Hohenfels (Bavarian noble family)

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Coat of arms of those von Hohenfels in Johann Siebmacher's coat of arms book, addition 1701
Crest of Konrad von Hohenfels

The Hohenfelsers originally come from the Raitenbuch family . They were a ministerial family of the Regensburg bishopric . At times, in the family were the Hohenfels , the castle Helfenberg and the Castle Falkenstein , also from Castle Sengersberg and Schoenberg. For the first time the Raitenbuchers named themselves after Hohenfels in 1217.

history

At the end of the 12th century, the Hohenfels residents mainly appeared in the area around Hohenfels and the Beratzhausen bishopric . The first is a Konrad von Hohenfels named 1198.

A Konrad von Hohenfels (I.) founded the hospital in Pollenried in 1224 . This served to create a receptaculum peregrinorum aliorumque pauperum et egeneorum supervenientium , i.e. a place for the reception of hikers (pilgrims) and other poor and needy people passing by. This hospital was of great importance for the care of travelers on the main road from Regensburg to Nuremberg or Bamberg. The town of Pollenried still belonged to the Hohenfels family in 1240, who then handed it over to the Pielenhofen monastery . In 1224 the Regensburg ministerial Konrad von Hohenfels and his son of the same name as well as his sororius (husband of sister Judith) Wirnto von Helfenberg appear as witnesses in Seitenstetten , and brother-in-law Abero Wolf is also present at this legal transaction. On June 21, 1224 Konrad is named with his sons Konrad and Heinrich . The younger Konrad was probably born after 1200, but no later than 1210. In 1232 the father received the rule of Helfenberg from Bishop Siegfried from the diocese, which had come to the diocese from the Counts of Velburg in the course of a complicated legal transaction .

When the ownership of Falkenstein passed to the Hohenfels is not exactly known, but the incumbent bailiff Konrad (II.) Von Hohenfels got into an argument with the neighbors to Brennberg in 1232; in order to reach an agreement, he gave the Falkenstein Castle back to the Regensburg Bishop Siegfried . A few years later, the Hohenfels residents got the Falkenstein reign from Bishop Siegfried back as a fief. After his death, his son Konrad (III.) Became his successor (1267–1290). His two sons Konrad and Heinrich got involved in new disputes with their neighbors.

In 1237 (or 1240) the Cistercian convent in Pielenhofen was founded by the Hohenfelsers and other servants of the Regensburg bishop. Extensive endowments, which have contributed to the impoverishment of the Hohenfels residents, go to this monastery again and again.

In 1242 Adelheid von Hohenfels and her husband Gottfried von Sulzbürg founded the women's monastery in Seligenporten in the diocese of Eichstätt .

In 1244 either the older or the younger Konrad led a feud against the Count of Hirschberg and the Vogt of Kastl on the side of the Eichstatter Bishop Friedrich . This is due to the different sides of the Eichstätter Bishop and Konrad von Hohenfels for the side of Emperor Friedrich II. And the Count of Hirschberg and the Vogtes von Kastl for the side of Pope Innocent IV . But after Count Gebhard III. von Hirschberg had been murdered by his court jester in 1245, the Eichstätter Bishop Friedrich reached an agreement with the son of the murdered count (also with the name Gebhard IV. ). The losers in the dispute were Konrad von Hohenfels and Regensburg Bishop Siegfried , one of whom was deprived of the promised lucrative bailiwick of Kastl Monastery and the other was unable to create a unified Regensburg territory between Schwarzer Laber , Naab and Lauterach .

The excommunication of Emperor Friedrich II. By Pope Innocent IV caused Bishop Siegfried and with him probably also Konrad von Hohenfels to switch to the Pope's side. This brought him into opposition to the Regensburg citizens and some of his ministerials. The emperor responded to the bishop's step by granting the citizens of Regensburg by a privilege of November 10, 1245 the freedom to elect council and city officials, thus ending episcopal city rule. Bishop Siegfried had to leave the city and died on March 19, 1246. His successor was Albert I von Pietengau , who was commissioned by the Pope to declare a crusade against the Emperor and the Bavarian Duke Otto . While trying to implement this, he came into conflict with the Regensburg citizens, his ministerials and the cathedral chapter. He had to leave the city and fled to his Stauf fortress . In 1245 he was able to return to the city and immediately had 45 citizens arrested. The Roman-German King Konrad , son of Friedrich II., Took this as an opportunity to invade Regensburg with a large army, devastate the area and drive out the bishop and clergy. When King Konrad stayed overnight in the monastery of Sankt Emmeram on the night of December 28th to 29th, 1250 , Konrad von Hohenfels (II.) And other ministerials tried to kill the king on behalf of Bishop Albert. The chronicler Abbot Hermann von Niederaltaich reports that Konrad von Hohenfels and his companions knew that the king was staying in a chamber with four companions. After the intrusion, two were killed and three captured, and the assassins believed that the king was among those killed. That night, however, a sixth person came into the chamber, who was slain instead of the king. The king had hidden under a bench and thus escaped the murder attempt miraculosis (miraculously) . The king suspected the abbot of Sankt Emmeram of complicity and had numerous goods of the monastery destroyed. The bishop, who was waiting outside the city with an army, fled to Bohemia. At this time Emperor Friedrich II had already died, but the news of this did not reach Regensburg until January 1251. King Konrad immediately had to travel to the Rhine and on to Italy to protect his interests there. This prevented him from taking revenge on Konrad von Hohenfels (II) . Contemporaries did not necessarily condemn the assassination attempt.

