Huernia

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Huernia
Fallacistelma section: Huernia thuretii

Fallacistelma section : Huernia thuretii

Systematics
Order : Enzianartige (Gentianales)
Family : Dog poison family (Apocynaceae)
Subfamily : Silk plants (Asclepiadoideae)
Tribe : Ceropegieae
Sub tribus : Stapeliinae
Genre : Huernia
Scientific name
Huernia
R.Br.

The plant genus Huernia belongs to the subfamily of the silk plants (Asclepiadoideae) within the family of the dog poison plants (Apocynaceae). The common German name carrion flowers is used for the Huernia species, as is the case with species of many other genera of the Untertribus Stapeliinae .

description

Vegetative characteristics

Huernia species are succulent plants; they usually form stocks. The trunks are low or seldom over 10 cm high, at the bottom, more rarely branched higher, four- to six-sided, mostly with large edges and mostly also with large teeth, more or less gray-green, often reddened, always bald. Only rudimentary leaves are formed, but no stipules .

Inflorescences and flowers

Illustration of Huernia macrocarpa

At the base of the stems, short-stalked, dold-like inflorescences with lanceolate bracts and the flowers that unfold in sequence . The flower stalks are relatively short.

The hermaphrodite flowers are radially symmetrical and five-fold. The five ovate-lanceolate sepals are fused and end with five pointed tips. The five petals are bell-shaped at the base and end with a ten-lobed hem, i. H. each with a smaller tip in the bays of the five larger ones. The tips on the bud are flappable, the central tips form protruding corners. There is a two-row corona with five lobes each and is usually papilose or warty on the inside, rarely smooth. The outer corona is missing in only one species and lies on the base of the flower or has itself grown somewhat and attached to the base of the gynostegium ; the sections (ligules) are more or less free or fused, more or less rectangular, edged or toothed, usually very dark in color. Sections of the inner corona, the staminal column and the anthers are attached, simply, as long or longer than the anthers. The club-shaped pollinia have two lateral appendages on the clamping body.

Fruits and seeds

The upright follicles are glabrous. The seeds have a tuft of hair at their tip.

distribution

The natural range of the genus Huernia extends over South Africa and Namibia , the species are therefore floral elements of the Capensis , Ethiopia and the Arabian Peninsula .

Section Huernia : Huernia guttata
Huernia section : Huernia hislopii
Section Huernia : Huernia kennedyana
Huernia Section : Huernia occulta
Huernia section : Huernia piersii
Huernia section : Huernia pillansii
Plagiostelma section : Huernia aspera
Plagiostelma section : Huernia keniensis
Plagiostelma section : Huernia leachii
Plagiostelma section : Huernia plowesii
Plagiostelma section : Huernia zebrina
Fallacistelma section : Huernia quinta

Systematics

The first description of the genus Huernia was made in 1810 by Robert Brown . The generic name Huernia is based on a typo and refers to the Dutch missionary Justus van Heurne (Justus Heurnius) (1587–1652 / 3), who was the first European to collect plants at the Cape of Good Hope .

The genus Huernia belongs to the Subtribus Stapeliinae from the tribe Ceropegieae in the subfamily of the Asclepiadoideae within the family of the Apocynaceae . The genus is divided into three sections and includes the following species :

