Henry Goulburn

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Henry Goulburn

Henry Goulburn (born March 19, 1784 in London , † January 12, 1856 in Betchworth House, Dorking , Surrey , England ) was a British politician of the Conservative Tories and most recently of the Conservative Party , who was a member of the between 1812 and 1856 with a brief interruption House of Commons and was among other things Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1828 to 1830 and Minister of the Interior from 1834 to 1835 . He held the office of Chancellor of the Exchequer again between 1841 and 1846.

Life

Undersecretary of State, Member of the House of Commons and Peace of Ghent 1814

Goulburn was a son of Munbee Goulburn and his wife Susannah Chetwynd, a daughter of William Chetwynd, 4th Viscount Chetwynd of Bearhaven . His younger brother Edward Goulburn was an officer, lawyer and poet who was convicted of defamation in 1809 for his satirical poem The Blueviad . He completed his undergraduate degree at Trinity College of the University of Cambridge , which he in 1805 with a Bachelor of Arts graduated (BA). A subsequent postgraduate course at the University of Cambridge, he finished 1808 with a Master of Arts (MA).

In the government of assassinated on May 11, 1812 Prime Minister Spencer Perceval he held from 1810 to 1812 the office of Undersecretary of State in the Ministry of the Interior ( Home Office ) . On June 9, 1812, Goulburn was elected as a candidate for the Conservative Tories for the first time as a member of the House of Commons, where he initially represented the constituency of St. Germans until June 17, 1818 and then between June 19, 1818 and June 9, 1826 the constituency of West Looe . He was 1812 to 1821 in the government of Prime Minister Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool Under-Secretary at the Ministry of War and Colonies ( Secretary of State for War and the Colonies ) , Henry Bathurst, 3rd Earl Bathurst , where he this office from Dressed together with Henry Edward Bunbury from 1812 to 1816 .

In this capacity, he was also appointed peace commissioner in May 1814 in order, together with Admiral James Gambier and the lawyer William Adams , to initiate peace negotiations with the USA to end the British-American War of 1812 . The British delegation traveled to Ghent in August 1814 to meet with the US delegation consisting of former Treasury Secretary Albert Gallatin , former Ambassador to the Russian Empire John Quincy Adams , former US Senator James A. Bayard, Sr. , former US House of Representatives Speaker Henry Clay and Chargé d'Affaires at the UK Embassy Jonathan Russell . On December 24, 1824, the two peace commissions signed the Ghent Peace Treaty , which ultimately restored the territorial borders and the rights of the sea to their pre-war status.

Chief Secretary of Ireland, Chancellor of the Exchequer and Home Secretary

In 1821 Prime Minister Liverpool appointed him to succeed Charles Grant as Chief Secretary for Ireland to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland . He was thus the main liaison between the administration in Ireland and the British Cabinet. He held this office until the end of Liverpool's tenure on April 10, 1827. In the meantime, he had been re-elected to the House of Commons on June 19, 1826, in which he represented the constituency of Armagh until May 10, 1831 .

On January 26, 1828, Goulburn was appointed by Prime Minister Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington for the first time as Chancellor of the Exchequer in his first government and was this until the end of Wellington's tenure on November 22, 1830. After he had not belonged to the House of Commons for almost 18 months, he was re-elected to the House of Commons on December 10, 1832, where he represented the Cambridge University constituency until his death .

Prime Minister Robert Peel appointed him Home Secretary on December 15, 1834 . He held this ministerial office until April 18, 1835. His last position was from August 30, 1841 to June 30, 1846 in the second Peel cabinet as Chancellor of the Exchequer.

His only son, Henry Goulburn, emerged from his marriage to Jane Montagu, a daughter of Matthew Montagu, 4th Baron Rokeby , on December 20, 1811 , who died on June 8, 1843. His property also included a plantation in Jamaica .

Honor

The Goulburn River in Australia is named after him.

Background literature

  • Brian Jenkins: Henry Goulburn, 1784-1856: A Political Biography , 1996

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Henry Goulburn's Jamaican Estate
  2. ↑ Review by John Powell, in: Victorian Studies , Volume 40, No. 4, 1997, pp. 693–695
  3. ^ Table of contents on the McGill University homepage
personal data
SURNAME Goulburn, Henry
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British politician (Tories, Conservative Party), member of the House of Commons
DATE OF BIRTH March 19, 1784
PLACE OF BIRTH London
DATE OF DEATH January 12, 1856
Place of death Betchworth House, Dorking , Surrey , England