The close relationship between the Hohenfelder and the Regensburg bishop seems to have passed on to the Ehrenfelsers . In 1256, the Helfenberg rule was withdrawn from them and given to the Ehrenfelsers.

In 1258 a Konrad von Hohenfels becomes mayor of the city of Regensburg for one year.

At the end of the 13th century, the Hohenfels residents were advised several times by the Regensburg bishops not to evade their employment relationship and only to marry within the Regensburg bishopric ministry. However, they failed to keep this commitment and only served the bishops on the basis of contracts and paid services. On December 3, 1305, when Bishop Wulfing von Bamberg enfeoffed Dukes Rudolf and Ludwig with Beilngries , Hemau , Amberg and Nittenau , Heinrich and Konrad von Ehrenfels appeared under the Wittelbach ministers . Also in 1314 in an agreement brokered by Archbishop Weichart between Wittelsbachers and Habsburgs , the Bavarian dukes Konrad von Hohenfels the Younger and Heinrich von Ehrenfels appear. So you put yourself in the service of the Wittelsbachers without the Regensburg bishops being able to prevent this.

1323 sold Henry of Hohenfels its share of Hohenfels and to Falkenstein Castle of King Ludwig of Bavaria to them but soon get back again.

In 1375 Albrecht and Hilpold von Hohenfels pledged the Hohenfels reign to Count Palatine Rudolf I , and in 1383 it was finally sold.

The Hohenfelser died out in 1436 with Hilpold von Hohenfels as the last member. There is a certain degree of uncertainty about the exact genealogical sequence of the Raitenbucher, Hohenfelser and Ehrenfelser, whereby Wilhelm Brenner-Schäffer's attempt at order is reproduced below. A different genealogy can be found with Camillo Trotter.

Tribe list

NN.

  1. N. von Hohenfels, 1060 Canon of Regensburg
  2. Jacob von Hohenfels, 1080
    1. Ernst von Hohenfels, 1165
    2. Berthold von Hohenfels, Canon of Regensburg
    3. Heinrich von Hohenfels, 1165
      1. Conrad von Hohenfels, 1200, 1220
        1. Conrad von Hohenfels (I.), 1224–1232, documented document in 1224, founder of the Pollenried Hospital
          1. Heinrich von Hohenfels, 1241
          2. Adelheid von Hohenfels ∞ Gottfried von Sulzbürg , first documented mention in 1242 as founder of the Seligenporten convent
          3. Conrad (II.) Von Hohenfels, 1250 assassin of King Conrad IV.
          4. Conrad von Hohenfels, Mayor of Regensburg, 1240, 1261 ∞ Kunigunde von Schlüsselberg , † after 1312
            1. Heinrich von Hohenfels, Canon in Regensburg, 1291
            2. Albert von Hohenfels, 1302
              1. Albrecht von Hohenfels, Canon in Eichstätt, 1302
              2. Ulrich von Hohenfels, provost in monastery in Spalt , † 1328
            3. Conrad von Hohenfels zu Falkenstein, 1262–1290, ∞ Barbara von Wolfstein
              1. Conrad the Elder of Hohenfels, 1290–1325
              2. Heinrich von Hohenfels, 1290–1336, ∞ Katharina von Leiblfing
                1. Hans von Hohenfels
                2. Ulrich von Hohenfels, cathedral dean of Regensburg, 1385
              3. Conrad the Younger von Hohenfels, 1314–1347, ∞ Elisabeth
                1. Albrecht von Hohenfels, 1360–1382
                2. Conrad von Hohenfels,
                3. Cäcilia von Hohenfels, Abbess of Seligenporten , 1403
                4. Hilpold von Hohenfels, 1383–1393, ultimus familiae , ∞ Katharina
                  1. Anna, 1402, 1408 ∞ Hans von Seckendorf
              4. Albrecht von Hohenfels , 1360–1383, Bishop of Eichstätt
              5. Hedwigis, 1322, nun in Pielenhofen Monastery

Famous family members

literature

  • Manfred Jehle: New research results on the importance of Beratzhausen and the Ehrenfels rule in the medieval power structure of the Laber region. In Christine Riedl-Valder (ed.): 750 years of Ehrenfels Castle in Beratzhausen. Pp. 21-50. Verlag Hans Lassleben, Kallmünz 2012.
  • Christine Riedl-Valder (Ed.): 750 years Ehrenfels Castle in Beratzhausen. Verlag Hans Lassleben , Kallmünz 2012.
  • Christine Riedl-Valder: Ehrenfels Castle and Lordship from the 13th to the 16th century. A chronology of historical events. In Christine Riedl-Valder (ed.): 750 years of Ehrenfels Castle in Beratzhausen. Pp. 115-171. Verlag Hans Lassleben, Kallmünz 2012.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Camillo Trotter: Genealogical research. 1. The Lords of Heideck, 2. About the origins of the Hohenfels and Ernfels people. Journal for Bavarian State History 11, 1938, pp. 86-105.
  2. ^ Presumed family tree of the Hohenfels family