Iločki
| Iločki | |
|---|---|
| Country | Croatia , Hungary |
| Parent company | Orahovički |
| title |
Gespan (Count), Voivode (Duke) , Ban (Viceroy) , Palatine (Count Palatine) , King |
| founder | Gug (Goge) |
| Current chief | extinct |
| founding |
13th century in the medieval Dubica County (region of the so-called "Lower Slavonia ") |
| die out | 1524 |
The noble family Iločki ( German Illotschki ; Hungarian Újlaki ; also outdated de Illoch , de Wylak , de Voilack etc.) were an old Croatian aristocratic family in the late medieval unified Croatian-Hungarian kingdom , which played an important and significant role in the turbulent events of that time . It came from the Gug (or Göge), a member of the lower nobility in the "Lower Slavonia " region in the 13th century. The Iločkis (meaning "those of Ilok ", today a city in the far east of Croatia ) occupied high state offices and held high titles of nobility (such as Ban of Slavonia , Voivode (Duke) of Transylvania , Palatine (Count Palatine) of Hungary and others) for almost two centuries. One of them, Nikola Iločki (Nikolaus von Ilok), the most powerful of all members of the sex, was nominally king of Bosnia from 1471 to 1477 .
History of sex
The family comes from an old noble family known as Orahovički ( Hungarian Raholcai ; "those of Orahovica "), since they owned the Orahovica rule in the medieval Križevci county . Gug, the oldest known member of the family, owned properties in the Dubica area in the “Lower Slavonia”, and that's why historians are of the opinion that the family came from there.
Gug's descendants later acquired some new properties in what was then Slavonia ( Zrin , Bukovica, Viljevo and Jošava), as well as in Hungary ( castle castle / Palota ) and Slovakia ( free town on the Waag / Galgóc, or Hlohovec ). In 1364 King Ludwig I of Anjou gave them the magnificent and mighty Ilok Castle , along with the property belonging to it, and so they became Iločki .
Of three sons of Gug (Ivan / Johann /, Grgur / Gregor / and Stjepan / Stefan /), Ivan was the most skilful and became the royal special envoy. Ivan's son Lovro I / Lorenz /, called Slaven ( Latin Sclavus ; Hungarian Tót ; German Der Slawe ), took King Charles I Robert of Anjou , together with his brothers Ugrin, Egidije / Egidius /, Jakov / Jakob / and Ivan II, and became royal standard bearer (from 1312), then castellan , as well as clan of several Croatian, Slovak and Hungarian counties (Nitra, Varaždin , Sopron and Vas), and was finally appointed royal chamberlain in 1344 . Its nickname ( The Slav ) suggests that it had Croatian origins.
When Lovro I died in 1349, his three sons (Nikola I / Nikolaus /, Bartol / Bartholomäus / and Lenkus) managed to keep and expand the growing power of the family. Nikola I , called Kont , the most important of them, spent some time in Italy and led the army of King Ludwig I of Anjou in the wars there, where he also got his nickname (Kont: Italian Conte = count). Around the middle of the 14th century he became one of the most important magnates in the kingdom and acquired new titles and possessions. Between 1345 and 1351 he was the royal cupbearer , or Schenk , then voivode (Duke) of Transylvania (1351-1356) and finally (1356-1367) Hungarian palatine (in the meantime also counts of many counties).
In 1364 King Ludwig gave Ilok to his palatine Nikola I and his nephew Ladislav / Ladislaus /, the son of the late Lenkus. The two of them moved the family home to Ilok immediately, and their descendants began to call themselves Iločki a little later . Nikola I was succeeded by both of his sons, Nikola II († 1397) and Bartol II († 1393), but they did not achieve their father's power and influence. The next generation of the family wasn't as successful either. Bartol's II sons, Ladislav († 1418) and Mirko / Emmerich / († 1419), were Bane of Mačva (today northwestern Serbia ) and Gespane of Baranja and Srijem .
It was not until Nikola V , one of Ladislav Iločki's five sons, that the family reached its peak. Born in 1410, he served several kings, from Sigismund (the Luxemburger) to Matthias Korvin , and was holder of the following titles: Ban of Slavonia , Mačva and Usora , voivode (duke) of Transylvania and king of Bosnia . As king, he only had power in the northeastern part of Bosnia, with the rest of the country being conquered by the Ottomans. During his life, the city of Ilok experienced its “golden era”. When he died in 1477, of his many children, only one son, Lovro III, survived .
Lovro III managed from his stronghold Ilok. (* 1459; † 1524) took over his huge estates and had a considerable influence on the stormy events of the time, almost like his father. He was titled Ban of Mačva and Duke of Bosnia. Towards the end of his life (1518) he was appointed royal judge . With his death in 1524 this respected and important noble family died out.
Most famous members of the noble family
- Lovro I. The Slav , († 1349) - castellan , priest , royal chamberlain
- Nikola I. Kont , († 1367) - Gespan, Schenk , Voivode (Duke) of Transylvania , Hungarian Palatine
- Ladislav († 1418) - Ban of Mačva
- Nikola V. (* 1410; † 1477) - Ban of Slavonia , Mačva and Usora, Voivode of Transylvania , King of Bosnia .
- Lovro III. (* 1459; † 1524) - Ban von Mačva , Duke of Bosnia , royal judge
See also
- List of Croatian noble families
- List of Bane of Croatia
- History of Croatia
- Palatine Hill (Hungary)
- History of Hungary
- History of Bosnia and Herzegovina