Heinz von Lüder

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Epitaph of Heinz von Lüder in the church of the former Cistercian monastery in Haina

Heinz von Lüder (* 1490 ; † January 23, 1559 in Ziegenhain ), also Heinz Lüder, Hentz von Lewther, Leuther or Lütther, was an official in the Landgravial Hessian service.

Life

Its origin is not certain; presumably he came from an unparalleled branch of the lower aristocratic von Lüder family. He had a sister who married Hermann Schütz and whose inheritance passed to her descendants. He married the wealthy Marburg widow and patrician daughter Kunigunde Meintz (1500–1562), daughter of Johann the Elder, in 1551, at the age of 61. J. Orth and Elisabeth von Twern, and had no offspring.

At the age of 24 he was named as a servant in the family of the Barons Riedesel zu Eisenbach . A manslaughter in affect led to his release. In 1515 he is mentioned as a servant in the neighboring Fulda region .

From 1520 he served Landgrave Philipp the Magnanimous of Hesse in various positions. So he was z. B. Philip's special envoy to Zurich in April 1531 and to Strasbourg in November 1531 , when it came to support of the Protestant side and a connection between the Reformed Swiss cities and the Schmalkaldic League in connection with the Müsserkrieg and then with the Second Kappelerkrieg . From 1534 to 1537 Heinz von Lüder was in the service of Duke Ulrich von Württemberg , where he was entrusted with setting up a hospital system and expanding Hohentübingen Castle . In 1537 he returned to the Hessian service.

Supervisor of the high hospitals

In the years 1525 to 1531, after the introduction of the Reformation in the Landgraviate, Lüder and Adam Krafft carried out a visit to all Hessian monasteries, hospitals and infirmaries on behalf of the Landgrave . In the years 1533 to 1542, this led to the establishment of four high hospitals by Landgrave Philipp in order to continue nursing the sick in the rural regions, which had been primarily carried out in these until the secularization of the Hessian monasteries . The first founding was in 1533 Haina , it followed in the same year Merzhausen , 1535 Hofheim and 1542 Gronau . Lüder became the first superintendent of all four Hessian high hospitals in 1543, and he held this office until his death in 1559.

The hospital regulations developed by Lüder were the organizational and financial basis for the Hessian high hospitals for many generations. These institutions were social-charitable, corresponded to the basic idea of Stephan Harding and were congenial in their nature and role models for many other similar institutions in Central Europe. The hospital regulations developed by Lüder had as the most important basic element the regular attendance of church services (so-called "Soul Arzeney") and the basic provision of Christian works of mercy . A strict agenda with fixed prayer hours, meal times and working hours determined the daily routine. The hospital regulations with their 50 paragraphs also regulate the duties of the hospital managers as well as each individual official and employee, in which "everyone will faithfully follow and live in his office."

Fortress commander and bailiff for Ziegenhain

In 1537 Lüder became the commandant of the Ziegenhain water fortress , which was built under his supervision from 1537 to 1542 and which he commanded until his death, as well as an official of the Ziegenhain office . During the Schmalkaldic War 1546–1547 and during the five years imprisonment (1547–1552) of Landgrave Philip I, Lüder commanded the fortress, which after the subjugation of the Landgrave was the only one of the four Landgrave-Hessian fortresses not to be ordered by Emperor Charles V. needed to be dragged. (Kassel, Gießen and Rüsselsheim, however, were razed.) That is why a beautiful legend was woven later. Lüder is said to have said to Count Reinhard zu Solms , who wanted to take possession of the fortress in 1547: "The free landgrave handed over the fortress to me. And I will hand the fortress back to a free landgrave." Emperor Karl then asked Landgrave Philipp to have Lüder hung in chains. After his release and return, the Landgrave rewarded Lüder by briefly, symbolically hanging on a gold chain at what is now the “Lüdertor” in Ziegenhain and given him the gold chain. The romantic poet August Kopisch wrote his poem "Landgrave Philipp the Magnanimous", which Carl Gottfried Loewe even set to music in 1856, and Alice von Gaudy composed the ballad "Heinz von Lüder".

Death and honors

Luder's epitaph in Haina

Lüder died in Ziegenhain, but was his last will and testament according buried expressed desire in Haina. His grave is no longer preserved today, but a memorial stone created by Philipp Soldan in the monastery church of Haina reminds of him. A memorial stone was also erected for him in Merxhausen.

In his honor, the city gate in Ziegenhain east of Paradeplatz was named “Lüdertor”.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Carl Knetsch: Heinz von Lüder , in: Hessen-Kunst , 1922, pp. 52–58.
  2. ^ Hermann Escher: The religious parties in the Confederation and their relations with foreign countries, 1527-1531 . Frauenenfeld, 1882 (p. 230, 233, 299)
  3. ^ Gerhard Aumüller : Biographical lexicon on nursing history "Who was who in nursing history" . Ed .: Hubert Kolling. 1st edition. tape 4 . Elsevier , Urban and Fischer, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-437-26083-4 , pp. 183 ff . ( Googlebooks ).
  4. ↑ State Welfare Association Hessen, speech by LWV State Director Uwe Brückmann on the 475-year celebration ( memento of the original from January 13, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lwv-hessen.de
  5. ↑ http://gratis-sagen.de/karl-lyncker/deutsche-sagen-und-sitten-in-hessischen-gauen/300.-heinz-von-lueder  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: Der Link was automatically marked as broken. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / gratis-sagen.de  
  6. ↑ Landgrave Philipp the Magnanimous (Text: August Kopisch (1799-1853); Sound: Johann Karl Gottfried Loewe (1796-1869)) "Landgrave Philipp the Magnanimous", op. 125 no. 1 (1856)
  7. ^ Alice Freiin von Gaudy: "Heinz von Lüder", in: Neuer deutscher Balladenschatz , August Scherl, Berlin, 1906 (pp. 46-47)
  8. ↑ In 1985 a romantic novel by Leontine von Winterfeld-Platen appeared: Heinz Lüder: God pays the faithful allzumal. Otto Bauer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1985, ISBN 978-3-8704-7054-8 .

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Lüder, Heinz von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hentz from Lewther
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Hessian ministerial and civil servant
DATE OF BIRTH 1490
DATE OF DEATH January 23, 1559
Place of death Goat grove