Ilya Pavlovich Trainin

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Ilya Pavlovich Trainin ( Russian Илья Павлович Трайнин ;. Scientific transliteration Il'ja Pavlovič Trajnin ; born 7. January 1887 in Riga ; died 27. June 1949 in Moscow ) was a Soviet jurist and international law . He was a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences and a public figure. As chairman of the censorship authority Main Committee for Repertoire Issues (Glawrepertkom) of the People's Commissariat for Education of the RSFSRhe was of influence on censorship and as a member of the Board of Sowkino (Sovkino) of influence on the development of the Soviet film and thus the propaganda .

Grave of Ilya Pavlovich Trainin (1887–1949) in Moscow's Novodevichy Cemetery

Live and act

Ilya Pavlovich Trainin was born in Riga in 1887 . He had been a member of the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party since 1904 and took part in fights early on as a Bolshevik cadre figure, for which he was arrested. 1907–1917 he lived in exile: from 1908 to 1911 in Geneva , then until 1917 in Paris , where he had a scholarship at the University of Paris.

From 1920 he worked in the People's Commissariat for Nationality Issues (Narkomnats) of the RSFSR , whose special task was the education of nationalities on a Soviet basis . in the years 1922–1924 he was editor of their weekly Schisn nazionalnostei ("The Life of Nationalities"). In the period 1923–1925 he was chairman of the Communist Censorship Main Committee for Repertoire Issues (Glawrepertkom) of the People's Commissariat for Education of the RSFSR .

From 1925 to 1929 he was a member of the board of directors of Sowkino (founded in 1925), the leading film studio in the Soviet Union.

From 1931 he worked at the Institute of Law of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR , from 1939 as deputy director, from 1942 to 1947 as director. At the same time, from 1940 he was head of the Public Law Department of the Moscow Legal Institute.

He taught at the Communist University of the Working People of the East (1920-1924), the Institute of the Red Professorship , the Moscow Legal Institute of the People's Commissariat of the USSR and the Military Law Academy (1936) and the Institute for International Relations (1942-1948).

As director (1942–1947) of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, he collected documents about the crimes of the Nazis in the occupied territories of the USSR during the war . He worked with the Jewish Antifascist Committee and was from 1943-1945 a member of the Extraordinary State Commission (with full name: “Extraordinary State Commission for the Establishment and Investigation of the Atrocities of German Fascist intruders and their accomplices, and the damage they cause have inflicted citizens, collective farms, public organizations, state enterprises and institutions of the USSR ", russian Чрезвычайная Государственная Комиссия - TschGK ), a commission of inquiry for the investigation and punishment of the crime of fascist third Reich and its allies in the occupied territories of the USSR .

His legal contribution to the Black Book on the Holocaust in Russia with the title “The Racial Policy of Hitler Fascism and Anti-Semitism” is “a kind of indictment” based on the materials in the Black Book .

Trainin received numerous honors and awards, including an honorary doctorate from Charles University in Prague in 1948 . He was on the Stalin Prize Committee .

For planned by the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee Jewish Crimea - Republic Trainin served as Minister of Justice provided.

Trainin is buried in Moscow's Novodevichy Cemetery. His party membership since 1904 is mentioned on the tombstone of the academician .

Publications (selection)

  • The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Hamburg , Carl Hoym Nachf. Louis Cahnbley, 1923 ( Small Library of Russian Correspondence )
  • "The USSR and the national problem" / СССР и национальная проблема (1924) (Russian)
  • Puti kino / Пути кино, Кинонеделя ("Paths to the Cinema") Kino-nedelia, 1924, No. 40-1. (Russian)
  • Kolitschestwo i katschestvo kino / Количество и качество кино / Količestvo i kačestvo kino (quantity and quality of the film). Schisn iskusstwa / Жизнь искусства / Žizn 'iskusstva ("Living Art"). 1925. No. 44. (Russian)
  • Sowetski film i sritel / Советский фильм и зритель / Sovetskij fil'm i zritel '“The Soviet film and the viewer”, Sowetskoje kino , 1925, no. 4/5, pp. 10-18 and no. 6, p. 16 -23. (Russian)
  • Kino-promyshlennost 'i Sovkino: Po dokladu na 8-ii konferentsii moskovskogo gubrabisa (Moscow: Kino-izdatselstvo RSFSR, 1925) (Russian)
  • Woprossy nazionalnoi kultury / Вопросы национальной культуры / Voprosy nacional'noj kul'tury ("Issues of national culture"), Rewoljuzija i nazionalnost / Ревональной культуры "Revolution, 19 ' Pp. 32–52 (Russian)
  • Soviet Democracy . Moscow, Foreign Languages ​​Publishing House, 1939
  • "National and social liberation of western Ukraine and western Belarus" Национальное и социальное освобождение Западной Украины и Западной Западной Белорус39) (Moscow Белорус39)
  • "State and Communism" / Государство и коммунизм (1940) (Russian)
  • "Mechanism of the Nazi dictatorship" / Механизм немецко-фашистской диктатуры (1942) (Russian)
  • The Stalin constitution ; foreword by I. Maisky . London : Soviet War News, 1943
  • "Territorial questions and constitutional law" / Вопросы территории в государственном праве (1947) (Russian)

