Institut national de la recherche agronomique
Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA, National Institute for Agronomic Research ) is part of the French research landscape, which consists of a few large units, named with acronyms and specialized in certain subject areas.
Like its siblings CNRS , INSERM , INRIA and CEA, INRA was founded in 1946 under the joint supervision of the Ministries of Research and Agriculture and specializes in biological issues with applicability in agriculture . The law for this was on May 18, 1946 a. a. signed by François Tanguy-Prigent. With around 13,000 employees, including 1,849 scientists, as well as engineers, technicians and administrative staff, doctoral students and around 1,000 foreign guest students and researchers, it is the world's second largest organization for agronomic issues according to publications and the largest in Europe. The budget for 2017 was around 851 million euros.
In May 2019 it was announced that the organization would be joining the Center National du Machinisme Agricole du Génie Rural des Eaux under the name Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE) from January 1, 2020 et des Forêts (short: CEMAGREF , in German literally National Center for Agricultural Machinery and for Forest and Water Melioration in Rural Areas ). The decree formalizing this merger was signed on October 10, 2019.
Resistance breeding
One focus is the breeding of resistant crops . In 1977 the scab-resistant apple variety Florina was made known to the public. In viticulture, the focus of the extensive activities is clone selection, new breeding of grape varieties, combating vine diseases, development of documents, use of fertilizers and forms of education based on organic viticulture.
After decades of standstill in the breeding of new varieties, the INRA program "Résistances Durables - ResDur" was launched at the turn of the millennium. Three levels of a pyramid of resistance genes against the two diseases Plasmopara viticola and Erysiphe necator , with the main genes Rpv1 (powdery mildew) and Run1 (powdery mildew) being associated with other resistance genes, were presented. A first series (ResDur Series No. 1 program) of 4 varieties Voltis, Floreal, Vidoc and Artaban (2 white and 2 red), which were entered in the official catalog in October 2015, were classified at the beginning of the 2018 campaign. Until their registration and final classification, these varieties are accessible to winegrowers for trials within the framework of the provisional classification system (statement by FAM SC and the Viticulture Section of the CTPS and ordinance of April 19, 2017). A second series (ResDur program series No. 2) of 20 polyresistant varieties, which was presented in April 2016, will be submitted to FranceAgriMer for registration and final classification from the 2021 wine year .
Locations
INRA is located in all French departments and most of the larger cities, but mainly in: Bordeaux , Clermont-Ferrand , Colmar , Dijon , Lille , Montpellier , Nancy , Nantes , Orléans , Rennes , Tours , Toulouse , Paris , Versailles - Grignon and Jouy-en-Josas (according to a modern legend , the alleged luminous rabbit is said to have been produced there)
Individual evidence
- ↑ INRA (English)
- ^ Historical milestones
- ↑ INRA overview
- ↑ L'INRA deviendra l'INRAE suite à sa fusion avec l'IRSTEA. In: depecheveterinaire.com. May 22, 2019, accessed December 29, 2019 .
- ↑ Décret n ° 2019-1046 from October 10th 2019 related to the organization et au fonctionnement de l'Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement Legifrance. In: www.legifrance.gouv.fr. Retrieved December 29, 2019 .
- ↑ https://www.wein-plus.eu/de/INRA_3.0.3540.html
- ↑ Voltis
- ↑ Floreal
- ↑ Vidoc
- ↑ Artaban
- ↑ L'Inra obtient l'inscription au catalog de quatre variétés sélectionnées pour la viticulture durable
- ↑ Martin Ladach: Resistance in: Der Deutsche Weinbau 8/2019
- ^ List of INRA locations in France