Indium (III) sulfide

Crystal structure
__ In 3+      __ S 2−
General
Surname	Indium (III) sulfide
other names	Indium sulfide
Ratio formula	In 2 S 3
Brief description	orange-red solid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 12030-24-9 EC number 234-742-3 ECHA InfoCard 100,031,571 PubChem 16685236 ChemSpider 17617491 Wikidata Q421215
properties
Molar mass	325.83 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	4.45 g cm −3
Melting point	1050 ° C
solubility	almost insoluble in water
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution H and P phrases H: 302-332-315-319-335 EUH: 032 P: 301 + 330 + 331-302 + 352
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Indium (III) sulfide is an inorganic chemical compound of indium and sulfur and, along with indium (I) sulfide and indium (II) sulfide, is one of the well-known indium sulfides. It is a red salt under normal conditions that can be precipitated from aqueous solution.

Extraction and presentation

Indium (III) sulfide can be obtained by reacting indium (III) oxide with hydrogen sulfide at 700 ° C.

${\displaystyle \mathrm {In_{2}O_{3}+3\ H_{2}S\longrightarrow In_{2}S_{3}+3\ H_{2}O} }$

The low-temperature modification can be obtained by precipitating an acetic, acetate-buffered In (III) salt solution with hydrogen sulphide.

properties

A total of three modifications of indium (III) sulfide are known. These can be converted into one another by changing the temperature . The β-modification is stable up to 450 ° C. This has a red color and a tetragonal, body-centered crystal structure ( space group I 4 ₁ / amd (space group no. 141) ) It consists of a distorted, cubic, densest spherical packing of sulfur atoms, the tetrahedron and octahedral gaps of which are partially occupied by indium atoms. Above 450 ° C indium (III) sulfide changes into the α-modification, which is stable up to 750 ° C. This is a spinel structure with defects and γ- aluminum oxide isotype (space group: Fd 3 m (No. 227) ). γ-Indium (III) sulfide is the form of indium (III) sulfide that is stable between 750 ° C and the melting point. This forms a cubic closest packing of sulfur atoms with indium in all octahedral gaps . The space group is P 3 m 1 (No. 164) .

use

Indium (III) sulfide is an n- type semiconductor with a band gap of 2–2.2 eV. As such, the material can be used as a buffer layer in solar cells. It should replace the toxic cadmium sulfide .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} data sheet Indium (III) sulfide, 99.999% (metals basis) from AlfaAesar, accessed on December 7, 2019 ( PDF )(JavaScript required) .
2. ↑ at webelements.com
3. ↑ Gerhard Jander, Ewald Blasius: Textbook of analytical and preparative inorganic chemistry. 11th edition, S. Hirzel, Stuttgart 1979, ISBN 3-7776-0353-8 .
4. ↑ ^{a b} Georg Brauer (Ed.), With the collaboration of Marianne Baudler u a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume I, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1975, ISBN 3-432-02328-6 , p. 871.
5. ↑ GA Steigmann, HH Sutherland, J. Goodyear: The Crystal Structure of β-In ₂ S ₃ . In: Acta Crystallographica . tape 19 , no. 6 December 1965, p. 967-971 , doi : 10.1107 / S0365110X65004735 .
6. ^ ^{A b} Peter Buck: X-ray topographical and electron microscopic investigation of the real structure of γ-In ₂ S ₃ crystals . In: Journal of Applied Crystallography . tape 6 , no. 1 , February 1973, p. 1-8 , doi : 10.1107 / S002188987300796X .
7. ↑ N. Barreau, S. Marsillac, D. Albertini, JC Bernede: Structural, optical and electrical properties of β-In ₂ S _{3> -3x} O _3x thin films obtained by PVD . In: Thin Solid Films . tape 403-404 , February 2002, pp. 331–334 , doi : 10.1016 / S0040-6090 (01) 01512-7 .