe cultural center - the Kulturquarat - was created, which, in addition to the cabaret hall, also houses numerous other cultural locations (including the Kriens gallery and cabaret theaters). The new Pilatus Center has had the central administration, the new Stadtsaal (400 seats), offices, shops and apartments since the end of 2018. Many social events also take place in the multifunctional Krauerhalle , which can also be used as a triple gym . In the area of the city of Kriens, in the Arsenal area , there is also the cultural center of the city of Lucerne South Pole .
October 16, in Kriens Gallustag , is a public holiday in honor of St. Gall .
Hergiswald
Above the village, at the foot of Mount Pilatus, in the hamlet of Hergiswald is the pilgrimage church of Our Lady , consecrated in 1662 . It is an early baroque church that was built around the replica of the Casa Santa of Loreto from 1643. In this chapel there is a black Madonna as a pilgrimage picture . The vaulted coffered ceiling with 324 fields is remarkable , all of which were painted by Kaspar Meglinger with symbols of the Virgin Mary. It is the largest cycle of its kind in the world.
There is a restaurant near the pilgrimage church. On the way to the pilgrimage site, you pass a covered wooden bridge from 1792, which despite a subsequent increase for traffic, only had a clearance height of 3.20 m. The bridge with the name Hergiswaldbrücke was relieved in 2012 by a new, uncovered bridge. The old one was closed to traffic and in 2015 it was decided to restore it to its original state as part of a refurbishment. The renovation of Switzerland's oldest wooden arch bridge was completed in June 2016.
photos
Brother Klaus Church
Mourning Schoolhouse
Parish church
Schoolhouse Kirchbühl
Pilatusbahn
Cross bakery
Neu-Hobacher workers' settlement
Church of St. Francis
Personalities
- August Bell (1814–1870), founder of large-scale industry in Kriens ( Bell Maschinenfabrik AG )
- Therese Bickel (1941–1999), artist of Art brut
- Fabio Coltorti (* 1980), footballer, goalkeeper for the Swiss national team
- Lara Dickenmann (* 1985), player in the Swiss national football team
- Walter Grob (1928–2014), accordionist, lived from 1961 to 1980 as an innkeeper in Kriens
- Heinrich Krauer (1755–1827), statesman, doctor in Kriens
- Johann Georg Krauer (1792–1845), doctor, natural scientist and poet of the Rütli song, born in Kriens
- Urs Lüthi (* 1947), photographer, painter, video, performance and installation artist
- Jean Nuttli (* 1974), racing cyclist
- Erich Mächler (* 1960), racing cyclist
- Sepp Renggli (1924–2015), sports journalist and book author
- Rudolf Rößler (1897–1958), Soviet agent, buried in Kriens
- Melchior Schnyder (1775-1858), teacher, councilor and chronicle writer ( oddities of Kriens )
- Valentin Stocker (* 1989), midfielder of the Swiss national soccer team
- Michael Töngi (* 1967), Swiss politician, member of the National Council since 2018
- Max Albert Wyss (1908–1977), photographer, editor of Camera magazine
- Raffael Zeder (* 1980), FIFA assistant referee
literature
- Waltraud Hörsch: Kriens. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Waltraud Hörsch: Hergiswald. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Dieter Bitterli: Swiss Art Guide GSK, Volume 675–677: The pilgrimage church of Our Lady in Hergiswald. Bern 2000, ISBN 3-85782-675-4 .
- Barbara Hennig, André Meyer: The Art Monuments of the Canton of Lucerne, Volume II: The Office of Lucerne. The rural communities. Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 2009 (Art Monuments of Switzerland, Volume 116). ISBN 978-3-906131-90-0 . Pp. 195-270.
- Hilar Stadler (ed.): Kriens for contemporaries . Brunner, Kriens 2003. ISBN 3-905198-70-3 .
- Sonnenberg - hotel, train, refugee home ... Museum in Bellpark Kriens and authors 2002, publication appeared for the exhibition in MiB, ISBN 3-9521018-6-9 .
- Emil Vogt. Lucerne architect around 1900. Museum in Bellpark Kriens and authors 1998, publication appeared for the exhibition in MiB, ISBN 3-9521018-1-8 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
- ↑ Permanent resident population according to nationality category, gender and municipality ( memento of the original from January 1, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Permanent resident population)
- ^ Material from the Linguistic Atlas of German-speaking Switzerland . The pronunciation [kχriəns] , which is the only one mentioned in the lexicon of Swiss community names , p. 489 f., Is only used by non-residents .
- ↑ Source: Robert Gubler, Population Development and Economic Changes in the Canton of Lucerne, Conclusion Table 1
- ↑ Balance of the permanent resident population according to demographic components, institutional structure, nationality and gender (Federal Statistical Office, STAT-TAB)
- ^ LUSTAT: Community profile of Kriens
- ↑ Luzerner Zeitung online The municipality of Kriens becomes a city , March 4, 2018
- ^ Luzerner Zeitung AG 6006 Lucerne: Kriens becomes a city . ( luzernerzeitung.ch [accessed on March 4, 2018]).
- ↑ Lexicon of Swiss municipality names . Edited by the Center de Dialectologie at the University of Neuchâtel under the direction of Andres Kristol. Frauenfeld / Lausanne 2005, ISBN 3-7193-1308-5 , p. 489 f.
- ↑ Angelo Garovi: The locality names of the city of Lucerne in the Middle Ages. Commission publisher Keller & Co AG, Lucerne 1975.
- ↑ Alfred Helfenstein: The Namengut Pilate territory. Keller, Luzern 1982, ISBN 3-85766-004-X , p. 47.
- ↑ Website of the municipality of Kriens: News portal: Voting result: Kirchbühl renovation with pellet heating, residents' council is reduced ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ LUSTAT Statistics Lucerne. Retrieved August 1, 2020 .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office : NR - Results parties (municipalities) (INT1). In: Federal Elections 2019 | opendata.swiss. August 8, 2019, accessed August 1, 2020 .
- ↑ Luzerner Zeitung online: Kriens-Mattenhof stop will be rebuilt in 2019 , article from January 30, 2018
- ↑ Jewish school in Kriens to give way to apartments. In: Luzerner Zeitung , July 25, 2018
- ^ Sigi Blarer: Colorful stage Kriens, Kriens LU . In: Andreas Kotte (Ed.): Theater Lexikon der Schweiz . Volume 1, Chronos, Zurich 2005, ISBN 3-0340-0715-9 , p. 301 f.
- ↑ Refurbishment of the Hergiswaldbrücke on wbucher-zimmerei.ch