  • Section Huernia
    • Huernia archeri L.C. Leach : Southeastern Kenya.
    • Huernia barbata (Masson) Haw. : Cape Province to Orange Free State. With two subspecies:
      • Huernia barbata subsp. barbata (Syn .: Huernia campanulata (Masson) Haw. , Huernia claviger (Jacq.) Haw. )
      • Huernia barbata subsp. ingeae (Lavranos) Bruyns
    • Huernia boleana M.G.Gilbert : Ethiopia.
    • Huernia erectiloba L.C. Leach & Lavranos : Northern Mozambique.
    • Huernia erinacea P.ROBally : Northern Kenya.
    • Huernia guttata (Masson) Haw. (Syn .: Huernia guttata subsp. Calitzdorpensis L.C.Leach ): Southern Cape Province.
    • Huernia hislopii Turrill , with the subspecies:
      • Huernia hislopii subsp. cashelensis (LCLeach & Plowes) Bruyns (Syn .: Huernia longituba subsp. cashelensis LCLeach & Plowes ): Eastern Zimbabwe.
      • Huernia hislopii subsp. hislopii : Zimbabwe to Mozambique.
      • Huernia hislopii subsp. robusta L.C. Leach & Plowes : Northwest Zimbabwe.
    • Huernia hystrix (Hook.f.) NEBr. , with the subspecies:
      • Huernia hystrix subsp. hystrix : Southeastern Zimbabwe to KwaZulu-Natal.
      • Huernia hystrix subsp. parvula (LCLeach) Bruyns : Eastern Cape Province to KwaZulu-Natal.
    • Huernia kennedyana Lavranos : Eastern Cape Province.
    • Huernia kirkii N.E.Br. : Southeast Zimbabwe to eastern KwaZulu-Natal.
    • Huernia levyi Oberm. : Zambia to northeastern Botswana.
    • Huernia lodarensis Lavranos : Southwest Arabian Peninsula.
    • Huernia loeseneriana Schltr. : Mpumalanga to Orange Free State.
    • Huernia longii Pillans , with the subspecies:
      • Huernia longii subsp. echidnopsoides (LCLeach) Bruyns (Syn .: Huernia echidnopsioides (LCLeach) LCLeach ): Southeastern Cape Province.
      • Huernia longii subsp. longii : Southeastern Cape Province.
    • Huernia longituba N.E.Br. : Botswana to Orange Free State.
    • Huernia lopanthera Bruyns : Southwestern Angola.
    • Huernia nigeriana Lavranos : Nigeria.
    • Huernia occulta Hook.f. : Southern Zimbabwe.
    • Huernia piersii N.E.Br. : Eastern Cape Province.
    • Huernia pillansii N.E.Br. : Cape Province.
    • Huernia praestans N.E.Br. : Sweet Southwest Cape Province.
    • Huernia recondita M.G. Gilbert : Southern Ethiopia to Kenya.
    • Huernia reticulata (Masson) Haw. : Western Cape Province.
    • Huernia saudi-arabica D.V. Field : Southwestern Saudi Arabia.
    • Huernia stapelioides Schltr. : Limpopo to Swaziland.
    • Huernia transvaalensis stent : Northern South Africa.
    • Huernia volkartii Werderm. & Whip. , with the varieties:
      • Huernia volkartii var. Repens (Lavranos) Lavranos : Eastern Zimbabwe to western Mozambique.
      • Huernia volkartii var. Volkartii : Southern Tropical Africa.
    • Huernia whitesloaneana Nel : Northern Limpopo .
  • Section Plagiostelma K.Schum.
    • Huernia andreaeana (Rauh) LCLeach : Southeastern Kenya.
    • Huernia aspera N.E.Br. : Kenya to Malawi.
    • Huernia concinna N.E.Br. : Northern Somalia.
    • Huernia formosa L.C. Leach : Northern Somalia.
    • Huernia hadhramautica Lavranos : Southern Yemen.
    • Huernia humilis (Masson) Haw. (Syn .: Huernia thudichumii L.C.Leach ): Cape Province.
    • Huernia humpatana Bruyns : Angola.
    • Huernia keniensis R.E.Fr. , with the varieties:
      • Huernia keniensis var. Globosa L.E. Newton : Kenya.
      • Huernia keniensis var. Grandiflora P.ROBally : Northern Kenya.
      • Huernia keniensis var. Keniensis : Kenya.
      • Huernia keniensis var. Nairobiensis A.C. White & B.Sloane (Syn .: Huernia keniensis var. Molonyae A.C. White & B.Sloane ): Kenya to Tanzania.
    • Huernia laevis J.RIWood : Southwest Arabian Peninsula.
    • Huernia lavranii L.C.Leach : Northern Somalia.
    • Huernia leachii Lavranos : Malawi to Mozambique.
    • Huernia lenewtonii Plowes : Northern Kenya.
    • Huernia macrocarpa (A.Rich.) Schweinf. ex K.Schum. : Northeast Sudan to Eritrea and southwest Arabian Peninsula. With the subspecies:
      • Huernia macrocarpa subsp. harerghensis M.G.Gilbert : Ethiopia.
      • Huernia macrocarpa subsp. macrocarpa : Northeastern Sudan to Eritrea and southwestern Arabian Peninsula.
    • Huernia marnieriana Lavranos : Southern Yemen.
    • Huernia oculata Hook.f. : Southwestern Angola to northern and central Namibia.
    • Huernia pendula E.A. Bruce : Eastern Cape Province.
    • Huernia plowesii L.C. Leach : Southwestern Namibia.
    • Huernia procumbens (RADyer) LCLeach : Zimbabwe to Limpopo.
    • Huernia rosea L.E. Newton & Lavranos : Northern Yemen.
    • Huernia rubra Plowes : Northern Yemen.
    • Huernia schneideriana A. Berger : Southwest Tanzania.
    • Huernia similis N.E.Br. : Angola.
    • Huernia somalica N.E.Br. : Eastern Ethiopia to Northern Somalia.
    • Huernia tanganyikensis (EABruce & PROBally) LCLeach : Northern Tanzania.
    • Huernia urceolata L.C. Leach : Southwestern Angola to northwestern Namibia.
    • Huernia verekeri stent , with the subspecies:
      • Huernia verekeri subsp. angolensis (LCLeach) Bruyns : Southwestern Angola.
      • Huernia verekeri subsp. pauciflora (LCLeach) Bruyns : Mozambique.
      • Huernia verekeri subsp. Verekeri : Southern tropical Africa to northeastern Namibia.
    • Huernia zebrina N.E.Br. , with the subspecies:
      • Huernia zebrina subsp. insigniflora (CAMaass) Bruyns (Syn .: Huernia insigniflora C.A. Maass ): Northern South Africa.
      • Huernia zebrina subsp. zebrina (Syn .: Huernia zebrina subsp. magniflora (E.Phillips) LCLeach ): southern Zimbabwe to southern Africa.

A hybrid of Huernia clavigera and Huernia pillansii is Huernia × distincta N.E.Br.

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Individual evidence

  1. ^ Robert Brown: On the Asclepiadecæ, a Natural Order of Plants separated from the Apocinæ of Jussieu . In: Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society . Volume 1, Edinburgh 1810, p. 22, (online) .
  2. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
  3. ↑ Focke Albers, Ulli Meve (Ed.): Succulent lexicon. Asclepiadaceae (milkweed family) . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-8001-3982-0 , pp. 160-176 .
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Huernia - World Checklist of Selected Plant Families at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Last accessed on November 12, 2018.
  5. ^ PV Bruyns: A new species of Huernia (Asclepiadoideae-Ceropegieae) from Southern Africa . In: Bothalia . Volume 37, Number 1, 2007, pp. 23-25. ( PDF )
  6. ↑ Huernia humpatana (Apocynaceae), a new species from southern Angola in South African Journal of Botany, Volume 76, Issue 3, April 2010, pages 585-587

Web links

Commons : Huernia  - album with pictures, videos and audio files