Vitznau
| Vitznau | |
|---|---|
 |
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| State : |
 Switzerland
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| Canton : |
 Lucerne (LU)
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| Constituency : | Lucerne Country |
| BFS no. : | 1068 |
| Postal code : | 6354 |
| Coordinates : | 679 461 / 207016 |
| Height : | 436 m above sea level M. |
| Height range : | 434–1685 m above sea level M. |
| Area : | 8.92 km² |
| Residents: | 1379 (December 31, 2018) |
| Population density : | 155 inhabitants per km² |
|
Proportion of foreigners : (residents without citizenship ) |
24.5% (December 31, 2,015) |
| Website: | www.vitznau.ch |
 Vitznau with lake |
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| Location of the municipality | |
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Vitznau is a municipality in the Lucerne-Land constituency in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland .
geography
Vitznau is located on the shores of Lake Lucerne on a bulge in the Weggiser basin - and at the same time at the southern foot of the Rigi . Because of this sheltered location, the community has an exceptionally mild climate, where even vines and palm trees thrive.
As a result of the merging of various hamlets with the village of Vitznau, the village itself is an elongated street village on the shore of the lake. The hamlet rhymes , Zihl , Tschuopis and Altdorf have become village neighborhoods. On the western boundary of the municipality is the district of Wilen , which consists of the hamlets of Unterwilen on the lake shore and various groups of houses and individual farmsteads on the slope above and up to 774 m above sea level. M. increases. Lauisegg is located between Unterwilen and Vitznau Dorf , which is also on the shores of Lake Lucerne. Between Reimen and the south thereof lying village opens village or mill stream , between the village and the south thereof lying Quartier Altdorf the Altdorf Bach in Lake Lucerne. In general, the community has a number of short streams, which arise below the Rigi and then roll in a more or less wild course towards the lake. North of the village on the slope are the hamlets of Husen ( 546 m above sea level ) and Hasliweid . A district called Hinterbergen ( 910 m above sea level to 1191 m above sea level ) consisting of individual farmsteads is accessible by cable car . The community has a number of other groups of houses and individual farmsteads.
The southernmost point of the municipality is the Obere Nas , which rises steeply from Lake Lucerne. The municipal boundary leads from there in a north-easterly direction to Vitznauerstock / Gersauerstock ( 1,452 m above sea level ). There it turns north, passes the Felmis Pass ( 1181 m above sea level ) and takes a north- westerly direction shortly before Rigi-Scheidegg (Canton Schwyz). It leads along a mountain ridge over the Dossen ( 1685 m above sea level ; highest point in the municipality), the Kleiner Dossen ( 1670 m above sea level ), the Würzenstock ( 1482 m above sea level ) and the Schild ( 1548 m above sea level ) to Rigi-First ( 1453 m above sea level ; a district of the municipality of Arth in the canton of Schwyz). The municipal boundary then goes south over 1,000 meters of altitude down to Lake Lucerne west of Unterwilen .
The Rigi slopes were partially cleared for agricultural use in the past centuries, but are mostly covered by forest. 56.3% of the municipal area of 894 ha (not including the lake) is forested. Around a third - more precisely 32.2% - are agricultural areas and 7.5% are settlement areas.
Vitznau borders Weggis in the west, Arth in the north, Gersau in the east (both in the canton of Schwyz ) and in Lake Lucerne on Ennetbürgen in the canton of Nidwalden .
population
From 1798 to 1837 and from 1850 to 1930 the population grew slowly but steadily and doubled in 130 years (1798–1930: +108.1%). After a slump in the 1930s, growth followed slowly until 1960, so that the number of residents practically did not change (1930–1960: −1.0%). In the following two decades there was a strong emigration due to the crisis in local tourism (1960–1980: −13.8%). This was followed by significant population growth until 2011 (1980–2011: +41.8%). The reasons for this were the opening of an international hotel management school, which attracted many foreign students and the pleasant climate on the southern slope of the Rigi. After a one-off population decline in 2012, there was a strong population increase (2012–2017: +14.5%) and the number of resident population reached record levels. This growth is mainly due to the increasing number of (Asian) tourists who created more jobs in tourism.
