Fish rooting

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Fish rooting
Ichthyophis sp.

Ichthyophis sp.

Systematics
Sub-stem : Vertebrates (vertebrata)
Superclass : Jaw mouths (Gnathostomata)
Row : Land vertebrates (Tetrapoda)
without rank: Amphibians (Lissamphibia)
Order : Sneak amphibian (Gymnophiona)
Family : Fish rooting
Scientific name
Ichthyophiidae
Taylor , 1968

The fish burrows (Ichthyophiidae) are a family of sneak amphibians (Gymnophiona) that occur in southern India, Sri Lanka , mainland Southeast Asia , Indonesia in Sumatra , Kalimantan and western Java , in the Philippines in southern Mindanao and on Palawan . Adult fish-burrows, despite their name, are terrestrial .

features

Fish burrows are 13.5 to 50 centimeters long. The original characteristic is that the skull consists of many bones. However, it is more solid than that of the Rhinatrematidae . The mouth is terminal or slightly below. Their tentacles lie between the nostrils and eyes. The typical Caecilian double jaw closure mechanism in which next to the pine - adductor , a second pair of muscles of the lower jaw to the upper jaw approach leads is well developed. The body is curled by two-fold skin folds (annuli) and covered by numerous scales. Fish rooting have a short tail and a caudal spine. All fish digging have tracheal lungs .

Reproduction

Ceylon burrow , larva, brooding female and eggs. Drawing from Hans Gadow: Amphibia and Reptiles. , 1909, MacMillan & Co.

All fish burrows are presumably oviparous (laying eggs). They breed during the rainy season. Clutches that have been found so far lay near the water in moist soil and were guarded by the mother. Embryos have three pairs of branched gills . The larvae are aquatic and have a pair of gills or two and a low caudal fin by the time they metamorphose . The larvae have a lateral line organ that concentrates mainly on the head area. It is probably also used for electrical orientation and helps to find food in murky water. The metamorphosis takes place after a few weeks, but in some cases only after two years.

Genera and species

There are two genera with 57 species (as of November 18, 2018):

gallery

  • Uraeotype interruptus

  • Uraeotype menoni

  • Uraeotyphlus narayani

  • Uraeotyphlus oxyurus

literature

  • Werner Himstedt: The blind diggers . ISBN 3894324341
  • Wilfried Westheide & Reinhard Rieger: Special Zoology Part 2: Vertebrae and Skull Animals , 1st edition, Spectrum Akademischer Verlag Heidelberg • Berlin, 2004, ISBN 3-8274-0307-3
  • K. Deckert, Gisela Deckert , GE Freytag, G. Peters, G. Sterba: Urania animal kingdom, fish, amphibians, reptiles. Urania-Verlag, 1991, ISBN 3-332-00376-3 .

Web links

Commons : Ichthyophiidae  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files