Herreninsel

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Herreninsel
Herrenchiemsee Palace - park side (west)
Herrenchiemsee Palace - park side (west)
Waters Chiemsee
Geographical location 47 ° 51 '38 "  N , 12 ° 23' 53"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 51 '38 "  N , 12 ° 23' 53"  E
Herreninsel (Bavaria)
Herreninsel
length 2.55 km
width 2.1 km
surface 2.3 km²
Highest elevation Stone wall
544  m
Residents 18th (2008)
7.8 inhabitants / km²
main place Herrenchiemsee
Herrenchiemsee
Herrenchiemsee

The Herreninsel (also known as Herrenchiemsee , formerly Herrenwörth ) is by far the largest of the three islands in the Chiemsee with a total area of ​​238 hectares . Together with the Fraueninsel and Krautinsel , it forms the Chiemsee municipality , which is the second smallest in Bavaria after Buckenhof in terms of area .

The island is open all year round with the liner of the Chiemsee boat trip to reach, mainly from Gstadt and Prien out, sometimes from other places around the lake and on the woman island. The island is car-free . In the summer half of the year horse-drawn carriages commute between the pier and the castle for visitors.

history

According to tradition, the monastery on Herreninsel was founded by Duke Tassilo III. founded by Bavaria. The actual foundation took place (according to the latest, also archaeological findings) between 620 and 629. For more than 12 centuries until the secularization in Bavaria , the island was owned by Herrenchiemsee Abbey . The island was acquired in 1873 by King Ludwig II for 350,000 guilders from a consortium of Württemberg timber speculators, whereupon he built his Herrenchiemsee Palace here . This also prevented the planned deforestation of the island. The Constitutional Convention for the preparation of the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany met in the convent floor of the Old Palace (the former monastery) from 10 to 23 August 1948 .

Development and use

In contrast to the Fraueninsel, which is permanently inhabited by around 300 people, the Herreninsel is only inhabited by a few people all year round, but it has a well-known tourist attraction: the new Herrenchiemsee Palace of the Bavarian "fairy tale king" built as a reduced copy of Versailles Palace Ludwig II.

In addition to the New Herrenchiemsee Palace , the island is also home to the former Canons' Monastery ( Herrenchiemsee Monastery ), known as the Herrenchiemsee Old Palace, with the so-called island dome, which will be renovated from 2019 for 2.1 million euros and will be made accessible to the public during the summer months .

Forest departments

Around two thirds of the island (excluding the castle complex and the northern part with the old castle) are divided into ten forest divisions (eleven including the old castle), with a total of 156.8 ha, which corresponds to 65.9% of the island's area. The area has a park-like character and has a game reserve .

Department Surname Area [ ha ] Remarks
1 Blackwood 11.4 -
2 Sägau 10.2 -
3 Randau 24.9 -
4th Moss meadow 20.4 -
5 Stone wall 14.0 The stone wall section extends more than 1800 m over the entire southern shore of the island, with a width between 20 and 270 m.

The name of the field is derived from the bank, which is particularly steep in the west and appears as a high wall from the lake, which rises up to 25 meters above the bank (highest point on the Herreninsel, 544  m above sea  level ). The subsoil is loosely layered sand-lime bricks , a pre-glacial embankment of the Miocene . This rock does not occur anywhere else on the Chiemsee islands. The building material for the monastery church and for the basement of the new castle was obtained from an earlier quarry .

6th Mögelholz 29.8 Largest forest department
7th garden 15.0 The area was formerly a meadow with flowers and fruit trees, hence the name. It adjoins the gardens of the New Palace in the center of the island immediately to the south.
8th Geiwitz 6.6 -
9 Direct 7.4 -
10 Neptune hill 11.4 -
11 Old castle 5.7 Smallest forest department

gallery

  • View of the Herreninsel from the shore

  • Chiemsee shipping jetty on Herreninsel

  • Jetty seen from the arrival side

  • Ferry when mooring on the Herreninsel

  • Listed castle hotel on Herreninsel

  • View from the castle park of Herreninsel towards Prien

  • Game reserve in the immediate vicinity of the New Herrenchiemsee Palace

panorama

literature

  • Walter Brugger , Heinz Dopsch , Joachim Wild (eds.): Herrenchiemsee. Monastery - Canons' Monastery - Royal Castle. Pustet, Regensburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-7917-2332-7 .
  • Hans Gerhard Evers : Herrenchiemsee , in: Ders .: Death, power and space as areas of architecture . Neuer Filser-Verlag, Munich 1939; 2., verb. and exp. Edition. Verlag W. Fink, Munich 1970.
  • Hans Gerhard Evers: Ludwig II of Bavaria, theater prince, king, client. Edited by JA Schmoll called Eisenwerth, obtained from Klaus Eggert. Hirmer Verlag, Munich 1986.
  • Bavarian field name book, Volume 1: Chiemsee municipality. Edited by Michael Henker and Wolf-Armin Frhr. v. Reitzenstein . Munich, House of Bavarian History, 1992, ISBN 3-927233-21-8 .

Web links

Commons : Herreninsel  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ General information for visitors. In: Website for Herreninsel. Bavarian Administration of State Palaces, Gardens and Lakes, accessed on April 13, 2015 .
  2. ↑ Angela Bauer-Kirsch: Herrenchiemsee. The Constitutional Convention of Herrenchiemsee - pioneer of the Parliamentary Council. Diss., Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Bonn, 2005 ( PDF ).
  3. ↑ https://www.br.de/nachrichten/bayern/nach-sanierung-inseldom-auf-herrenchiemsee-wieder-geoeffnet,RKhUVxB BR24
  4. ^ BR24 After renovation: The island dome on Herrenchiemsee should open from March 24, 2019