Orsk

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city
Orsk
Орск
flag coat of arms
flag
coat of arms
Federal district Volga
Oblast Orenburg
Urban district Orsk
mayor Andrei Viktorovich Odintsov
Founded 1735
City since 1865
surface 584  km²
population 239,800 inhabitants
(as of Oct. 14, 2010)
Population density 411 inhabitants / km²
Height of the center 200  m
Time zone UTC + 5
Telephone code (+7) 3537
Post Code 462400-462455
License Plate 56
OKATO 53 423
Website www.orsk-adm.ru
Geographical location
Coordinates 51 ° 12 ′  N , 58 ° 34 ′  E Coordinates: 51 ° 12 ′ 0 ″  N , 58 ° 34 ′ 0 ″  E
Orsk (European Russia)
Red pog.svg
Location in the western part of Russia
Orsk (Orenburg Oblast)
Red pog.svg
Location in the Orenburg Oblast
List of cities in Russia

Orsk ( Russian Орск ; Kazakh- Cyrillic Жаманқала Shamanqala , Kazakh-Latin Jamanqala ) is a city with 239,800 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010) in the east of Orenburg Oblast in the Russian Federation .

Due to its special location, the city can be assigned to two continents, Europe and Asia. It is located in the southern foothills of the Urals , not far from the border with Kazakhstan , over 1700 km southeast of Moscow . The old town is located on the southeast bank of the Ural River and thus in the Asian part of Russia, while the new town on the other bank is part of the European part. About 80% of the population are Russians , there are also minorities of Ukrainians , Tatars , Kazakhs (each about 4%), Russian- Germans , Bashkirs and Mordvins (each 1–2%).

history

Orsk was founded on August 15, 1735 as a fortress of the Russian tsars . Up until 1835 the fortress had the character of a border post and border market of the Russian Empire . That year, the Russian border was moved further east. Orsk, however, retained the status of an important transit station towards Central Asia. From 1858 there was a post road, from 1905 there was also a main railway line from the Russian metropolises via Orsk to Tashkent . In 1861 Orsk lost the formal status of a military fortress, but in the previous years it had been more and more transformed into a Cossack settlement with a population of almost 2,000 at that time.

In 1865 Orsk became a city and a new era in the history of the settlement began. Orsk developed into an important cattle trading center and economic center by the end of the 19th century. Within a few decades the population climbed to around 14,000 (1923).

Orsk then transformed into an industrial city from 1930 and intensified in the Second World War as a result of evacuations from areas threatened by the Germans . New districts emerged and Orsk developed into a big city. During the Second World War (1943) Orsk was also the location of the POW camp (Uprawlenije) 7-260.

Population development

year Residents
1897 14,016
1926 13,581
1939 66,345
1959 176.214
1970 225.314
1979 246,667
1989 270.711
2002 250.963
2010 239,800

Note: census data

Attractions

The industrial city of Orsk is not lacking in places worth seeing. The historical building fabric consists of 28 monuments, including an orthodox church in the classic Russian style that was restored a few years ago and is well worth seeing. A newly built Roman Catholic church was inaugurated in the center of Neustadt in 2006. The historic old town, which was built between 1870 and 1907, is outstanding. The old town is not located directly in the city center, but a bit off the other side of the Urals, connected by a bridge. The city center is located in the main part of the city around Gagarin Square and consists mainly of buildings from the 1940s to 1950s. There is a new theater and a culture house there. All tram lines converge here.

Economy and Transport

Orsk railway station

In Orsk there are large companies in the Russian oil industry, as well as engineering and pharmaceutical industries. The area around the city is rich in copper, chromium and nickel deposits, which are smelted in Orsk .

The largest company is the Juzhuralnikel-Southern Urals Nickel Plant , which belongs to the Mechel Group.

The Russian main railway lines Orenburg - Yekaterinburg and Saratov - Chelyabinsk run through the city . Local public transport is carried by buses and tram lines . The city has a small airport , but only a few domestic flights (to Moscow and Orenburg) and no international flights. A Russian national road runs through Orsk from Orenburg to Aktyubinsk in Kazakhstan.

Sports

The city ​​is represented in ice hockey by the HK Yuzhny Ural Orsk club .

sons and daughters of the town

swell

  1. a b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
  2. Archived copy ( Memento of the original from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.infobitte.de

Web links

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