Heinz Abraham

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Heinz Abraham (born June 30, 1911 in Allenstein ( East Prussia ), † March 2, 1992 in Berlin ) was a German anti-fascist, historian and diplomat . During his emigration in the USSR he worked a. a. as an architect and site manager in residential and industrial construction. In the GDR he was a professor for history and politics of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) at the party college "Karl Marx" of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) and from 1960 to 1964 envoy of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) in the Soviet Union .

Life

Heinz Abraham was born as the eighth child in a Jewish family of craftsmen on June 30, 1911 in Allenstein (East Prussia). He attended secondary school and then completed an apprenticeship as a carpenter. From 1929–1932 he studied structural engineering at the Higher Technical State College for Civil Engineering in Görlitz and Breslau. During his studies he was a member of the communist student group in Wroclaw. Abraham became involved in the communist youth movement at an early age, joined the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) in 1931 and actively fought against the fascist seizure of power in Germany. Persecuted by the Nazis after the fire in the Reichstag , he first went underground and emigrated to the USSR in 1933 , from which he received political asylum.

As an employee of the Soviet state planning office Gorstroiprojekt , Abraham u. a. together with a group of Bauhaus architects on various building projects in Moscow, Western Siberia and Central Asia, such as B. in building the Sozgorod Orsk . In the first years of his emigration he took evening political courses in Moscow, for example at the Communist University of the National Minorities of the West (KUNMZ). After completing military training in the Red Army , Abraham went to Spain and was an officer in the International Brigades in the Spanish Civil War from 1937–1939 . In the spring of 1939 he was interned in southern France and then returned to the USSR, where he again worked on various construction sites for the Gorstroi project. After the attack by Nazi Germany on the USSR in June 1941, Abraham was initially involved in western Siberia as a site manager and engineer in the construction of industrial plants evacuated from Soviet war zones. In 1942 he was mobilized to the labor army and interned in a labor camp ( GULAG ) to set up an aluminum plant in the North Urals. From the summer of 1943 to the beginning of 1945 he was a political instructor for the Red Army in a Soviet prisoner-of-war camp and then taught at a party school of the KPD near Moscow.

Heinz Abraham returned to Germany from the USSR in 1946.

From 1946 to 1952 he was a professor at the party college "Karl Marx" of the SED in Liebenwalde and Kleinmachnow and from 1952 to 1960 full professor at the chair of history and politics of the CPSU at the party college that had moved to Berlin. From 1960 to 1964 Abraham was Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Embassy of the GDR in the Soviet Union. In 1964 he returned to the party college and was there again until his retirement as a professor at the chair for history of the CPSU.

Heinz Abraham died on March 2, 1992 in Berlin.

Awards and honors

Fonts

  • The Great October Socialist Revolution. Starting point and basis for the transformation of socialism into a world system . Berlin 1957.
  • On some current issues of the struggle of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in the transition period (1921–1924) . Dietz Verlag , Berlin 1958.
  • The fraternal relations between the CPSU and the SED - the solid foundation of German-Soviet friendship . Berlin 1963.
  • With the Soviet Union for peace and socialism . Berlin 1965.
  • The fighting community between the SED and the CPSU - the foundation of German-Soviet friendship . Central Board of the Society for German-Soviet Friendship, Propaganda Department, Berlin 1966.
  • with KH Kühnau: Lenin's "Declaration of the Rights of the Working and Exploited People" . Berlin 1970.
  • World turning point 1917. The struggle of the Bolsheviks to win over the masses before and during the Great October Socialist Revolution . 3rd edition 1987. Berlin 1977.
  • Soviet Russia 1917–1918. The establishment and consolidation of the world's first socialist state . Berlin 1980.
  • 1941–1945 Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union. Experiences, facts, historical lessons . Berlin 1985.

literature

  • Lothar Mertens : Lexicon of the GDR historians. Biographies and bibliographies on the historians from the German Democratic Republic. Saur, Munich 2006, ISBN 978-3-598-11673-5 , pp. 99f.
  • Carola Tischler: Escape into pursuit. German emigrants in Soviet exile 1933–1945 , Münster, LIT Verlag, 1996, ISBN 3-8258-3034-9 .
  • Конышева Евгения Владимировна: Европейские архитекторы в советском градостроительсктых эпохи торктыхл. Документы и материалы. BuksMArt, 2017, ISBN 978-5-906190-84-0 . (Konyshewa, Jewgenia W .: European architects in Soviet town planning in the era of the first five-year plans), p. 294.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mertens 2006, p. 99.
  2. ↑ Neues Deutschland, May 8, 1970, p. 1.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Mertens 2006, p. 100.
personal data
SURNAME Abraham, Heinz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German historian and diplomat
DATE OF BIRTH June 30, 1911
PLACE OF BIRTH Allenstein , East Prussia
DATE OF DEATH March 2, 1992
Place of death Berlin