Hibok-Hibok
| Hibok-Hibok | ||
|---|---|---|
 The Hibok-Hibok from the northeast, on the right the smaller Mount Vulcan, in the foreground White Island |
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| height | 1332 m | |
| location | Island Camiguin , Mindanao , Philippines | |
| Coordinates | 9 ° 12 '12 " N , 124 ° 40' 34" E | |
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| Type | Stratovolcano | |
| rock | Andesite , dacite | |
| Last eruption | 1953 | |
The Hibok-Hibok , also Catarman , is a 1332 m high stratovolcano on the island of Camiguin in the south of the Philippines .
The Hibok-Hibok is located in the northwest of Camuguin and is the youngest of the four volcanoes on the island. In historical times he was active in the years 1827, 1862, 1871 to 1875 and 1948 to 1953.
During the eruption from 1871 to 1875, a new lava dome , Mount Vulcan , was created around 3.5 kilometers northwest of the Hibok-Hibok . The lava dome reached a height of around 450 meters in 1875 with a base diameter of almost 1.5 kilometers. The eruption was preceded by strong earthquakes in which a nearby city was almost completely destroyed.
The eruption from 1948 to 1953 began on the upper northeast slope of the Hibok-Hibok. When a pyroclastic current flowed towards the island's capital Mambajao , numerous people were killed on December 5, 1951. In December 1951, the Philippine President Elpidio Quirino named 206 dead and around 800 missing, who were presumably dead. According to the Camiguin Province government, 3,000 people died. According to scientific research, the number of deaths was 68. After the eruption, a considerable emigration from the island began; around half of the previous 69,000 residents left Camiguin.
As a result of this outbreak of 1951, the predecessor organization of today's Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) was founded the following year.
Timpoong and Hibok-Hibok Natural Monument
On March 9, 2004, the region around the volcano was declared Timpoong and Hibok-Hibok Natural Monument according to the guidelines of the NIPAS law , covering an area of 22.27 km². This nature reserve includes the central and western regions of the island around Mt. Timpoong, Mt. Mambajao, Mt. Tres Marias and the Hibok-Hibok. The amphibian Oreophryne nana, endemic to Camiguin Island, and the owl species Ninox leventisi, which was first described in 2012, live in this nature reserve . The coastal areas of the reserve to be used for agricultural purposes, pristine rain forests are found from an altitude of 500 meters above sea level, which at 1,100 meters above sea level a mountain rainforest connects, the 500 hectares covers. The coral island Mantigue off the east coast of the island also belongs to the nature reserve .
Web links
- Camiguin in the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution (English)
- Hibok-Hibok at the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS, English)
- Hibok-Hibok at Philippine Volcanos of ABS-CBN Corporation (English)
- Hibok-Hibok on Volcano Live (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Camiguin in the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution (English)
- ↑ Hibok-Hibok at Philippine Volcanos (English, accessed on February 21, 2013).
- ^ Entry in The Significant Earthquake Database of NOAA (English, accessed on February 21, 2013).
- ↑ Philippines Disasters' Heavy Toll. In: The West Australian , December 17, 1951.
- ↑ History ( Memento of the original from July 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at camiguin.gov.ph (accessed February 21, 2013).
- ^ Entry in The Significant Volcanic Eruption Database of NOAA (accessed on February 21, 2013).
- ↑ Oreophryne nana on IUCN Red List (English)
- ↑ DENR evaluates management of protected area ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English)
- ↑ Timpoong and Hibok-hibok Natural Monument on Birdlife