See also

References and footnotes

  1. ↑ The year 1886 is also often given as the year of his birth.
  2. ↑ See also film censorship .
  3. ↑ Cf. Eberhard Nembach: Stalins Filmpolitik . Dissertation University of Bonn 2001 ( hss.ulb.uni-bonn.de ), p. 22: "SOVKINO later became the nucleus of the centralized Soviet film industry."
  4. ↑ See the article by Denise J. Youngblood: Entertainment or Enlightenment? Popular Cinema in Soviet society, 1921-1931. In: Stephen White (Ed.): New Directions in Soviet History.
  5. ↑ Later the Communist All- Union Party (Bolsheviks) (Russian ВКП (б) / WKP (B); so on the inscription on his tombstone) and in 1952 renamed the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Russian КПСС; transcription: KPSS).
  6. ^ Raymond Kuhlmann: Stalin: A biography. 2016, p. 324 ( partial online view )
  7. ↑ Russian Жизнь национальностей / wiss. Žizn 'nacional'nostej;
  8. ↑ Russian Главрепертком / wiss. Glavrepertkom / Glav-repertkom / Central Committee for Repertoires / Glavnyj komitet po kontrolju za repertuarom pri Glaviskusstve Narkomprosa RSFSR (Glavrepertkom) / Main Committee for the Control of Scenic Performances / cf. and the repertoire. kino-teatr.ru: Komitet po kontrolju sa srelishschami i repertuarom / Комитет по контролю за зрелищами и репертуаром / Komitet po kontrolju za zreliščami i repertuarom . - See also the articles Censorship in the Soviet Union and Film Censorship .
  9. ↑ cf. Birgit Beumers (Ed.): A Companion to Russian Cinema . 2016, p. 99 ( partial online view )
  10. ↑ Section after isaran.ru : Trainin Ilja Pavlovich - Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences (accessed on February 22, 2017).
  11. ^ Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Institute gossudarstwa i prawa RAN / Институт государства и права РАН / Institut gosudarstva i prava RAN; Institute of State and Law (English).
  12. ^ The black book on the criminal mass extermination of the Jews by the fascist German conquerors in the temporarily occupied territories of the Soviet Union and in the fascist extermination camps of Poland during the war of 1941–1945 . Ilja Ehrenburg , Wassili Grossman . German translation of the complete version, edited by Arno Lustiger : Rowohlt, Reinbek 1994. ISBN 3-498-01655-5 .
  13. ^ Grossman / Ehrenburg (ed.), Das Schwarzbuch , German, pp. 981–986.
  14. ↑ Ilja Altman : "Das Schicksal des Schwarzbuches ", pp. 1063-1084; in: Grossman / Ehrenburg (ed.), Das Schwarzbuch , German, p. 1073.
  15. ↑ Jewreiskaja avtonomija w Krymu / Еврейская автономия в Крыму / Evrejskaja avtonomija v Krymu ("Jewish autonomy in the Crimea", Russian).
  16. ↑ According to Lustiger (2002: 179) the positions for this were distributed as follows: Michoels as President of the Republic; Epstein as head of government; Shimeliovich as Minister of Health; Kwitko as Minister of Education; Trained as Minister of Justice; Yusefowitsch as head of the trade unions; Markisch as chairman of the writers' association.
  17. ↑ The on the grave stone with the symbol "ВКП (б)" ( VKP (B) ) mentioned Communist Allunionspartei (Bolsheviks) (russ. Всесоюзная коммунистическая партия (большевиков) / Wsesojusnaja Kommunisticheskaya Partija (Bolschewikow) ) was a predecessor (1925-1952 ) of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union . - See also under Communist Party of Russia .
  18. ↑ Russian Sowetskoje kino / Советское кино / Sovetskoe kino;

literature

  • Wassili Grossman , Ilja Ehrenburg (ed.): The Black Book - The Genocide of the Soviet Jews. Rowohlt-Verlag, Hamburg 1994, ISBN 3-498-01655-5 (editor of the German edition: Arno Lustiger ).
  • Arno Lustiger : Rotbuch: Stalin and the Jews. Berlin 1998 (TB 2nd A. 2002).
  • Denise J. Youngblood: “Entertainment or Enlightenment? Popular Cinema in Soviet society, 1921–1931 ”, in: Stephen White (Ed.): New Directions in Soviet History . Cambridge 1992/2002, pp. 41-61. (Partial online view: a , b )
  • Shimon Redlich , Kirill Mikhaĭlovich Anderson, I. Al'tman : War, the Holocaust and Stalinism: Documented Study of the Jewish Antifascist Committee in the USSR . 1995 ( partial online view )

Web links
personal data
SURNAME Trainin, Ilya Pavlovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Traïnine, Ilya; Trajnin, Ilʹja Pavlovič; Trajnin, Ilya; Trajnin, Il'ja Pavlovič; Trainin, Il'ya Pavlovich; Traynin, I.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet lawyer and international lawyer
DATE OF BIRTH January 7, 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH Riga
DATE OF DEATH June 27, 1949
Place of death Moscow