Ennetbürgen

Ennetbürgen

State :	Switzerland Switzerland
Canton :	Canton of Nidwalden Nidwalden (NW)
District :	No district divisionw
BFS no. :	1505i1 f3 f4
Postal code :	6373
Coordinates :	674 194 / 204 199 coordinates: 46 ° 59 '5 " N , 8 ° 24' 50" O ; CH1903: 674,194 / 204 19946.984714 8.41389 435
Height :	435 m above sea level M.
Height range :	434–1127 m above sea level M.
Area :	9.32 km²
Residents:	4801 (December 31, 2018)
Population density :	515 inhabitants per km²
Proportion of foreigners : (residents without citizenship )	13.4% (December 31, 2,015)
Website:	www.ennetbuergen.ch
On the lakeshore in Ennetbürgen
Location of the municipality
w

Ennetbürgen is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Nidwalden .

geography

The municipality Ennetbürgen include parts of the Allmend between Stans and Buochs , areas Bürgenberg and Bürgenberg Forest and the Lake Lucerne . Thus it is between 435 m above sea level. M. on the lakeshore and 1127 m above sea level. M. at the summit of the Bürgenstock .

Of the entire municipality, 14.7% is settlement area; the large part of 33.5% is covered by wood and forest. An even larger area is used for agriculture at 51.7%; only 0.1% are unproductive areas.

coat of arms

The red Ennetbürgner coat of arms shows a white T-shaped stick with two golden bells on both sides. Above it is a golden, smiling sun that winks with its left eye. The staff represents the cross of St. Anthony, who is considered the church patron. The winking and smiling sun indicates the sunny south-facing slope, which makes Ennetbürgen the sunniest municipality in Nidwalden. The coat of arms has existed since 1894 when it was designed by the heraldist Adalbert Vokinger.

history

Aerial photo (1956)

Bay of Ennetbürgen and Buochs

The sunny southern slope of the Bürgenstock was probably settled very early. The plain south of it, which today includes the community center and larger part of the residential and commercial buildings, was, however, a floodplain in the delta of the Engelberger Aa and uninhabitable. In 1501 the Aa was dammed by a resolution of the rural community and led into the lake at Buochs. This made it possible to colonize the plain.

Until 1850, the “Miners from Bürgen”, the predecessors of today's cooperative corporation, organized the whole of life together in Ennetbürgen. Therefore, the early history of Ennetbürgen can be read under its chapter. The responsibility of a corporation for almost all matters of public life at that time was certainly practical and would be a pipe dream for many contemporaries even today. But the disadvantage of that time that only fellow citizens were allowed to exercise political rights could no longer be reconciled with the adoption of the Federal Constitution of 1848. That is why Nidwalden was forced to adapt its cantonal constitution and to grant all residents equal rights, even though the constitution had been rejected outright. To achieve this, new political institutions had to be created. This was the hour of birth of the district communities, which were renamed political communities in 1965.

On May 1, 1850, the first community meeting was held. The competencies that went to the municipal council were not that great, as the locals wanted to keep as much as possible in their hands. But over the decades the area of responsibility of the municipalities also grew.

With the amelioration of the Allmend (area between Stans and See) from the 1920s, the community experienced an initial boom, which experienced a further marked increase with the construction of the military airfield in 1939. The task now was to create many expensive infrastructure tasks: roads, water supply, electrical supply, sewerage, waste disposal, public buildings, etc.

Today Ennetbürgen is a modern municipality in an attractive residential area, with 4200 inhabitants it is of a manageable size.

population

Population development

The population grew moderately between 1850 and 1870 (1850–1870: + 10.5%). The high birth surplus was the main reason for this. The emigration to industrial areas then led to a decline in the population by 1888 (1870–1888: −9.1%), so that the community had the same number of residents in 1888 as in 1850. The years from 1888 to 1910 then brought an increase again ( 1888–1910: + 14.8%). Between 1910 and 1930, the number of residents stagnated. Since then the population has grown steadily. Moderate until 1950 (1930–1950: +43.6%), then at a rapid pace. Within 73 years (1941–2013) it grew by 277%. The reason for this was the improvement in public transport and, above all, the construction of the A2 . The community also became attractive for commuters because of its location on the lake and its proximity to the motorway.

