Philipp Soldan

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Philippstein in Haina Monastery by Philipp Soldan, 1542

Philipp Soldan (* 1500 in Frankenberg (Eder) ; † after 1569 ) was a Hessian late Gothic stonemason , wood carver , form cutter for cast iron plates, builder and painter .

Life

Soldan grew up in Frankenberg, initially worked there and also returned to Frankenberg at times. He was only artistically active in Hessen . As an artist he was inspired by Albrecht Dürer , Hans Sebald Beham , Peter Flötner , Lucas Cranach the Elder. Ä. and Heinrich Aldegrever , whose works he knew at least through reproductions. He remained unaffected by the Gothic style of the older artist Ludwig Juppe , who was close to him, and took up the Renaissance style concept, which was new for his time . Soldan's work stands at the stylistic transition from Gothic to Renaissance. His artistic self-confidence is expressed through his monogramming or signing a wide variety of works, for example the cast iron plate depicting the rich man and Lazarus in the Martinskirche in Bingen am Rhein : Philips Soldan Formeschnider zum Frankenberg . A work on the same topic in the Altena i. W. signed with Philips Soldan Formesc… in Hess .

Philipp Soldan was first mentioned in a document in 1542 in a building invoice for the city of Marburg (Lahn) , which reads: “Item master philipps Soldan has set the yeser stove and has the ability to do the manure and painted it with ysern done. Ime give a thailer “ ….

The only preserved bronze sculpture is the tomb of Landgravine Christine von Hessen , first wife of Philip the Magnanimous , cast in 1550 in the Martinskirche in Kassel .

In 1556 he was mentioned in the accounts of the ironworks of the monastery Haina an Lipsen zum Frenkenpergk : 7 fl. 4 alb. for the picture of the youngest court cut and otherwise of two pictures one called Julius Cesar, the other Carolus Magnus . Philipp Soldan also supplied the Hessian ironworks with his powerful wooden models. These wooden shapes, which were carved by the shape cutter, were the starting point for the iron casting. With this he also designed the templates for artfully cast iron plates. He also worked closely with the Waldeck ironworks, which found expression in the collaboration with the former, furnace caster and smelter Kurt Scharf from Usseln.

As a stonemason in Haina Monastery, he was initially bound to contract work and also made portals , coats of arms and grave slabs. The design of the Seven Stations of the Cross in the city ​​church of St. Marien (Homberg) is attributed to him. As a wood cutter, he designed figures and beam heads. There are only paintings in the Frankenberg District Home Museum. After 1569, his work could no longer be traced and he presumably died shortly afterwards.

student

His students were u. a. Heinrich Bunsen from Adorf , Jost Luppold from Treysa , Conrad Luckeln from Korbach and Jost Schilling from Immighausen .

Appreciation

In 2018, the city of Frankenberg gave itself the additional name Philipp-Soldan-Stadt , and a street is named after him here.

Works

Wood

Beam heads of the galleries of the Marienkirche in Frankenberg, 1527
(photography by Ludwig Bickell , 1891)
Beam heads of the galleries of the Marienkirche in Frankenberg, 1527
(photography by Ludwig Bickell, 1891)
Epitaph Heinz von Lüder in Haina in 1559
  • Frankenberg town hall, one group of figures each on the south, north and west side
  • Archive of St. Mary's Church 33 beam heads 1529
  • Ratsherrenbank from Frankenberg, 1562, Hessisches Landesmuseum Kassel
  • Two beam headbands, 1562, Hessisches Landesmuseum Kassel
  • Balkenkopf from Frankenberg, Museum of the Hessian History Association Marburg an der Lahn
  • Portal on the stair tower in the courtyard, Marburg Castle

stone

  • Philippsstein in Haina Monastery , 1542
  • Gravestone for Captain Heinz von Lüder from Ziegenhain , head of the hospital, in Haina Monastery, 1559
  • Memorial stone for Heinz von Lüder in Merxhausen Monastery
  • Memorial stone for hospital bailiff Hermann Binzinger in Merxhausen Monastery
  • Portal tympanum on the stair tower in Rauschenberg , 1566 (attributed)
  • Coats of arms, figurines, dragon stones, portrait medallions on the outside portal of the Rommershausen Palace of the Lords of Schwetzell in Rommershausen in Hesse , 1549
  • Coat of arms of the Rinck family in Rommershausen Castle, 1539
  • Gravestone of Margaris with the coat of arms of the Rinck family in Rommershausen (attributed)
  • Portal coat of arms on the outer bailey (attributed)
  • Gravestone of Agnes von Gorizia (attributed to)
  • Dominican church tombstone of Margret von Holzheim (attributed)
  • Coat of arms stone and billy goat above the portal of Ziegenhain Castle (attributed)
  • Memorial stone on the front of Ziegenhain Castle (attributed to)
  • Memorial plaque in the hall of Ziegenhain Castle (attributed to)

bronze

  • Tomb of Landgravine Christine von Hessen in the Martinskirche in Kassel 1550

painting

  • two death shields, for Volpert von Dersch and his wife Maria von Breitenbach zu Breitenstein in the museum in the monastery (formerly Kreisheimatmuseum) in the Philipp-Soldan-city of Frankenberg (Eder)

