The canine distemper virus or canine distemper virus (s. Canine morbillivirus , formerly Canine distemper virus , CDV) is an enveloped virus of the family Paramyxoviridae . It is the causative agent of distemper , a highly contagious infection in dogs (Canoidea). Infections in big cats (Pantherinae) have occasionally been described. The CDV causes a multisystemic, very variable disease via a viraemia bound to leukocytes . CNS involvement is common.
The CDV was first isolated in 1905 by Henri Carré . It is closely related to the measles virus and the rinderpest virus (same genus). The virions (virus particles) of the CDV are irregularly shaped and about 150–250 nm in size; Filamentous particles with a length of several hundred nanometers are also possible. The folded, helical capsid is 18 nm in diameter and 600–800 nm long. It contains a linear strand of RNA with negative polarity that is approximately 15.9 kb long. Unlike other paramyxoviruses as a member of the genus Morbillivirus, the CDV has no neuraminidase , nor does it show any hemagglutinin activity.
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^ Carré, H. Sur la maladie des jeunes chiens In: Comptes rendus de l'académie des sciences [III] 1905, 140: 689-90 and 1489-91
^ MT Gordon, DC Anderson, PT Sharpe: Canine distemper virus localized in bone cells of patients with Paget's disease In: Bone 12, 1991, pp. 195-201 PMID 1910961 .
↑ JA Hoyland, JA Dixon, JL Berry, M. Davies, PL Selby, AP Mee: A comparison of in situ hybridization, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ-RT-PCR for the detection of canine distemper virus RNA in Paget's disease In: J. Virol. Methods 109, 2003, pp. 253-259 PMID 12711070 .