Population development of Ennetbürgen since 1850 Source: Population censuses (1850–2000 Federal), Federal Statistical Office (2010 and 2015)

languages

The population speaks a highly Alemannic dialect, called Nidwalden German. Almost the entire population speaks it as a daily slang. In the last census in 2000, 94.2% said German, 1.2% Serbo-Croatian and 0.9% Italian as their main language.

Religions - denominations

The population used to be fully members of the Roman Catholic Church. The denominational relationships in 2000 still show the original structure despite the mixture: 2,885 people were Catholic (73.24%). There were also 13.91% Protestant and 1.24% Orthodox Christians, 2.16% Muslims and 5.84% non-denominational. 124 people (3.15%) did not provide any information on their creed.

Origin - nationality

At the end of 2017, 3,947 (84.01%) of the residents were Swiss nationals. The majority of the immigrants come from Central and Western Europe (Germany 259, Great Britain 25, France 23, Netherlands 21 and Austria 19 people), Southern Europe (Italy 88, Portugal 63 and Spain 14 people), the former Yugoslavia (Kosovo 32, Bosnia-Herzegovina 27, Serbia 14, Macedonia 13 and Croatia 5 people) and the United States (10 people). At the 2000 census, 3,618 people (91.85%) were Swiss citizens; 132 of these had dual citizenship.

age structure

The church has a large proportion of older people. Of the 4698 people at the end of 2017, 2233 people (or 47.53%) are 50 years of age or older. While the proportion of people under the age of twenty makes up 16.33% of the local population, 30.97% are senior citizens (60 years and older). The largest age group is now between 60 and 79 years. In 2000 it was still in the 30 to 44 age group. The reason for this is the aging of the baby boomer generation (born up to 1965). For every 100 people of working age (20–64 years; 2858 people) there are 27 young people (767 people) and 38 people (1073 people) of retirement age.

The current age distribution is shown in the following table:

Age	0–6 years	7-15 years	16-19 years	20-29 years	30–44 years	45–59 years	60–79 years	80 years and more	Residents
number	258	361	148	494	865	1117	1209	246	4698
proportion of	5.49%	7.68%	3.15%	10.52%	18.41%	23.78%	25.73%	5.24%	100%
Source: Federal Statistical Office, population by age at the end of 2017

The aging increases. A comparison with the year 2000 proves this. The last census in 2000 showed the following age structure:

Age	0–6 years	7-15 years	16-19 years	20-29 years	30–44 years	45–59 years	60–79 years	80 years and more	Residents
number	262	484	195	431	984	896	555	132	3939
proportion of	6.65%	12.29%	4.95%	10.94%	24.98%	22.75%	14.09%	3.35%	100%

economy

Agriculture and the transport of goods on the lake have long been the main industries in Ennetbürgen. In the 19th century, manual trades were added. And from 1871 tourism became more and more important. Today there are numerous jobs in aircraft construction with numerous suppliers.

In Ennetbürgen there were (2005) 1158 employees in 218 companies. 10.5% of the employees in Ennetbürgen worked in agriculture / forestry / fishing (sector 1), 27.5% in industry and trade (sector 2) and 62.0% in service companies (sector 3). The unemployment rate in 2007 was 1.12%.