Iron casts based on signed models

  • Vienna Altena
  • Bingen am Rhein Martinskirche 1542
  • Bordeaux private property 1558
  • Eisenbach Castle in Hesse 1550?
  • Cast iron plates in Riede Castle from 1574 (posthumous?)
  • Cast iron stove plate, Adoration of the Holy Three Kings, spout of a mold created around 1575 and its extension by two figures by Soldan's pupil Heinrich Bunsen, Kunstgewerbemuseum Berlin , inv. No. AE 310, exhibited between 1930 and 1939 in the Deutsches Museum Berlin (today the north wing of the Pergamon Museum), since 2007 in the Kunstgewerbemuseum Schloss Köpenick
  • Cast iron stove plate, homecoming of the prodigal son, huts of the Haina monastery, around 1550, Basel Historical Museum , inv. No. 1930.137.

Exhibitions

literature

  • Götz J. Pfeiffer: Philipp Soldan. In: Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon, Berlin, 2019 (in press).
  • Albrecht Kippenberger : Philipp Soldan to the Frankenberg. A Hessian sculptor of the 16th century. Master of the stove plates. Wetzlar, printing and publishing company of Scharfes Druckereien KG, 1926
  • Fritz Gysin: Catalog of the iron stove plates in the Historical Museum in Basel. In: Upper Rhine Art. Yearbook of the Upper Rhine Museums. Year V. Freiburg i. Br. 1932, pp. 219-230, cat. No. 11, fig. 5
  • Kevin Heiniger: "Black Art" - cast iron pictures 1500-1800. Basel 2009, p. 193ff., Cat.no.53
  • Heinz Brandt (arrangement): Philipp Soldan von Frankenberg, a Hessian artist of the 16th century. Korbach 1984
  • Helmut Nicolai: Waldeck coat of arms. Part 3, Arolsen 1991, p. 583
  • Karl E. Demandt: The personal state of the Landgraviate of Hesse in the Middle Ages. Marburg 1981, Part Two, p. 824
  • Albrecht Kippenberger: Works by Philipp Soldans in the district home museum of Frankenberg , Hessische Heimat, issue 1 / 1957–1958
  • Albrecht Kippenberger: The beam heads of Philipp Soldans from the former gallery of the Marienkirche in Frankenberg , Hessische Heimat, issue 5/1961
  • Albrecht Kippenberger: The rediscovered tombstone of Balthasar von Weitolshausen in Ziegenhain - a work by Philipp Soldans , Hessische Heimat, issue 1/1963
  • Albrecht Kippenberger: Philipp Soldan in Schlitz , Hessische Heimat, issue 2-3 / 1965
  • Albrecht Kippenberger: Depiction of a crossbow shooting by the city of Worms on a cast iron plate by Philipp Soldans ; The Frankenberger Ratsherrenbank ; Two portrait heads at the Marienkapelle in Frankenberg , Hessische Heimat, issue 4/1968
  • Kurt Schäfer: Archival finds on Philipp Soldan and Kurt Scharf , Hessische Heimat, issue 1/1974
  • Gerhard Seib: The coat of arms in Schiffelbach - Another possible work by Philipp Soldan or his circle , Hessische Heimat, issue 1/1974
  • Gerhard Seib: 100 years of research on Philipp Soldan von Frankenberg - 100 years of stove plate research , Hessian homeland, issue 2/1989
  • Ludwig Bickell : The ironworks of the Haina monastery and the form cutter Philipp Soldan von Frankenberg , Elwert, Marburg, 1889
  • Georg Winter:  Soldan, Philipp . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 34, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1892, p. 555.

Web links

Commons : Philipp Soldan  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Kurt Schäfer: Archival finds on Philipp Soldan and Kurt Scharf. In: Hessische Heimat, issue 1/1974, pp. 29–31
  2. ^ Albrecht Kippenberger: Works by Philipp Soldans in the Kreisheimatmuseum von Frankenberg , In: Hessische Heimat , issue 1 / 1957-1958, p. 16 (illustration)
  3. ^ Walter Borchers : Folk art in Westphalia. 1979, p. 99
  4. ↑ Frankenberg receives the suffix Philipp-Soldan-Stadt. In: hna. May 30, 2018, accessed May 30, 2018 .
  5. ^ The Philipp-Soldan-Stadt Frankenberg (Eder). (No longer available online.) In: frankenberg.de. May 29, 2018, archived from the original on September 13, 2018 ; accessed on May 30, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.frankenberg.de
personal data
SURNAME Soldan, Philipp
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Hessian sculptor, wood cutter, painter and form cutter
DATE OF BIRTH 1500
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankenberg (Eder)
DATE OF DEATH after 1569