Sources: 1798–1837: Helvetic and cantonal censuses; Federal Office for statistics; 1850 to 2000 census results, 2010 ESPOP, since 2011 STATPOP
languages
The population uses a highly Alemannic dialect as everyday language , which differs greatly from the dialect of the city of Lucerne and is more like the language of neighboring Schwyz. At the last census in 2000, 91.72% said German, 3.08% Albanian and 1.15% Italian were the main languages.
Religions - denominations
In the past, all residents were members of the Roman Catholic Church. This has changed as a result of leaving the church and immigration from other regions in Switzerland and abroad. At the last census in 2000, the religious composition of the population was as follows: There are 74.21% Roman Catholic and 12.70% Protestant Reformed Christians. In addition, there are 6.83% non-denominational and 2.21% Muslim (of Albanian origin).
Origin - nationality
At the end of 2017 the community had 1,381 inhabitants. Of these, 1,029 were Swiss citizens and 352 (= 25.49%) were people of other nationalities. The largest groups of immigrants come from Germany (125 people), Portugal (91), Austria (12), Hungary (10), France (9), Afghanistan, the Netherlands and Italy (8 each) as well as Great Britain and Slovakia (7 each) ).
history
It is possible that the Steigelfadbalm , which was examined from 1913, was already inhabited in the Paleolithic. In historical times the place Vitznau was first mentioned in 998 as property of the Pfäfers monastery. In 1282 it belonged to the Habsburgs and was bought by the city of Lucerne in 1380 as part of Weggis . Since Vitznau was not an independent municipality until 1798, but a district of Weggis, it shared its fate and belonged to the Landvogtei Weggis. From 1798 to 1803 it was a town in the Lucerne district and then came to the newly created Lucerne Office . The discussed merger project of Greppen, Weggis and Vitznau (possibly under the name of the Rigi municipality) was postponed for an indefinite period in 2005 because all three municipalities are financially sound - and there is no cost pressure for a merger.
politics
Municipal council
The municipal council of Vitznau consists of six members and is set up as follows:
- Herbert Imbach: Mayor
- Alex Waldis: Mayor
- Hansjörg Illi: community clerk
- Anita Mehr: Social Director
- Stefan Tobler: Chief Financial Officer
- Carmen Blaser: Head of Education
Cantonal elections
In the 2015 Cantonal Council elections for the Canton of Lucerne, the share of the vote in Vitznau was: FDP 30.3%, SVP 24.6%, CVP 19.6%, SP 11.4%, GLP 7.2%, GPS 5.7%.
National Council elections
In the Swiss parliamentary elections 2015, the voter share in Vitznau was: SVP 30.7%, FDP 29.5%, CVP 13.1%, SP 10.1%, glp 8.3%, GPS 5.5%, BDP 0, 9%.
economy
In 2016 there were 129 workplaces with 616 employees in Vitznau. The percentage of people employed in agriculture has fallen sharply over the past few decades. Agriculture now only offers 9.42% of the workforce (58 people) in 23 businesses. Industry and commerce with 10 companies and 25 employees are also of little importance. The service sector has 96 workplaces and 533 employees.
environment
Vitznau has had the Energy City label of the Swiss Energy Foundation since 2016 . The local council plans to actively participate in the creation of a local heating network in the village center. From 2021, households as well as commercial premises are to be heated and cooled with renewable energy produced with lake water. To this end, the municipality has participated in Energie Rigi Süd AG. The municipal council is still looking for a conversation with the Vitznau corporation, which already operates a wood chip heating network in the higher part of the village.
traffic
Since the planned train from Küssnacht to Brunnen along Lake Lucerne was never realized, the community is connected to the public transport network by bus and ship (both operated by the Lake Lucerne Shipping Company (SGV)). The ships travel differently depending on the season and run with many stops from Lucerne via Gersau , Brunnen , Treib to Flüelen and back. The bus line Küssnacht (train station) - Weggis -Vitznau-Gersau-Brunnen (train station), which runs regularly, is particularly important for local residents when it comes to public transport. Küssnacht SZ station is on the Lucerne- Arth Goldau railway line , and Brunnen station is on the Gotthard Railway .