In 2017, 932 of the 1,653 employees were male and 721 were female. The numbers for the 3 sectors are as follows:

	Companies 1st sector	Employees 1st sector	Full-time positions 1st sector	Companies 2nd sector	Employees 2nd sector	Full-time positions 2nd sector	Companies 3rd sector	Employees 3rd sector	Full-time positions 3rd sector	Operations total	employees Total	Total full-time positions
number	38	100	57	46	421	370	241	1132	803	325	1653	1230
proportion of	11.69%	6.05%	4.63%	14.15%	25.47%	30.08%	74.15%	68.48%	65.28%	100%	100%	100%
Source: Federal Statistical Office; Statistics of the company structure STATENT, workplaces and employees by municipality and economic sector

In 2000 there were 1,075 people in employment in Ennetbürgen. Of these, 586 (54.51%) were locals and 489 were commuters. Most of the commuters came from the region; namely from Buochs (22.5%), Stans (11.5%), Stansstad (7.4%), Beckenried (6.5%), Oberdorf (5.7%), Lucerne (4.7%), Dallenwil (4.3%) and Wolfenschiessen (4.1%). In the same year, 2,166 people from Ennetbürgen were gainfully employed. Thus 1,580 people worked in other communities. 507 people (= 32.1% of all commuters) commuted to the capital of Nidwalden, Stans, 228 people (14.4%) to the city of Lucerne, 136 people to Buochs (8.6%), 72 people to Stansstad (4.6%) %), according to Kriens 69 people (4.4%), according to Hergiswil 67 people (4.2%), according to Emmen 54 people (3.4%), according to Oberdorf 32 people (2.0%), according to Horw and Sarnen 29 people each (1.8%). Thus around half of the people commute within the agglomeration of Stans (Stans, Buochs, Stansstad etc.), but a large minority also commute to the agglomeration of Lucerne (city of Lucerne, Kriens, Hergiswil, Emmen, Horw, etc.).

traffic

The motorway connection to the A2 (Gotthard route) can be reached in a few minutes by car from Ennetbürgen. Ennetbürgen is connected to the public transport network with the Landespark - Stans (train station) - Seelisberg post bus line.

tourism

Hotels on the Bürgenstock

From the end of the 19th century, a hotel village was built on the Bürgenstock . The necessary infrastructure facilities were created and maintained by the hotel operators themselves. As an oasis of hospitality for the highest demands, the Bürgenstock experienced different highs and lows, depending on the customs of the noble guests changed. In 1999 the Bürgenstock Hotels returned to the black for the first time in a long time. In 1996 the owner family Frey sold the entire facility. Since summer 2000, the hotel village has been part of the Swiss Rosebud Heritage Group, which plans to expand the facility into a 5-star conference resort by the end of 2012.

Parish Church of St. Anton

It was built between 1892 and 1894 and is one of the few neo-Gothic buildings in our canton. In 1972 it underwent a comprehensive exterior and 1991 interior restoration. In 2009, as a further construction measure, the entire bell cage was renewed and the dials cleaned. Thanks to the subtle approach, the church has largely been preserved in its original state of construction and furnishings, which is why the canton added it to the inventory of protected cultural assets in 1989. Particularly noteworthy are the richly carved figurines of the altars, the pulpit and the confessionals, as well as the huge choir arch painting and the glass windows. The Metzler organ (1991) has 29 registers.

St. Jost Chapel

St. Jost am Bürgen, interior

The chronicles of the founding date and founder of the chapel contradict each other. Excavations between 1973 and 1975 have shown, however, that there was a chapel at the current location as early as the 12th or 13th century. As an extension of this old chapel, the choir with its frescoes, which is still preserved today, was built in 1340 . The main nave of the old chapel was demolished in 1518 and replaced by the larger main nave. The choir and tower remained standing.

From 1794–1796 a redesign and renovation took place according to the taste of the time, led by the master builder Singer from Lucerne. The wall paintings were covered with gypsum plaster. Instead of the old winged altars, baroque altars made of stucco marble , made by Kaspar Josef Waser , were erected.

1970–1978 the chapel underwent a comprehensive restoration, which was based on the original appearance. The old wall paintings have been restored as much as possible. The chapel was placed under federal monument protection.

For years, the simple building high above the lake has attracted many bridal couples and hikers. The chapel is always open during the day.