In the mood

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In the Mood is a jazz title that was best known by the American big band leader Glenn Miller and was one of the most famous pieces of the big band and swing era .

History of origin

Edgar Hayes - In The Mood

The origin of the song is very controversial among musicologists . In the version known today by Glenn Miller, the song, whose head theme uses the twelve-bar blues scheme , was composed by Joe Garland and arranged by Eddie Durham ; the text is by Andy Razaf . The main theme is based on a riff first known as Tar Paper Stomp , recorded by jazz trumpeter Wingy Manone under the band name Barbecue Joe & His Hot Dogs on August 28, 1930. Allegedly Miller paid Manone to not claim the copyright for "In the Mood". According to Donald Clarke's encyclopedia, the British journalist CH Rolph believed he had heard the title played by a cinema orchestra as early as 1919. According to information on the History-of-Rock.com website , the brothers Leonard, Charlie and Isaac "Ike" Everly - father and uncle of the Everly Brothers - also had their own composition entitled "That's the Mood I'm In" in their repertoire, which combined bluegrass and ragtime , and apparently was very similar to the later "In the Mood".

Glenn Miller & His Orchestra - In The Mood

The riff also appears in Fletcher Henderson's recording of "Hot and Anxious" (recorded May 19, 1931 under the title Baltimore Bell Hops ), arranged by Fletcher's brother Horace and Don Redman . Garland has worked on this reef further. He recorded an early version with Lucky Millinder and his Mills Blue Rhythm Band in 1935 under the title “There's Rhythm in Harlem”. On February 17, 1938, the first recording was made under the title "In the Mood" with the orchestra of Edgar Hayes , with Kenny Clarke on drums, published in June 1939. The version by Hayes is the original version of the Garland composition, for which he had the copyright secured only in 1939. It was only in that year that the - rarely heard - text was written by the Fats Waller writer Andy Razaf. This was followed by a version recorded by Joe Marsala under the title Hot String Beans on March 16, 1938, in which only Garland is specified as the composer. Artie Shaw recorded another version for the radio in December 1938 . Shaw is the first to hear the fascination of the rhythmic “three against four” - three-tone arpeggios are repeated over an even meter .

On August 1, 1939, four weeks before the outbreak of World War II, the hit version by Glenn Miller was recorded while the orchestra was a guest at the Glen Island Casino on Long Island for three months . The piece begins with a unison in the saxophones, followed by trumpets and trombones after three bars. The solo part can be divided into two main parts: a “tenor battle”, which was played on the definitive recording by Tex Beneke and Al Klink , and a trumpet solo. The well-known rise and fall of the riffs, the so-called cat-and-mouse-teaser ( cat-and-mouse game ) was probably the secret of the success of the Miller version, which entered the US charts in October 1939, was listed there for 12 weeks at No. 1 and became a million seller .

Then the global success of this evergreen began . In Australia, the piece was number 1 on the charts for five months in 1942 . The song was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame and the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 1983.

Cover versions

The piece was recorded by many big bands and jazz musicians. Benny Goodman played the number on December 6, 1939 at the Waldorf-Astoria in New York. Another US adaptation was made on January 18, 1940 by Teddy Wilson and his Orchestra . In the same year, the first shellac interpretations were recorded in European recording studios. In April 1940 Teddy Stauffer and his original Teddies recorded the title in Zurich and in February 1941 another interpretation by Ernst van't Hoff for Polydor was recorded in Berlin. In October 1941 Joe Loss and his Orchestra was recorded for another version on His Master's Voice in an English studio . Other performers were the Andrews Sisters , Xavier Cugat , Tommy Dorsey , Lubo D'Orio (1947), Duke Ellington (January 1, 1954) and Artie Shaw.

In addition, the piece was recorded without a big band. Important interpreters here were Chet Atkins (1956), Bill Haley & His Comets , Jerry Lee Lewis , and Ernie Fields (1959), whose version landed at number 4 on the US charts. Other recordings are by Johnny Maddox (1953), Jonathan King (January 23, 1976), Bette Midler (1973), Matchbox (1977) and Bad Manners .

In 1951, In the Mood was played and recorded on a Ferranti Mark I computer from the University of Manchester . The recording was the first ever song to be played by a computer.

In the Beatles hit All You Need Is Love - enriched with quotes - played live at Abbey Road Studios as a British contribution to the global broadcast Our World on June 25, 1967, the famous riff can be heard at the end in the fadeout phase .

Elton John took over a large part of the song in his hit Bennie and the Jets in September 1976 . A more humorous version was released in January 1977 by Ray Stevens , who recorded the song with the cackling of hens. The track became a Top 40 hit in the US and UK in this version. Encouraged by the song's renewed popularity, the Glenn Miller Orchestra recorded the song again, making it into the Easy Listening Charts. The saxophonist Al Klink decreed that this version be played at his funeral.

In October 1989 the piece became popular again through a remix of the music project Jive Bunny & the Mastermixers under the title Swing the Mood .

In 2016 Raimund Burke recorded a CD called The Raimund Burke Orchestra with 15 hits by the Glenn Miller Big Band, including In the Mood - each with up to 14 electric guitars, all of which he played himself .

Web links

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Dietrich Schulz-Köhn, "40 Jazz Evergreens and Their History", 1994, ISBN 3-453-07810-1 , p. 198 ff.
  2. ^ Research by The Originals Project
  3. ↑ a b c d Donald Clarke, MusicWeb Encyclopedia of Pop Music ( Memento of November 4, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ↑ "It seems that the brothers had composed an instrumental combining bluegrass and ragtime called 'That's The Mood I'm In.' Due to their lack of knowledge of the business side of music, they never copyright it. Later it was altered a bit and became a hit for Glen Miller as 'In The Mood' under another writers name. " History-of-Rock.com , viewed January 19, 2009.
  5. ^ The Originals Project , viewed January 19, 2009
  6. ↑ This version did not appear on disk - cf. Mike's Noise
  7. ^ Josef Murrells, Million Selling Records , 1985, p. 30; ISBN 0-668-06461-7
  8. ^ Grammy Hall of Fame homepage
  9. ^ The Full National Recording Registry
  10. ↑ Donald Russell Connor: Benny Goodman: Wrappin 'it Up . Scarecrow, 1996, ISBN 0-8108-3102-3 ; P. 150.
  11. ↑ Teddy Wilson : Teddy Wilson talks Jazz. The Autobiography of Teddy Wilson . New York / London 1996. ISBN 0-8264-5797-5 , p. 144.
  12. ↑ Heiner Bontrup, E. Dieter Fränzel: Rediscovery of a swing legend. The Ernst Höllerhagen story. A jazz musician between National Socialism and the economic miracle. With discography 1934-1955. Nordpark, Wuppertal 2011, ISBN 978-3-935421-42-3 , p. 141.
  13. ↑ Ernst van't Hoff Orchestra, Polydor 47522, matrix number 8925 GD-2, recorded in Berlin
  14. ↑ BBC World
  15. ^ Marie Teresa Giese: Raimund Burke Orchestra plays Glenn Miller songs. In: NDR: DAS! April 22, 2017. Retrieved April 24, 2017 .