The Vitznau-Rigi-Bahn has been running on the Rigi since 1871 . Vitznau is on the street Küssnacht SZ - Vitznau - Brunnen. The closest motorway connection is Küssnacht on the A4 , 13 km away.
Vitznau has two cable car stations. One cable car leads to the southern slope of the Rigi to the rural settlement of Hinterbergen , a second cable car connects Vitznau with the Wissifluh mountain restaurant . The Wissifluh-Bahn is also of noteworthy importance from a cable car technical point of view.
education
In Vitznau (school year 2017/2018) 16 children attended the only kindergarten class and 55 primary school students the three classes in the village school. The secondary level has been offered jointly for the three lakeside communities of Greppen, Vitznau and Weggis since 1983. The school location is Weggis. For higher education, the children usually choose the Cantonal School in Lucerne or the Immensee High School.
Apprentices based in Vitznau
| School year (2017/2018) |
kindergarten | Primary school | Secondary school, all levels |
Overall |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Departments | 1 | 3 | 0 | 4th |
| Learners | 16 | 55 | 0 | 71 |
from the community and neighboring communities; Source LUSTAT
Apprentices who live in Vitznau
| School year (2017/2018) |
kindergarten | Basic level | Primary school | Secondary school, level A / B |
Secondary school, level C |
Integrated secondary school |
Overall |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Learners | 16 | 0 | 54 | 19th | 13 | 0 | 102 |
resident in the municipality; Source LUSTAT
Attractions
- The Park Hotel Vitznau from investor Peter Pühringer
- The Vitznau Fortress ( Mühlefluh Artillery Works ), built during World War II , is accessible as a museum and fortress hotel. Together with the Nas lake barrier , it was one of the most important barriers at the entrances to the Reduit .
Park Hotel Vitznau
Vitznau
Motor ship Rigi before docking in Vitznau
Vitznau-Rigi Railway station in 1931
Vitznau-Rigi railway station today
Vitznau, seen from the cable car to the Rigi
Personalities
In 1929, the German Chancellor Gustav Stresemann stayed in Vitznau on an illness-related vacation. However, he died of a stroke that same year .
literature
- Barbara Hennig, André Meyer: The Art Monuments of the Canton of Lucerne, Volume II: The Office of Lucerne. The rural communities. (Art Monuments of Switzerland, Volume 116). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 2009, ISBN 978-3-906131-90-0 , pp. 480-507.
Web links
- Official website of the municipality of Vitznau
- Community profile of the cantonal statistical office (PDF)
- Waltraud Hörsch: Vitznau. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
- ↑ Permanent resident population according to nationality category, gender and municipality ( memento of the original from January 1, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Permanent resident population)
- ↑ Source: Robert Gubler, Population Development and Economic Changes in the Canton of Lucerne, Conclusion Table 1
- ↑ Balance of the permanent resident population according to demographic components, institutional structure, nationality and gender (Federal Statistical Office, STAT-TAB)
- ↑ LUSTAT: Vitznau community profile ( Memento of the original dated May 8, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ National Council elections 2015: strength of the parties and voter turnout by municipality. In: Results of the National Council elections 2015. Federal Statistical Office, 2016, accessed on June 2, 2016 .
- ↑ Niels Jost: Vitznau invests in green energy . Ed .: Luzerner Zeitung. CH Media, Lucerne July 19, 2019.
- ↑ Cable car Vitznau - Hinterbergen
- ↑ Vitznau-Wissifluh cable car
- ↑ Swiss cable car inventory LU-VI-1 Vitznau - Wissifluh
- ↑ Number of classes and learners
- ^ LUSTAT, page 242
- ^ Barbara Hennig: Park Hotel Vitznau. (Swiss Art Guide, No. 725, Series 73). Ed. Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 2002, ISBN 978-3-85782-725-9 .
- ^ E. Eyck: History of the Weimar Republic, 1962
